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The results of the analysis of radar studies of hail processes over the territories of Georgia and Azerbaijan on May 28 and July 13, 2019 are presented. Based on the values of the maximum size of hailstones in clouds, using the Zimenkov-Ivanov model, the expected sizes of hailstones falling on the earth's surface are calculated. The degree of damage to vineyards, wheat and corn, depending on the size of the hail, was determined by summarizing the known data on damage to these crops at different kinetic energy of hail and data on the average kinetic energy of hail of different magnitudes. Based on this compilation, regression equations were obtained for the relationship between the degree of damage to these crops and the size of hailstones, which have the form of a sixth degree of a polynomial. According to this equation, calculations were made of the degree of maximum damage to vineyards, wheat and corn along the trajectories of hail clouds over the territories of Georgia and Azerbaijan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild grapevine - Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris - ancestors of cultivated grapevines are the main players in understanding the molecular bases of the grapevine domestication process. The goal of the presented research was to assess the genetic diversity of wild grapevine samples from several regions encompassing Europe (Spain, France, Germany, Hungary, Greece), the Mediterranean basin (Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco), and South Caucasus (Georgia), using a complete chloroplast DNA sequencing. The results suggest the existence of three different chloroplast DNA haplotypes reflecting the geographical distribution of the analyzed samples. This study represents the first report focused on analysis of a wide range of wild grapevine samples (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris), applying next-generation technologies, and tracing the grapevine ancestry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Timely and safe elective health care facilitates return to normal activities for patients and prevents emergency admissions. Surgery is a cornerstone of elective care and relies on complex pathways. This study aimed to take a whole-system approach to evaluating access to and quality of elective health care globally, using inguinal hernia as a tracer condition., Methods: This was a prospective, international, cohort study conducted between Jan 30 and May 21, 2023, in which any hospital performing inguinal hernia repairs was eligible to take part. Consecutive patients of any age undergoing primary inguinal hernia repair were included. A measurement set mapped to the attributes of WHO's Health System Building Blocks was defined to evaluate access (emergency surgery rates, bowel resection rates, and waiting times) and quality (mesh use, day-case rates, and postoperative complications). These were compared across World Bank income groups (high-income, upper-middle-income, lower-middle-income, and low-income countries), adjusted for hospital and country. Factors associated with postoperative complications were explored with a three-level multilevel logistic regression model., Findings: 18 058 patients from 640 hospitals in 83 countries were included, of whom 1287 (7·1%) underwent emergency surgery. Emergency surgery rates increased from high-income to low-income countries (6·8%, 9·7%, 11·4%, 14·2%), accompanied by an increase in bowel resection rates (1·2%, 1·4%, 2·3%, 4·2%). Overall waiting times for elective surgery were similar around the world (median 8·0 months from symptoms to surgery), largely because of delays between symptom onset and diagnosis rather than waiting for treatment. In 14 768 elective operations in adults, mesh use decreased from high-income to low-income countries (97·6%, 94·3%, 80·6%, 61·0%). In patients eligible for day-case surgery (n=12 658), day-case rates were low and variable (50·0%, 38·0%, 42·1%, 44·5%). Complications occurred in 2415 (13·4%) of 18 018 patients and were more common after emergency surgery (adjusted odds ratio 2·06, 95% CI 1·72-2·46) and bowel resection (1·85, 1·31-2·63), and less common after day-case surgery (0·39, 0·34-0·44)., Interpretation: This study demonstrates that elective health care is essential to preventing over-reliance on emergency systems. We identified actionable targets for system strengthening: clear referral