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Drought stress is now a major abiotic factor influencing rice yield under the changing climatic conditions. IR58025B is one of the maintainer lines of the well-known WA CMS line (IR58025A) used in commercial rice hybrid production in India. The majority of rice hybrids are released for various ecosystem conditions using the three-line system. As a result, these derived rice hybrids suffer from drastic drop in yield under the conditions of moisture stress. To facilitate the efficient use of complex polygenic traits in hybrid rice molecular breeding research, we developed drought tolerant introgression lines in background of IR58025B by introgression of major QTL controlling grain yield under moisture stress into IR58025B by marker assisted backcrossing. To begin marker assisted back cross breeding for introgression of a desirable trait into a variety from the donor genotype, study of parental polymorphism is a pre-requisite. Unless the parents are polymorphic for the traits of interest, the further selection of plants carrying the traits of interest is not possible in the progenies. We screened all reported SSR primers linked to drought tolerance and observed RM 324 linked to qDTY2.1 and RM 520 linked to qDTY3.1 was polymorphic between Apo and IR58025B. Simultaneously we screened 300 full-genotype SSR markers covering entire genome and observed 88 SSR primers as polymorphic between IR58025B and Apo. After polymorphic survey, we evaluated Apo and IR5025B under moisture stress and control conditions and recorded significant differences among the parents. Apo performed well when compared to IR58025B for all the characters studied under stress conditions. Construction of a Linkage Map could be ensued procuring the generated genotyping data which could further avail QTL analysis and identification of markers linked to drought tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global car manufacturers have been actively exploring strategies to incorporate eco-friendly fiber materials into automotive interiors, with a particular focus on replacing traditional PET (polyethylene terephthalate) fabrics with recycled PET. Light fastness stands out as one of the most crucial features for fabrics utilized in automobile interiors, especially when exposed to sunlight. This is because the interior temperature of a vehicle subjected to sunlight can escalate rapidly, accelerating dye fading due to degradation caused by UV (ultraviolet) radiation. In this study, we undertook the dyeing of recycled PET by adjusting the concentration of anthraquinone-based dispersion dye, renowned for its exceptional light fastness, alongside varying the concentration of a light fastness enhancer. Subsequently, leveraging the dyeing data obtained from the fabric, we developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), a machine learning model. This model facilitates the computation of dyeing properties both before and after light fastness tests, enabling the prediction of color differences and light fastness ratings. The generated model underwent training and optimization, achieving R2 values exceeding 0.98 for all dependent variables. To verify the model's accuracy, computations were conducted on data not included in the dataset. The outcomes indicated that the model could predict dyeing qualities with an average absolute error of approximately 6% compared to the actual values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive consumption of chicken has resulted in the emergence of a significant environmental issue in the form of chicken feather waste. As such, there is an urgent need for the development of green treatment and recycling methods for chicken feathers. Chicken feathers can serve as a type of heteroatomic doping carbon source, making them an excellent candidate for the electrode materials used in electrochemical energy devices. Furthermore, their unique structures and functional groups make them highly promising for use as adsorbents, electronics, and building materials. In this paper, we provide a summary and review of recent progress made in the use of chicken feathers for energy and environmental applications. Based on the theoretical knowledge and practical applications presented in this review, promising green recycling processes of chicken feathers can be developed. These processes can help to reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the mechanical properties of graphene oxide (GO) is the primary challenge for applications in materials engineering. The degree of oxidation and concentration of epoxide functional groups have been the main focus of previous mechanochemical studies. This work uses the reactive molecular dynamic simulations to reveal that the mechanical behavior of GO is strongly dependent on the epoxide configuration as well as its distribution. In this study, three main epoxide configurations—including top, bridge, and reside groups—decorate monolayer GO sheets with linear and random distributions. The distortion associated with epoxide groups creates diamond-like structures controlling the mechanical properties. Moreover, the orientation of those epoxide functional groups with applied loads has a dramatic impact on the mechanical response of GO. The effect of external electric fields on the mechanical properties of GO is another objective of this study. Findings exhibit that the electric field enhances the tensile toughness. This study demonstrates new aspects of GO as a functional material with potentials to control the mechanical properties through chemical compositions as well as external electric fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different types of fibres in cementitious composites, particularly in concrete, are currently used for a number of reasons. Fibres are being added to