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15. Responsabilité médicale et expertise : de la loi du Talion à la loi Kouchner

Author

Léger, A., Manaouil, C., Montpellier, D., Moquet-Anger, Marie-Laure, Pierre, Philippe, Clinique de la Côte d’Émeraude, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre de droit privé et de sciences criminelles d'Amiens - UR UPJV 3911 (CEPRISCA), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Faculté de droit et de science politique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR), Institut du droit public et de la science politique (IDPSP), Institut de l'Ouest : Droit et Europe (IODE), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Liability, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Expertise
Abstract

National audience; Despite the appearance from the Mesopotamian era of medical responsibility, an apparent impunity of the doctor will be in place until the 19th century. In France, it will be necessary to wait for the Napoleonic codes of 1804 and 1810 in order to clearly dissociate the civil and criminal responsibilities of the doctor. If liability for fault remains the rule in medical matters today, the concept of liability without fault introduced by the industrial revolution and the legislation on industrial accidents was taken up by the Kouchner law of 2002. It definitively opens the way to a statutory and legal compensation for non-faulty medical accidents under national solidarity via the National Office for Compensation for Medical Accidents (ONIAM) and the Conciliation and Compensation Commissions (CCI). Expertise in medical liability is now the backbone of the victim compensation process. It guides the magistrate in the recognition of faulty or non-faulty medical liability and helps him to set the amount of compensation allocated with regard to bodily injury.; Malgré l’apparition dès l’ère mésopotamienne de la responsabilité médicale, une apparente impunité du médecin sera de mise jusqu’au XIXe siècle. En France, il faudra attendre les codes napoléoniens de 1804 et 1810 afin de dissocier clairement les responsabilités civile et pénale du médecin. Si la responsabilité pour faute reste aujourd’hui la règle en matière médicale, la notion de responsabilité sans faute introduite par révolution industrielle et la législation sur les accidents du travail a été reprise par la loi Kouchner de 2002. Elle ouvre définitivement la voie à une indemnisation statutaire et légale de l’accident médical non fautif au titre de la solidarité nationale via l’Office National d’Indemnisation des Accidents médicaux (ONIAM) et les Commissions de Conciliation et d’Indemnisation (CCI). L’expertise en responsabilité médicale est aujourd’hui le pivot du processus d’indemnisation des victimes. Elle oriente le magistrat dans la reconnaissance d’une responsabilité médicale fautive ou non fautive et l’aide à fixer le montant de l’indemnisation allouée au regard du dommage corporel.

Published
2023
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32. [Compensation system for pesticide exposure].

Author

Chamot S and Manaouil C

Subjects
Adult, Child, Humans, Insurance, Health, Pesticides, Occupational Diseases, Occupational Exposure analysis
Abstract

COMPENSATION SYSTEM FOR PESTICIDE EXPOSURE. The French Pesticide Victims Compensation Fund (FIVP) was created on January 1, 2020 to compensate people exposed to pesticides during their professional activity, or children who were exposed in utero due to their parents' professional activity. Occupational diseases related to pesticide exposure are under-reported. The primary role of any physician is to consider the link between pathologies observed and exposure to pesticides, to provide information to patients, and then to accompany them by writing the initial medical certificate on the Cerfa document specific to work accidents and occupational diseases (AT-MP) for adults, or a certificate on plain paper attesting to the pathology for children, and by providing them with copies of all the medical reports that they deem appropriate to attach to the request. The FIVP allows for the centralized processing by the Mutualité sociale agricole (MSA) of Mayenne-Orne-Sarthe of all occupational disease claims for which the patient, advised by the doctor who wrote the initial medical certificate (CMI), has indicated that the pathology is related to exposure to pesticides. The forms have been modified by the Health Insurance since May 7, 2022., Competing Interests: Les auteurs déclarent n'avoir aucun lien d'intérêts.

Published
2023

42. [End of career and end of exposure visits].

Author

Chamot S, Mahieu I, and Manaouil C

Subjects
Humans, Health Personnel, Occupational Health Services, Occupational Exposure prevention & control, Occupational Diseases prevention & control
Abstract

END-OF-CAREER AND END-OF-EXPOSURE VISITS Many legislative changes have been introduced in recent months concerning the activity of occupational physicians. Particular emphasis has been placed on the traceability of exposure and the resulting medical follow-up with the creation of end-of-career and end-of-exposure visits. These new features imply changes in terms of post-occupational monitoring in particular, but other appointments are obviously possible for workers in conjunction with their prevention and occupational health service., Competing Interests: Les auteurs déclarent n'avoir aucun lien d'intérêts.

Published
2022

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