pathways and increasing mesh repair in lower-income settings, and boosting day-case surgery in all income settings. These measures might strengthen non-surgical pathways too, reducing the burden on society and health services., Funding: NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery and Portuguese Hernia and Abdominal Wall Society (Sociedade Portuguesa de Hernia e Parede Abdominal)., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests MP reports a project research grant from the Portuguese Hernia and Abdominal Wall Society (Sociedade Portuguesa de Hernia e Parede Abdominal). AB reports a Global Health Research Unit grant from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

The semantics of cultural diversity, based on the political discourses of immigration as they appear in integration and anti-racist policies in Andalusia, underline the sense of Otherness of immigrant groups. In this article, Castaño, Martínez and Periáñez focus on the most relevant texts in the Planes Integrales para la Inmigración en Andalucía (Comprehensive Plans for Immigration in Andalusia). To date, these texts have formed the most significant discursive framework for representations of the third sector, trade unions and public agencies involved in the management of diversity. The key ideas in the plans revolve around transnational political references in the context of the European Union (EU). They impose a sense of Europeanness on Andalusia that is in opposition to its historical heritage, endogenous diversity and cultural specificity, and thus steer the imaginary of Andalusia's identity towards a Eurocentric idea that enhances the region's peripheral position. Immigration is regarded in the hegemonic media discourse and the social imaginary as a risk and a social problem. Integration policies, despite being couched in anti-racist rhetoric, are specifically targeted at immigrants, further enhancing the idea of Otherness. The notion of interculturality is the leitmotiv of these policies. In practical terms, however, action is limited to empty measures in the field of education. These policies, in sum, neutralize, rather than reinforce, the sense of equality on which interculturality is based. The examination of the intertextuality of Andalusian, Spanish and European discourses reveals the conformity of the discourse of Andalusia's coloniality within the framework of the EU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The following 18 generic names are recommended for conservation: Calanthe vs. Phaius, Cyanorkis, and Gastorkis, Dipteryx vs. Baryosma, Distichia Nees & Meyen vs. Distichia (Brid.) Brid., Dracontomelon with conserved type, Graffenrieda vs. Centronia, Holothrix vs. Bartholina, Ipomoea with new conserved type, Lepisorus vs. Lemmaphyllum and Neocheiropteris and vs. Macroplethus, Leptopteris C. Presl vs. Leptopteris Brongn., Melanocenchris vs. Gracilea, Meniocus with conserved type, Paepalanthus vs. Tonina, Paramongaia vs. Callithauma, Stenokalyx J. Schiller vs. Stenocalyx O. Berg, Telosma vs. Stephanotella, Weberbauerocereus with conserved type, Withania with new conserved type, and Zephyranthes vs. Sprekelia. The following four generic names are not recommended for conservation: Cheilocostus vs. Hellenia and Tsiana, Eremophila vs. Bontia, Myoporum, and Andreusia, Kissenia vs. Cnidone, and Phyllocarpus vs. Tapanhuacanga. No recommendation is made regarding proposals to conserve the generic names Astroloba vs. Poellnitzia, Hypopitys with conserved type, Parakeelya vs. Rumicastrum, or Tetraria with conserved type. The generic name Tutuca is recommended for rejection. The tribal name Antiarideae is not recommended for rejection. The following 49 species names are recommended for conservation: Aloe glauca with conserved type, Aloe melanacantha vs. A. muricata, Anacardium humile vs. A. mediterraneum, Andropogon ischaemum with conserved type, Apeiba tibourbou with conserved type, Asparagus draco with that spelling, Asplenium erosum with conserved type, Betula humilis Schrank vs. B. humilis Marshall, Blechnum indicum with conserved type, Bromus inermis with conserved type, Campanula cochleariifolia vs. C. bellardii, Cassyta baccifera vs. Cactus parasiticus, Centaurea axillaris with conserved type, Cereus imbricatus with conserved type, Chenopodium giganteum with conserved type, Chenopodium quinoa vs. C. purpurascens and C. punctulatum, Cola cauliflora with conserved type, Coronilla minima with conserved