improve mechanical properties (especially steel and glass fibres), to increase the durability - to reduce occurrence of microcracks during the concrete aging (mainly synthetic and cellulose fibres), or to increase the fire resistance (polypropylene fibres). Within the study, characterization of different types of alternative fibres (fibres generated during waste recycling that would otherwise end in incinerators or landfills) with possible use in cementitious composites. These were fibres from recycled PET bottles, paper, and mineral wool, whose properties were compared to the traditionally used cellulose and polypropylene fibres. In the experimental part, the thickness, length, shape, and surface of individual fibres were monitored by an optical microscope. Furthermore, the amount of heat of combustion was determined by the calorimetric method, and the differential thermal analysis (DTA) was carried out for determination of the impact of high temperature on monitored fibres. The microstructure of fibres was monitored using a scanning electron microscope. The focus of the experimental study was on fibres usable in concrete and capable of enduring high temperature stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering / Revista Română de Inginerie Civilă is the property of Matrix Rom and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Recent research illuminates a wide range of outcomes associated with COVID-19 illness, including neurological and cognitive dysfunction. While these associations have most often been examined among hospitalized patients, emerging research suggests that cognitive impairments following COVID-19 illness may not be exclusive to hospitalized or severely ill populations. The current study investigates the impact of COVID-19 infection on objective and subjective cognitive functioning among a sample of community-dwelling adults. Method: Cross-sectional data were collected online from a community sample of adults aged 19–67 years (N = 114; Mage = 41.91 years) to examine the associations between those with and without COVID-19 illness history on objective and subjective measures of cognitive functioning. Results: There were no significant differences between those with a history of COVID-19 infection (n = 57) and those without a history of COVID-19 infection (n = 57) in performance on digit span, digit symbol, choice reaction time, Stroop, and the N-back cognitive tasks. Within the COVID-19 positive group, individuals with long-haul (i.e., persisting four or more weeks) COVID-19 symptoms reported significantly greater impairments in subjective cognition compared to those with short-term COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions: The current findings provide important insight into the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive outcomes among adults drawn from the community. These results highlight the necessity to continue investigating potential factors that impact the course of COVID-19 illness in diverse populations with varying degrees of viral symptomatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lignans are a large group of dimeric phenylpropanoids with a long and distinguished history of medicinal use in the ancient cultures of many peoples. The two main groups, -aryltetralin and arylnaphthalene lignans, are leading compounds with important pharmacological properties and a wide range of biological activities. While the first group is well studied mainly for the production of podophyllotoxin, for arylnaphthalene lignans, the data on the availability of a sustainable resource for their production is are still insufficient. The Linum genus, comprising approximately 180 species, is notable for its arylnaphthalene lignans production like justicidin B and isojusticidin B. The pharmacological potential of arylnaphthalene lignans includes cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozoal effects. The review highlights the use of biotechnology by in vitro cultures for optimising lignan production. Structural elucidation of novel lignans underscores the ongoing diversity and potential discoveries in this botanical domain, providing an important additional information of arylnaphthalene lignans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural products are treasure houses for modern drug discovery. Diphyllin is a natural arylnaphthalene lignan lactone isolated from the leaf of Astilboides tabularis. Studies have found that it possesses plenty of bioactivity characteristics. In this paper, we reviewed the structure, bioactivity, and mechanism of action of diphyllin and its derivatives. The references were obtained from PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases up to August 2023. Papers without a bio-evaluation were excluded. Diphyllin and its derivatives have demonstrated V-ATPase inhibition, anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-biofilm, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. The most studied activities of diphyllin and its derivatives are V-ATPase inhibition, anti-tumor activities, and anti-virus activities. Furthermore, V-ATPase inhibition activity is the mechanism of many bioactivities, including anti-tumor, anti-virus, and anti-inflammatory activities. We also found that the galactosylated modification of diphyllin is a common phenomenon in plants, and therefore, galactosylated modification is applied by researchers in the laboratory to obtain more excellent diphyllin derivatives. This review will provide useful information for the development of diphyllin-based anti-tumor and anti-virus compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Suicide premeditation is a critical factor to consider when assessing suicide risk. Understanding which individuals are more or less likely to plan their suicidal behavior can shed light on how suicidal thoughts