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9. Supplementary Material, DS1_VET_10.1177_0300985818760377 - West Nile Virus Infection in American Singer Canaries: An Experimental Model in a Highly Susceptible Avian Species

Author

Hofmeister, Erik K., Lund, Melissa, and Bochsler, Valerie Shearn

Subjects
70706 Veterinary Medicine, FOS: Clinical medicine, FOS: Veterinary sciences, 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplementary Material, DS1_VET_10.1177_0300985818760377 for West Nile Virus Infection in American Singer Canaries: An Experimental Model in a Highly Susceptible Avian Species by Erik K. Hofmeister, Melissa Lund, and Valerie Shearn Bochsler in Veterinary Pathology

Published
2018
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12. Transcriptional response to West Nile virus infection in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), a songbird model for immune function

Author

Newhouse, Daniel J, Hofmeister, Erik K, and Balakrishnan, Christopher N

Subjects
animal structures, animal diseases, viruses, virus diseases, nervous system diseases
Abstract

West Nile Virus (WNV) is the one of most widespread arboviruses worldwide. WNV exists in a bird-mosquito transmission cycle where passerine birds act as the primary reservoir host. As a public health concern, the mammalian immune response to WNV has been studied in detail. Little, however, is known about the avian immune response to WNV. Avian taxa show variable susceptibility to WNV and what drives this variation is unknown. Thus, to study the immune response to WNV in birds, we experimentally infected captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). Zebra finches provide a useful model, as like many natural avian hosts they are moderately susceptible to WNV and thus provide sufficient viremia to infect mosquitoes. We performed splenic RNAseq during peak viremia to provide an overview of the transcriptional response. In general, we find strong parallels with the mammalian immune response to WNV, including up-regulation of five genes in the Rig-I-like receptor signaling pathway, and offer insights into avian specific responses. Together with complementary immunological assays, we provide a model of the avian immune response to WNV and set the stage for future comparative studies among variably susceptible populations and species.

Published
2017
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27. Immunoglobulin detection in wild birds: effectiveness of three secondary anti-avian Ig Y antibodies in direct ELISAs in 41 avian species.

Author

Fassbinder‐Orth, Carol A., Wilcoxen, Travis E., Tran, Tiffany, Boughton, Raoul K., Fair, Jeanne M., Hofmeister, Erik K., Grindstaff, Jennifer L., Owen, Jen C., and Leder, Erica

Subjects
BIRD physiology, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, BIRD ecology, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, BLOOD serum analysis, IMMUNOLOGY
Abstract

1.Immunological reagents for wild, non-model species are limited or often non-existent for many species. 2. In this study, we compare the reactivity of a new anti-passerine IgY secondary antibody with existing secondary antibodies developed for use with birds. Samples from 41 species from the following six avian orders were analysed: Anseriformes (1 family, 1 species), Columbiformes (1 family, 2 species), Galliformes (1 family, 1 species), Passeriformes (16 families, 34 species), Piciformes (1 family, 2 species) and Suliformes (1 family, 1 species). Direct ELISAs were performed to detect total IgY using goat anti-passerine IgY, goat anti-chicken IgY or goat anti-bird IgY secondary antibodies. 3.The anti-passerine antibody exhibited significantly higher IgY reactivity compared to the anti-chicken and/or anti-bird antibodies in 80% of the passerine families tested. Birds in the order Piciformes (woodpeckers) and order Suliformes (cormorants) were poorly detected by all three secondary antibodies. A comparison of serum and plasma IgY levels was made within the same individuals for two passerine species (house finch and white-crowned sparrow), and serum exhibited significantly more IgY than the plasma for all three secondary antibodies. This result indicates that serum may be preferred to plasma when measuring total antibody levels in blood. 4.This study indicates that the anti-passerine IgY secondary antibody can effectively be used in immunological assays to detect passerine IgY for species in most passerine families and is preferred over anti-chicken and anti-bird secondary antibodies for the majority of passerine species. This anti-passerine antibody will allow for more accurate detection and quantification of IgY in more wild bird species than was possible with previously available secondary antibodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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38. Isolation of a New Subspecies, Bartonella vinsoniisubsp. arupensis, from a Cattle Rancher: Identity with Isolates Found in Conjunction with Borrelia burgdorferiand Babesia microtiamong Naturally Infected Mice

Author

Welch, David F., Carroll, Karen C., Hofmeister, Erik K., Persing, David H., Robison, Denise A., Steigerwalt, Arnold G., and Brenner, Don J.

Abstract

ABSTRACTBacteremia with fever due to a novel subspecies of Bartonella vinsoniiwas found in a cattle rancher. The subspecies shared major characteristics of the genus Bartonellain terms of most biochemical features and cellular fatty acid profile, but it was distinguishable from other subspecies of B. vinsoniiby good growth on heart infusion agar supplemented with X factor and by its pattern of enzymatic hydrolysis of peptide substrates. DNA relatedness studies verified that the isolate belonged to the genusBartonellaand that it was genotypically related toB. vinsonii. The highest level of relatedness was observed with recently characterized strains from naturally infected mice that were coinfected with Borrelia burgdorferiand Babesia microti. We propose the name Bartonella vinsoniisubsp. arupensissubsp. nov. as the new subspecies to accommodate these human and murine isolates.

Published
1999
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42. The Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health

Author

Brigham Narins and Brigham Narins

Subjects
Allied health personnel, Nursing, Medicine--Encyclopedias, Nursing--Encyclopedias
Abstract

In the fully updated third edition of this award-winning title, more than 1000 alphabetically arranged entries, of which about 100 are new, cover topics in body systems and functions, conditions and common diseases, contemporary health care issues and theories, techniques and practices, and devices and equipment. The Encyclopedia covers all major health professions, including nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, respiratory therapy and more.

Published
2013

43. The Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing & Allied Health

Author

Krapp, Kristine M. and Krapp, Kristine M.

Subjects
Allied health personnel, Nursing, Nursing--Encyclopedias, Medicine--Encyclopedias
Abstract

Entries cover topics in body systems and functions, conditions and common diseases, issues and theories, techniques and practices, and devices and equipment. Also discusses the roles of all major health professionals.

Published
2002

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