type, Crotalaria ramosissima vs. C. pellita, Cycas pectinata with conserved type, Dalbergia monetaria vs. Pterocarpus ovalis, Datura innoxia with that spelling, Dendrobium ×gracillimum vs. D. ×nitidum, Grewia rhamnifolia with conserved type, Habenaria longicornu with that spelling, Hedyotis caudatifolia vs. H. hui, Lepidium pumilum vs. L. descemetii, Micropera rostrata (Roxb.) N.P. Balakr. vs. M. rostrata (Sacc. & Ellis) Höhn., Myrtus cauliflora vs. Guapurium peruvianum, Nepenthes ×hookeriana with conserved type, Oncidium barbaceniae with conserved type, Pandanus ornatus Kurz vs. P. ornatus W. Bull with a conserved type, Panicum crus‐galli with conserved type, Philippodendrum regium vs. Betula bella, Pinus halepensis with conserved type, Plumeria alba with conserved type, Polypodium adiantiforme vs. P. adianthoides, Polypodium rigidulum vs. P. simplex, Rheedia gardneriana vs. Tovomita calyptrata, Rhododendron ponticum with conserved type, Rubus parviflorus Nutt. vs. R. parviflorus Weston, Senecio palmatisectus vs. S. pelleifolius, Silene linearis Decne. vs. S. linearis Sweet, Stipa ucrainica P.A. Smirn. vs. S. ucranica Roem. & Schult., Talauma fistulosa with conserved type, Teucrium polium with conserved type, Tontelia attenuata vs. Matenus amygdalina, Tragopogon hirsutus with conserved type, and Verbena fluminensis vs. V. pseudogervao. The following eight species names are not recommended for conservation: Androsace bulleyana vs. A. coccinea, Centaurea crocata Franco vs. C. crocata Gand., Lycopodium mirabile with conserved type (because the proposal is unnecessary), Papaver pseudo‐orientale (Fedde) Medw. vs. P. ×pseudo‐orientale E.G. Camus, Photinia glomerata vs. P. griffithii, Primula sinensis Sabine ex Lindl. vs. P. sinensis Lour., Stenoptera montana vs. Prescottia pteristyloides, and Vitis sylvestris C.C. Gmel. vs. V. sylvestris W. Bartram. No recommendation is made regarding proposals to conserve the species names Acer heptaphlebium vs. A. taiwanense, Heliamphora heterodoxa with conserved type, Polystichum omeiense vs. P. caruifolium, Statice minuta with conserved type. The following 15 species names are recommended for rejection: Acrostichum webbii, Agave expatriata, Amomum grana‐paradisi, Atriplex bengalensis, Chloranthus elatior, Cleome capensis, Commelina carnea, Iris biflora, Maytenus tovarensis, Orobanche rubi, Radermachia rotunda, Thymus cephalotos, Trevia hernandiifolia, Tutuca chilensis, and Tutuca fistulosa. The following three species names are not recommended for rejection: Hypochaeris urens, Lippia riedeliana, and Lunaria perennis. No recommendation is made regarding the proposal to reject the species name Statice reticulata. The suppression of Diels, Plantae Chinenses Forrestianae, is recommended. It is recommended that Ferdinanda Lag. and Ferdinandia Welw. ex Seem., Garretia Welw. and Garrettia H.R. Fletcher, and P. nilgherensis (Kuntze) Govaerts & Chakrab. and Psychotria nilgiriensis Deb & M. Gangop. be treated as homonyms. The Committee recommends against making binding decisions on whether Argostemma and Agrostemma, Gymnostachys and Gymnostachyum, Aspidium stenopteris and A. stenopteron, or Sideritis ×arizagana and S. ×arizagae, should be treated as homonyms, since they certainly should not be. It is recommended that Agave lophantha, Cinchona cordifolia, C. lancifolia, C. oblongifolia, C. ovalifolia, Euphorbia candelabrum, and Kalanchoe delagoensis be treated as validly published. The Committee recommends against making binding decisions regarding the adequacy of descriptive statements associated with Alsophila brunoniana Wall. and "Polypodium contaminans Wall.", in the latter case because it was certainly not validly published. No recommendation is made regarding the request for a binding decision on the adequacy of the descriptive statement associated with Thea dormoyana Less. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide., Methods: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters., Results: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 per cent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien-Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 per cent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 per cent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle- compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries., Conclusion: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761)., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Society Ltd.)