turn into actions. Method: The present study used psychological autopsy data to identify factors associated with level of premeditation among 131 adults who died by suicide. Results: Logistic regression analyses indicated that suicide decedents with higher premeditation scores had higher odds of being diagnosed with a depressive disorder and choosing a violent suicide method, specifically a firearm. Individuals with lower premeditation scores had higher odds of being diagnosed with a polysubstance use disorder. Conclusion: Suicide decedents exhibiting greater premeditation before their deaths were different in several ways from suicide decedents exhibiting less premeditation. A better understanding of suicide premeditation can ultimately aid in the development of improved risk assessments and targeted safety interventions for those struggling with suicidal thoughts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bond between polymer fibers and the surrounding cementitious matrix is essential for the development of concrete reinforcement. The single fiber pull‐out test (SFPT) is the standard characterization technique for testing the bond strength. However, the different phases of debonding cannot be distinguished by the SFPT. This study investigates the debonding of different polymer fibers from the surrounding cementitious matrix with a modified SFPT and proposes methods to change the SFPT setup to generate more valuable information on the debonding mechanism. The SFPT was equipped with linear variable differential transformers (LVDT), digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) analysis. The results demonstrate that the modified SFPT allows a better understanding of the different phases of debonding during fiber pull‐out. Furthermore, bond strength values calculated by different methods reveal that the chemical bond of the investigated polymers is not different as reported by previous studies. Deformation measurements performed using LVDTs and DIC are suitable measuring techniques to characterize the debonding mechanism in SFPT. A correlation between recorded AE and debonding phases was not found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with both self-reported (subjective) cognitive complaints and deficits in neurocognitive (objective) measures, but the correspondence between subjective and objective measures of cognition is low. This cross-sectional study aimed to (1) assess the association between subjective and objective measures of executive functions (EFs), and (2) explore factors associated with the discrepancy between subjective and objective EFs in MDD. Sixty-two participants with current or previous mild to moderate MDD and subjective EF complaints completed a clinical trial baseline assessment. An objective EF composite score was drawn from six neurocognitive measures, while the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult version was applied as a measure of subjective EF. The association between the subjective and objective composites was evaluated using Spearman's rank order correlation. A discrepancy score was calculated to quantify the difference between subjective and objective EF. Factors associated with the discrepancy score were analyzed using regression analysis (p <.05). Participants reported extensive EF difficulties, but most performed in the normal range on objective EF measures. A weak correlation was detected between the subjective and objective measures (rs =.015). More rumination (β = −.364) and higher IQ (β = −.420) were associated with reporting more subjective complaints than was evident from objective measures of EF (i.e., underestimation). Subjective and objective EF measures are weakly overlapping in MDD. Findings underscore recommendations to include both subjective and objective measures when assessing EFs in depression. In addition, findings suggest that targeting ruminative processes could help correct underestimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive deficits are common and disabling residual symptoms following major depressive disorder (MDD) and are related to increased risk of relapse. Residual cognitive deficits should thus be considered an important target for treatment. However, few have reported long-term outcomes of interventions targeting residual cognitive deficits. Objective: This study aimed to (1) investigate change between pre-treatment and 2-year follow-up assessments in cognitive deficits, rumination, and symptoms of MDD after an internet-delivered intervention targeting residual cognitive deficits; (2) to investigate stability in outcomes between 6-month and 2-year follow-up assessments; (3) to report the number of participants' experiencing a new episode of MDD in the follow-up period; and (4) to investigate differences in outcomes between those who experienced a new episode of MDD and those who did not. Methods: A total of 43 partly remitted adults were included to test a guided internet-delivered intervention, which consisted of 10 modules involving psychoeducation, cognitive strategies, and attention training. Participants were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, after 6-months, and after 2-years, with measures assessing self-reported residual cognitive deficits, rumination, symptoms of MDD and relapse. Overall, 32 participants completed the 2-year follow-up assessment. Results: Between the pre-treatment and 2-year follow-up assessments, there was a reduction in cognitive deficits and rumination, while there was an increase in symptoms of MDD. Cognitive deficits were stable between the 6-month and the 2-year follow-up, while there was an increase in rumination and symptoms of MDD. Thirteen of 32 participants reported a new episode of MDD during the follow-up period. The relapse group reported longer duration of MDD at pre-treatment and showed a