Search

Small molecule organic materials are widely used as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high reversible capacity, designable structure, and environmental friendliness. However, they suffer from poor intrinsic electronic conductivity, severe dissolution, and low initial coulombic efficiency. Recently, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated in metal‐ion batteries, outperforming some small molecule organic materials in terms of both cycling stability and rate capability. Herein, the first rational design and synthesis of a new cobalt‐based MOF (CoBPDCA), are reported employing cobalt(II) nitrate as the metal source and small organic molecules (2,2‐bipyridyl‐4,4‐dicarboxylic acid, BPDCA) as the ligands, which shows exceptional chemical stability and impressive electron conductivity. Most importantly, CoBPDCA electrodes deliver a high reversible capacity of 1112.9 mAh g−1 at 0.05 C (1 C = 1000 mA g−1) and outstanding high‐rate durability (166.3 mAh g−1 after 2500 cycles at 10 C). Employing a series of spectroscopic and morphological characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it is revealed that these impressively electrochemical performances are contributed to the dual active redox centers of Co cations and BPDCA ligands (CN and CO groups), and the superb electron conductivity. This work might provide a new strategy and a deeper understanding of the other MOFs' development for LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic conjugated carboxylic acids are promising anodes for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their high specific capacity, design flexibility, and environmental friendliness. Unfortunately, similar to polysulfides, organic conjugated carboxylic acid materials and their redox intermediates suffer from poor intrinsic electronic conductivity, severe dissolution issues, and the resulting shuttle effect, thereby giving rise to rapid capacity decay and poor cycling stability. Herein, a SiO2 template‐assisted pyrolysis strategy is developed to prepare nitrogen‐doped hollow porous carbon bowls (N‐HPCB) as highly efficient hosts for organic conjugated carboxylic acids (maleic acid, MA). Benefiting from the large specific surface area, rational pore structure, and numerous nitrogen defect sites, N‐HPCB can remarkably suppress the dissolution of MA and its redox intermediates (LixMA) through both physical confinement and chemical bonding and facilitate the LixMA conversion. With these merits, the MA@HPCB electrodes deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 1134.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, exceptional long‐term cyclability (retaining 328.8 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 985 cycles), and outstanding rate capability (189.1 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1). Thus, the work provides a new approach to achieving a high‐rate and highly stable organic conjugated carboxylic acid materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to investigate the correlation between NK and NKT cell proportion disparities and prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: Forty-four cases of acute myeloid leukemia patients were selected, and flow cytometry was utilized to evaluate the expression of bone marrow NK and NKT cells. Next-generation sequencing technology was employed to detect genetic mutations in these 44 AML patients, and the rates of first induction remission and overall survival were recorded. Comparisons were made to analyze the respective differences in NK and NKT cell proportions among AML patients with various genetic mutations and risk stratifications. Results: The FLT-3-ITD+ group exhibited a significant increase in the proportion of NK cells compared to the normal control group and FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+ group, whereas the proportion of NKT cells was significantly decreased. Additionally, the CEBPA+ group showed an increased proportion of NKT cells compared to the TP53+ group and ASXL1+ group. The high-risk group had a higher proportion of NK cells than the intermediate-risk group, while the proportion of NKT cells was lower in the high-risk group compared to the intermediate-risk group.Patients achieving first induction remission displayed a higher proportion of NKT cells at initial diagnosis compared to those who did not achieve remission. The distribution of NK cells show significant differences among AML patients in different survival periods. Conclusion: This results implies that distinct genetic mutations may play a role not only in tumor initiation but also in shaping the tumor microenvironment, consequently impacting prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) built on inorganic anodes have achieved great commercial success. By contrast, the practical application of organic anode materials encounters key bottlenecks including electronic insulation, high solubility, and poor initial coulombic efficiency (ICE). Among them, improving ICEs (normally 30–60%) faces enormous challenges in both theory and technology, and there has been no substantial breakthrough yet. Herein, a wet chemical pretreatment technology to increase the ICE of maleic acid (MA)‐based anodes from 43.2% to nearly 100% is proposed for the first time, and this strategy demonstrates universal applicability. Typically, the wet chemical pretreatment involves reacting with lithium‐biphenyl to form LixMA intermediates (x = 4–6) and further forming a compact artificial solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) film through the spontaneous reaction between active LixMA and battery organic electrolytes. This wet chemically‐constructed artificial SEI layer can almost completely suppress lithium loss in the initial cycle of the MA electrode and significantly boost the actual output energy density, rate capability, and cycling durability of MA anode‐based full batteries. Significantly, the study further demonstrated that a series of organic anode materials with high ICEs can be achieved through similar wet chemical pretreatment. This work will open up the true application of high‐ICE organic anodes in LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amorphophallus konjac (Araceae) a perennial herb, it has high medicinal and industrial value. In this study, a simple and efficient system for direct somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration of Amorphophallus konjac was developed. The floral axis was used as the experimental material. The primary callus, developed from the floral axis grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different hormone combination at different concentrations. The highest rate of embryogenic callus formation was observed on the MS medium containing 9.04 µM 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 5.37 µM naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The maximum induction rate was 79.8%, and the embryogenic calli were able to subculture on a medium containing similar hormone combination for over 1 year. The calli were also placed on different media for regeneration and it produced complete plants with shoots and root systems simultaneously. The highest differentiation rate of the embryogenic calli grown on differentiation medium supplemented with 8.88 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 5.37 µM NAA was 95.6%. Flow cytometry analysis showed no ploidy variation in all the regenerate plantlets.