Introduction. Gallbladder agenesis (GA) is a rare congenital malformation, and majority are asymptomatic; however, symptomatic patients present with a clinical picture similar to biliary colic. Work up usually shows contracted gallbladder (GB) on ultrasound (US), and HIDA scan shows nonvisualization. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) can be helpful in the diagnosis; however, the diagnosis without the latter can only be established intraoperatively. Management should be conservative treatment with antispasmodic drugs. Case Report. A 35-year-old female presented to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and worsening right upper quadrant (RUQ) abdominal pain. Vitals and laboratory values were unremarkable except for mild leukocytosis, and RUQ US reported "contracted GB, cholelithiasis, 4.2 mm wall thickness, and no ductal dilation." Surgical consultation was prompted by the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. The patient was transferred to the operating room for laparoscopic cholecystectomy; however, no GB was found, which was confirmed by intraoperative indocyanine green cholangiography. The procedure was aborted. Postoperatively, CT scan showed absent GB. A HIDA scan showed nonvisualization of the GB after 4 hours. Gastroenterology consultation was suggested to assess for peptic ulcer disease, stricture, or other etiology for her presenting symptoms, and the upper endoscopy showed gastritis. Upper GI with small bowel follow-through study showed mild delayed gastric emptying and contrast in the colon in 45 minutes. Conclusion. When US imaging findings are equivocal for nonvisualization of GB in a patient with no known history of prior cholecystectomy, additional imaging is required considering the diagnosis of gallbladder agenesis. MRCP is the test of choice. Management is usually conservative with smooth muscle relaxants without the need for surgical operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Onkologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of the anterior technique for abdominal wall components separation combined with "onlay" alloplasty (ACST + onlay) in giant incisional hernias (IH) may pose a surgical challenge as it does not exclude increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and the occurrence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). There remains a high incidence of surgical site complications. In our view, the use of intra-abdominal alloplasty combined with anterior separation of the anterior abdominal wall components (ACST + IPOM) will contribute to the improvement of surgical outcomes in giant IH. Purpose: to improve the results of surgical treatment of giant IH using ACST + IPOM. Materials and methods: Analysis of surgical treatment of 164 patients with giant IH aged 30 to 75 (mean age 54.7 ± 3.3). Depending on the surgery, the patients were divided into two groups. Group I (82 patients) consisted of patients who underwent our modified technique, including ACST + IPOM. The surgery in group II (82 patients) involved ACST + onlay. Results and discussion: As compared with ACST + onlay, ACST + IPOM surgery contributes to a significantly reduced incidence of ACS [6.1% (group II) versus 0 (group I), (p <0.05)], seroma [25.6% versus 7.3%, p <0.05], surgical site infection (SSI) [4.9% versus 2.4%, p> 0.05], meshoma [3.7% versus 0] and hernia recurrences [6.5% versus 1.6%, p> 0.05]. Conclusions: IAP value equal or exceeding 9.1 mmHg (1.2 kPa) during surgery in approximated rectus muscles is prognostic for ACS occurrence and requires intraoperative preventive measures. Utilization of ACST + IPOM in giant IH ensures an optimal abdominal cavity volume without a substantial increase in IAP and reduces the probability of ACS, whereas the use of ACST + onlay results in ACN in 6.1% (p <0.05) patients. Reduced contact of the mesh with the subcutaneous tissue in ACST + IPOM contributes to a significantly lower incidence of seroma [7.3% vs 25.6% (p <0.05)], surgical site infection (SSI) [2.4% vs 4.9% (p> 0.05)], postoperative wound infiltrate [2 (2.4%) vs. 11 (13.4%) (p <0.05)], chronic postsurgical pain [1 (1.6%) vs. 5 (8.1%) (p> 0.05)] and recurrent IH [1 (1.6%) vs. 4 (6.5%) (p> 0.05)] as compared with ACST + onlay technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Onkologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Key Clinical Message Appendiceal mucoceles ( AMs) infrequently arise from an underlying malignancy. Treatment has progressed toward a less aggressive approach over time; they can be managed by appendectomy-only unless pathology reveals malignancy. The ultimate goal of management is to prevent AM rupture, avoiding the syndrome of pseudomyxoma peritonei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents abstracts of various studies on hernia care which includes component separation technique in large