difference in all outcomes after 2 years compared to the no-relapse group. The no-relapse group showed improvement in MDD symptoms at post-treatment, while the relapse group did not. Conclusion: Delivering cognitive enhancement interventions over the internet is potentially related to stable improvements in residual cognitive deficits. The effects on rumination and symptoms of MDD are less certain. Lack of improvement in MDD symptoms after the intervention period should be investigated as an indicator of relapse. Results should be interpreted with caution due to the lack of control group and sample size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to conventional civil engineering materials in existing structures as externally applied systems for strengthening purposes, and in new structures as internal reinforcements in the form of bars, meshes, and strands. The next phase of development in the application of FRPs in concrete structures could culminate in elements possessing both internal and external FRP systems simultaneously. With these advancements in the application of FRP in civil engineering, it is conceivable that traditional steel reinforcements could become obsolete in certain aggressive and hostile environments, such as coastal areas. Although higher durability and performance are associated with FRP materials in some respects when compared to steel, concerns remain regarding the damage and defects in this material, many of them related to their unique features. Regardless, similarly to other structural materials, it is necessary to understand the damage and defects associated with the use of FRP composites, as well as to identify their sources. This knowledge will support the positive prospects for FRP technology, promoting its application in civil infrastructure. Accordingly, this study investigated the types, characteristics, and identification of the observed or expected damage and defects associated with using FRP in reinforced and strengthened concrete elements. The damage was classified according to location and time of initiation. In addition, the sources of these defects and damage were determined, and a damage etiology was established for preventing the occurrence of such damage in future use. The results of this study are intended to provide the background for the development of a guide and training material for the inspection of structures that use FRP materials. The ability to inspect and properly maintain structures containing FRP will result in the enhanced durability and service life of concrete structures reinforced or strengthened with FRP materials. With advancements in the application of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) in civil engineering and the development of practical means for its use in design and construction, it is conceivable that traditional steel reinforcements could become obsolete in certain aggressive and hostile environments, such as coastal areas. Although higher durability and performance is associated with FRP when compared to steel, concerns remain regarding the potential damage and defects that could be associated with its use. To help the owners of concrete structures feel comfortable with this relatively new application, guides and procedures are needed that will support the inspection and detection of potential damage in FRP. For this, it is necessary to understand the damage and defects that can occur in externally and internally applied FRP, and to be able to identify their sources. In this study, we investigated the types, characteristics, and identification of observed or expected damage and defects associated with using FRP in reinforced and strengthened concrete elements. In addition, the sources of these defects and damage were determined and a damage etiology established as a basis for developing a guide and training materials for the inspection of structures that use FRP materials. An accurate understanding of such damage and its sources could be used for maintenance and preventive measures for structures that were constructed using FRP materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis, a unique regulated cell death modality that is morphologically and mechanistically different from other forms of cell death, plays a vital role in the pathophysiological process of neurodegenerative diseases, and strokes. Accumulating evidence supports ferroptosis as a critical factor of neurodegenerative diseases and strokes, and pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for these diseases. In this review article, the core mechanisms of ferroptosis are overviewed and the roles of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases and strokes are described. Finally, the emerging findings in treating neurodegenerative diseases and strokes through pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis are described. This review demonstrates that pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis by bioactive small‐molecule compounds (ferroptosis inhibitors) could be effective for treatments of these diseases, and highlights a potential promising therapeutic avenue that could be used to prevent neurodegenerative diseases and strokes. This review article will shed light on developing novel therapeutic regimens by pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis to slow down the progression of these diseases in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the optimum geometrical and operating parameters of supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) flow through a straight pipe for enhanced heat transferusing the Response Surface Method (RSM). Inlet pressure, inlet temperature, mass flow rate, and pipe inner diameter are selected as design variables while Nusselt number (Nu) and pressure drop are chosen as response functions. The ranges of the input