incisional abdominal hernia repair, reconstruction of abdominal wall in recurrent hernias and components separattion technique in the management of large ventral hernias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitis L. belongs to one of the oldest Vitaceae family of flowering plants. The origins of the grapevine remain uncertain, this family possibly were originated on the boarder of Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and was widely distributed in the Old and New World. Its great age is testified by fossilised grape leaves and seeds in Palaeocene and Eocene deposits. Glacial period destroyed most of Vitis habitats and only in a certain area (refuges) they were survived. Such areas in Europe were located around Mediterranean basin and Southern part of Black and Caspian Seas. The current distribution of genus Vitis habitat includes three centres of diversity: East Asia, Northern south America, Central America and North America, Europe and Central Asia. Resent chemical analyses of ancient organic compounds absorbed into the pottery fabrics from sites in Georgia in the South Caucasus region, dating to the early Neolithic period (ca. 6,000-5,000 BC), provide the earliest biomolecular archaeological evidence for grape wine and viniculture from the Near East, at ca. 6,000-5,800 BC. The discovery of early sixth millennium BC grape wine in this region is crucial to the later history of wine in Europe and the rest of the world. We present the analyses of plastid genome diversity of wild (V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris) and cultivated grapevines (V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris) from Georgia, Europe, Mediterranean basin and Asian and American spices by the Next-generation Sequencing and Comparative Genomics. In particular, in the frame of our research: 1). Next-generation Illumina Sequencing of more than 40 genomes of Vitis vinifera from different geographic origins were conducted; 2). SNPs and indel regions were detected in each sequenced genome; 3). By using of comparative genomic approaches, the phylogenetic linkage study of the analyzed plastid genomes was performed. According to our results, it is shown that GTA haplotype dominates in wild grapevines of Europe (i.e., Germany and France), ATA and ATT haplotypes were found in the Mediterranean basin and Anatolia (i.e., Corsica, Greece, Turkey). Genetically unique AAA haplotype was found in Georgian wild and cultivated samples and ATA haplotype was detected in Asian and American species. The obtained results will help to understand the genetic relationships between wild and cultivated grapes from different geographical locations and explain the molecular bases of grape origin and evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We carried out clinostat and parabolic flight experiments to examine the effects of a microgravity (µG) environment on human sperm motility.Semen samples were obtained manually from 18 healthy men (aged 27.4 ± 5.4 years) who had given their informed consent. In clinostat experiments, samples that were left stationary were used as a stationary control. Samples rotated vertically and horizontally were used as a rotation control and a clinostat rotation, respectively. In parabolic flight experiments using a jet plane, sperm motility was compared for each parameter atµG, 1G and 2G. The state of 1G during the flight was used as a control. Sperm motility was determined using an automatic motility analyzer HT-M2030 in a microgravity environment.All parameters of sperm motility tended to be lower in clinostat rotation compared with rotation control at both low-speed and high-speed, but the differences were not statistically significant. In parabolic flight, sperm motility and parameters of linear movement were decreased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference betweenµG and 2G, but sperm motility was significantly decreased atµG than at 1G.Our findings suggest that sperm motility is reduced underµG. (Reprod Med Biol 2005;4: 161–168) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyse the generalization of the classical method of the construction of a preference structure from a reflexive binary relation to the case of fuzzy binary relations. According to our approach, there are two interesting fuzzy preference structures we can construct from a given reflexive fuzzy binary relation. These two fuzzy preference structures correspond to the two extreme solutions of the system of functional equations in the method of Fodor and Roubens. We also prove that only one of two fuzzy preference structures allows its fuzzy relation of strict preference to be transitive with respect to the ip-transform of the Lukasiewicz t-norm when the reflexive fuzzy relation it is constructed from is also transitive with respect to the same t-norm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]