variables considered in the study are inlet pressures (7–10 MPa), inlet temperature (35–80 °C), mass flowrate (0.02–0.05 kg/s), and tube inner diameter (2.8–4.5 mm). The accuracy and validity of the developed mathematical models are validated by comparing the simulation results with published experimental values. The sensitivity analysis results of Nu indicated that the best heat transfer in ScCO2 cooling is found to be associated with the lowest inlet pressure and temperature, the lowest tube diameter, and the highest mass flow rate. Moreover, the best flow conditions with minimum pressure drop are associated with the highest and lowest inlet pressure and temperature, respectively, as well as the highest tube diameter and lowest mass flow rate. These parameter combinations could help reduce the pumping power associated with a high pressure drop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Approximately half of those who attempt suicide report experiencing suicidal ideation and suicidal planning in advance; others deny these experiences. Some researchers have hypothesized that rapid intensification is due to past suicidal ideation and/or behaviors that are "mentally shelved" but remain available for rapid access later. Method: To evaluate this hypothesis, we examined (a) temporal sequencing of suicidal ideation, suicidal planning, and suicidal behavior, and (b) speed of emergence of suicidal behavior in a prospective cohort study of 2744 primary care patients. Results: Of 52 patients reporting suicidal behavior during follow‐up, 20 (38.5%) reported suicidal ideation and planning prior to their suicidal behavior, 23 (44.2%) reported suicidal ideation but not planning, and nine (17.3%) denied both suicidal ideation and planning. Over half (n = 30, 57.7%) reported the onset of suicidal ideation and/or planning on the same day as or after their suicidal behavior (i.e., rapid intensification). Rapid intensification was not associated with increased likelihood of reporting recent or past suicidal ideation, planning, or behaviors, suggesting rapid intensification does not depend on prior experience with suicidal ideation and/or behaviors. Conclusion: Detecting primary care patients at risk for this form of suicidal behavior may be limited even with universal suicide risk screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are beneficial in various applications such as gas separation, catalysis, wastewater treatment, and dye removal. The current study proposes a novel approach to the use of the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67), a subfamily of MOFs, in cement composites. ZIF-67 nanoparticles were synthesized in the laboratory and analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). ZIF-67 nanocrystals were incorporated in the cement matrix at a concentration of 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, and 0.6% by weight of cement. The influence of ZIF-67 nanoparticles on the workability, mechanical strength, and microstructure was thoroughly investigated. The workability of cement paste was hindered by the addition of ZIF-67. The compressive strength of ZIF-67 cement composites was enhanced by 27.81% at 3 days and 20.36% at 28 days. This was attributed to the densification of microstructure. The optimum content of ZIF-67 in cement composites among the selected concentrations was determined to be 0.6% by weight of cement. The microstructure images revealed the pore-filling mechanism of ZIF-67 in cement composition as well as in providing additional nuclei sites for the hydration products. It was concluded that ZIF-67 nanoparticles act as a nonreactive filler in cement composites. There exists a huge potential for use of ZIFs in cement composites, which is yet to be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Clínica Contemporánea: Revista de Diagnóstico Psicológico, Psicoterapia y Salud is the property of Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Concrete is poorly tensile in strength and susceptible to cracking. Therefore, researchers have explored the incorporation of PET fibres into concrete as reinforcement. PET is a polymer commonly used in food and beverage packaging, and textile industry. This study reviews the fresh and hardened properties of recycled PET fibre-reinforced concrete (rPET-FRC). The workability, compressive, tensile, and flexural strength are investigated under factors such as rPET fibre volume, dimensions, water–cement ratio, and the use of blended cement. This review includes experimental results of previously conducted rPET-FRC research along with results gained from rPET-FRC where the rPET fibres are obtained from the same recycling plant. Furthermore, the experimental results are broadly elaborated by explaining the reasons behind the obtained results. This review is a valuable reference that offers insights into the effectiveness of rPET fibres in enhancing concrete's overall mechanical properties. By highlighting the most effective rPET fibre volume fractions, water-cement ratios, and the influence of blended cement, this review enables researchers to optimise the design and application of rPET-FRC, promoting sustainable and innovative solutions in the global infrastructure sector. Further studies to be carried out in the future are recommended and existing research gaps related to rPET-FRC are also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to investigate a novel corrosion-resistant and lightweight structural member by performing experiments on GFRP reinforced columns containing polypropylene structural fibers (GPSC columns) under different loading conditions. This study consisted of ten (10) columns to determine their failure modes, axial deformations, axial load-carrying capacity (ALC), and cracking behavior under compressive loads. Out of ten fabricated columns, one column was manufactured using conventional steel reinforcement for comparison purposes. An extensive finite element analysis (FEA) has been performed for capturing the structural performance of GPSC columns. The GPSC columns presented a good structural behavior in terms of ALC and axial deformations showing failure in the upper half portion. The conventional steel reinforced column presented higher ALC and ductility than its GFRP-reinforced counterpart did by 9.1% and 27.1%, respectively. The decrease in the spacing of transverse reinforcement from 250 mm to 150 mm and 150 mm to 75 mm resulted in the increase of ALC by about 5% and 6%, respectively. The three-dimensional FEA model captured the compressive performance of GPSC columns with minor deviations (3% and 7.85% for peak capacity and relevant deformations of GPSC columns). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the influence of refrigerant charge amount and discharge pressure on a CO2 heat pump system of an electric bus, an experiment setup was built. Tests were carried out in an enthalpy difference chamber to obtain the coefficient of performance and heating capacity of the system at each operating condition. The influence of operation parameters—including refrigerant charge amount, ambient temperature, outlet temperature of gas cooler, and compressor speed—was considered in this experiment. The results showed that the system performance was influenced by charge amount, and the minimum charge amount was 6.8 kg. The charge amount was almost independent of the ambient temperature, but the system performance was more sensitive to the charge amount at low temperatures. The optimal high-pressure relationship for this CO2 heat pump is popt = 0.162Tgc.out − 0.016Tamb + 2.668, which was fitted considering both the outlet temperature of the gas cooler and the ambient temperature. Meanwhile, the low-temperature performance test (–22 °C) showed that this CO2 heat pump system can meet the operation requirements of city buses at low temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The death/suicide implicit association test (IAT) may be more resilient to accurately assess suicide risk than self-reports. We examined the IAT in 130 patients with depression and 125 healthy controls, along with self-reported suicidal ideation. IAT could differentiate patients with suicide attempts from patients without suicide attempts and controls. IAT measures were significantly correlated to explicit suicidal ideation and clinical symptoms in patients. Moreover, the IAT-symptom correlations were significant in female but not male patients. The IAT showed promise as a valid tool to estimate suicide risk in patients with depression and may be particularly useful in female patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In newly produced vehicles, the low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant must be charged instead of conventional high GWP media according to the environmental regulations. For these needs, the CO2 cooling system is re-attracted as green technology in the automobile field. However, the conventional CO2 system has the drawback that it sharply declines the cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) when the hot ambient conditions. To enhance the COP of a CO2 air conditioner, the mechanical subcooling cycle is introduced in this study. But the subcooling cycle requires installing additional heat exchangers. In the automobile application which has limited install space, the design of heat exchangers should be considered for adopting the subcooling cycle. Thus, in this study, numerical models were built to predict the COP by changing the heat exchangers. In addition, an optimal method is used to determine the maximum COP. The results show that the COP improves when applying the subcooling cycle, and the maximum COP is determined based on the thermodynamic states at the outlets of the gas cooler and the subcooler. Meanwhile, the refrigerant types do not substantially affect the COP. While the COP is improved with the use of larger heat exchangers and fans, the rate of improvement gradually decreases. In the optimum efficiency calculation, the power consumption of fans should be considered, and the proper heat exchanger and fan should be designed accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growth Kinetic of HRL6 and ARL1 and Accumulation of Justicidin B Since secondary metabolites are mostly synthetized during the exponential phase [[32]], the elicitor treatments and/or precursor feeding were applied to root cultures just entered in this period. Effects of Elicitors and/or Precursor Feeding Treatments on Phenols and Antioxidant Acti... Based on the growth kinetics of root cultures (Figure 2A), the elicitor treatments started 21 days after the inoculum of the roots in a liquid medium; then, the cultures were allowed to grow for a further 7 days. I Linum i , the largest genus of the family I Linaeceae i , has attracted considerable interest for its lignan content, including the most commonly known aryltetralin lignan such as podophyllotoxin and the arylnaphthalene lignan such as justicidin B. This last compound exhibits a wide array of biological activities ranging from piscicidal to antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidant. In this work, adventitious and hairy roots were developed from I Linum lewisii i for the production of the arylnaphthalene lignan justicidin B, the assessment of total phenol content, and the antioxidant activity and the effect of several elicitors. Keywords: antioxidant capacity; elicitation; flax; justicidin B; lignans; precursor feeding; tissue cultures EN antioxidant capacity elicitation flax justicidin B lignans precursor feeding tissue cultures N.PAG N.PAG 18 08/29/22 20220801 NES 220801 1. [Extracted from the article]

Ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) features outstanding durability properties in uncracked state, although its composition based on very low water/cement ratios may result in a higher risk of early-age cracking due to increased shrinkage. This paper, based on research performed in the framework of the H2020 project ReSHEALience, studied aggressive chemical exposure conditions. A UHPFRC reference mix with 0.8% crystalline admixtures (CAs) and two other mixes, one containing 0.25% alumina nanofibers (ANFs) and one containing 0.15% cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), both by weight of cement, were investigated. This study analyzed the synergy between CA and the nanoconstituents (ANF and CNC) on the physical, chemical, mechanical, and durability properties the and self-healing capacity of uncracked and cracked UHPFRC. The results showed that the presence of nanoadditives improves the mechanical properties independently of environmental curing conditions, refines the pore structure, favors cement hydration, and improves the intrinsic durability with a Cl and water transport reduction. Moreover, in the cracked state, nanoconstituents improved the self-sealing and self-healing capacity of specimens immersed in geothermal water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the hydrothermal effect on the buckling behavior of glass/aramid/epoxy hybrid composites under distilled and seawater environments. The four types of composite groups ([G6]S, [A6]S, [G3A3]S, [A3G3]S) produced by vacuum infusion method were immersed in distilled and seawater at 25 and 70°C for 1000 h. The buckling test was carried out for dry, wet, and redried conditions. The periodic measurements showed that as temperature increases, the maximum water gain ratios also increase for all composite groups. Furthermore, the water absorption parameters were affected by the type of fluids. The buckling test results showed that both temperature and fluid type are effective on the critical buckling load of specimens. The increase in the critical buckling load of the hybrid samples tested in the redried state was less than the samples tested in the wet state for both temperatures. Moreover, the critical buckling loads of the composites aged in seawater were higher than the composites aged in distilled water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, the use of nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO) with their noticeable potential for reinforcing cement derivatives has been considered. Unfortunately, the poor dispersion of graphene oxide in cement matrix due to the high alkalinity of the environment has disrupted the final performance of cementitious composites. In this study, GO was modified in a synthesis process with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and was coated with Nano-SiO2 (NS) particles, and NS and GO (NS&GO) nanohybrid was prepared. The dispersion behavior of NS&GO nanohybrid was examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and a map analysis. Also, natural zeolite with high pozzolanic activity was used in order to reduce the alkalinity of the cement environment. In order to compare single and hybrid effects of NS&GO, eight mortar mixtures were considered, and their mechanical, durability, and transfer properties were evaluated. The results showed that the mortar which contained NS&GO nanohybrid and 15% zeolite (by mass of cement) had the best results. These results indicate that the formation of covalent bonds between the silica coating and the carboxylate groups of GO reduces the agglomeration of GO nanosheets. Also, zeolite prevents the formation of O─ Ca─ O bonds by consuming portlandite and reducing Ca+2 ions in the cement environment. Finally, NS&GO nanohybrid through nucleation performance and zeolite through pozzolanic properties improved the durability properties of mortars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to examine the possibility that there are multiple pathways to suicidal behavior by conducting a fine‐grained investigation of the relationship between suicidal thought content and suicidal behavior. Methods: Six thousand two hundred US adults completed self‐report measures of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Results: About 36.0% of participants with a lifetime suicide attempt denied ever experiencing any active suicidal thoughts and 11.0% denied ever experiencing any suicidal thoughts; 53.8% of recent attempters denied recent active suicidal thoughts and 22.6% denied any recent suicidal thoughts. Additionally, the sole presence of passive suicidal ideation was associated with increased odds of lifetime and past‐month suicide attempts. Conclusions: These findings suggest that there are likely multiple pathways to suicide, some of which do not involve progressively worsening suicidal thoughts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rebar has emerged as one of the most promising and affordable solutions to the brittle failure problems of ordinary FRP rebar in concrete structures. Hybrid FRP rebar stress-strain curves are linearly elastic, and contain a definite yield point followed by plastic deformation. In this study, the long-term durability performance of hybrid FRP rebar is evaluated. The mechanical properties and durability of one type of carbon FRP rebar, one type of glass FRP rebar, and two types of hybrid FRP rebars are investigated. The rebar specimens are exposed to twelve different environments, including an alkaline solution, an acid solution, a salt solution, deionized water, and repeated freezing and thawing. Short-beam, tensile, and bond tests are used to analyze the mechanical properties and durability of the rebar. The experimental results confirm the desirable resistance of hybrid FRP rebar to aggressive environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]