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Background: Fractures of the talus are relatively infrequently reported in small animals. Furthermore, talar neck fracture in cats seems to be very rare. This case report aims to consider the diagnosis, treatment and a seven-month follow-up of a cat with a Hawkins type 3 talar fracture treated with a type 1b external skeletal fixator (ESF). Emphasising on the complexity of the injury, considering treatment options and complications, and comparing them to previous reports on cats and humans. Case Description: A 4.5-year-old mixed-breed cat was diagnosed with a Hawkins type 3 talar fracture. Additionally, there were considerations related to the collateral support of the hock joint. The fracture fragment, i.e. the talar body and parts of the neck, was reduced with pointed reduction forceps through a small medial insition. The fracture was then stabilised with a trans articular type 1b ESF. Based on radiographic fracture assessment, de-staging of the frame was done eight weeks postoperatively. While complete frame removal was at 12 weeks postoperatively. Seven months after the fracture, the cat was minimally lame when walking, and there was a reduced rang range of motion in the hock joint compared to the contralateral joint. Conclusion: Based on this case and the four previous cases with talar neck fractures, we cannot conclude, but ESF seems to be a good solution, especially when considering the possibility of disruption to the collateral support of the hock joint in this case. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(8.000): 2110-2115]

Abstract Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the anteromedial cannulated screw approach in the treatment of Hawkins II/III talus fractures in children. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 20 children with talar fractures admitted to Renmin Hospital from September 2018 to February 2022. The fracture healing and functional recovery of the affected limb were strictly followed up after the operation. There were 14 males and 6 females. The average age was 9 years (range 6–12 years). According to the Hawkins classification, there were 12 cases of talar neck fracture type II and 8 cases of type III. All patients were fixed with cannulated compression screws via an anteromedial approach. According to the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle and hindfoot function scoring system, limb function was evaluated before and after the operation. A visual analog scale was used to evaluate the degree of postoperative pain. Results All 20 children were followed up for 12 months to 30 months, with an average of 15 months. We found that there was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate (76.9%) and necrosis rate (30.8%) between male children and female children (71.4%) and necrosis rate (28.6%) (P > 0.05). The excellent and good rates (92.9%) of children younger than 9 years old at the time of injury were higher than those of children older than 9 years old (33.3%), and the incidence of avascular necrosis of the talus was lower. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P 0.05). The excellent and good rates of talar neck fracture type II and talar neck fracture type III were 90.1% and 55.6%, respectively. Conclusion The anteromedial approach combined with cannulated compression screws for the treatment of Hawkins II/III talus fractures in children not only has a clear surgical field, but the fracture can also be reduced and fixed under direct vision using this technique. It does not affect the stability of the ankle joint and is conducive to the recovery of ankle function. It can be used as a surgical scheme for the treatment of talar fractures in children.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and structural outcomes after arthroscopic repair of isolated supraspinatus tears in patients older than 70 years vs. patients younger than 50 years to determine whether age influences the treatment of these tears. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, comparative study of 87 shoulders of 86 patients older than 70 years who underwent rotator cuff repair after isolated full-thickness supraspinatus tear between January 2010 and December 2020. A control group of 87 patients younger than 50 years was matched for sex, body mass index, smoking habits, tendon retraction according to Patte and fatty infiltration according to Goutallier. Clinical assessment used Constant-Murley Score (CMS), age- and sex-matched Constant Scores and Subjective Shoulder Value at 6 months. Cuff integrity was evaluated using ultrasonography based on the Sugaya criteria, types I-II-III being considered as healed. Results: The CMS significantly improved by +17.91 points in elderly patients compared with +7.47 points in controls (P

Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) is related to society nowadays and can lead to narcissism. Therefore, this research objective was to analyze how FoMO constructs narcissism in Paula Hawkins’ The Girl on The Train through three major characters, including Rachel Watson, Megan Hipwell, and Anna Watson. The research was done by applying the FoMO process, the FoMO scale, and Freud’s psychoanalytic theory to answer the research objective. The research method was qualitative, in which data was written in the text, and researchers became the research instrument to gather primary data and second data. Primary data for this research was taken from Hawkins’ The Girl on the Train, consisting of words, utterances, and quotations. Meanwhile, secondary data sources were obtained from e-books, journals, and articles. Through this research, it was found that the major characters suffer from social and news FoMO, indicated by the perception of missing out and compulsive behavior in maintaining those social connections. Further, the FoMO indirectly construct their narcissism, which is characterized by megalomania, self-love, and personality.

The study aims at justifying of the thesis that the inclusion of concepts belonging to the mystical tradition, as portrayed by David R. Hawkins, enriches philosophical hermeneutics. The road map designed for the purpose is as follows: By providing hermeneutical context regarding human understanding a theoretical background is created for an argument that the thematization of human understanding as finite and projective is enriched if concepts of spiritual/mystical traditions are incorporated into it. Consequently, a justification is made that generating a bridge between contemporary hermeneutics and the spiritual world allows to conceptually provide practical tools for the pursuit of happiness.

Introduction/Purpose: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a complication of talar neck fractures associated with chronic pain and poor functional outcomes. Hawkins sign, the radiographic presence of subchondral lucency seen in the talar dome 6 to 8 weeks after trauma, is considered to be a strong predictor of preserved talus vascularity. The study sought to assess the accuracy of the Hawkins sign in a large, contemporary cohort and assess factors associated with inaccuracy. Methods: A retrospective review of all talar neck fractures from a single level I trauma center from 2008 to 2016 was performed. The presence of Hawkins sign and AVN were determined based on ankle radiographs 8 weeks after injury and at final follow-up, respectively. Patients with less than 6 months follow-up were excluded. Hawkins sign accuracy was assessed using proportions with 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) and associations were examined with Fisher’s exact testing. Results: In total, 137 talar neck fractures were identified with 105 having adequate follow-up. Hawkins sign was observed in 21 tali, 3 (14%) of which later developed AVN (95% C.I., 3 – 36%). In the remaining 84 tali without Hawkins sign, 32 (38%) developed AVN (95% C.I., 28 – 49%). Of the 3 tali that developed AVN following observation of Hawkins sign, all patients were smokers. There were no cases of AVN in non-smokers with Hawkins sign (P=0.21), and smoking was not associated with AVN in patients without Hawkins sign (41% vs 36%, P=0.82). Conclusion: Hawkins sign may not be a reliable predictor of preserved talus vascularity in all patients. We identified three patients with positive Hawkins signs who developed AVN, all of whom were smokers. Factors impairing microvascular blood supply to the talus may lead to AVN even in the presence of preserved macrovascular blood flow and an observed Hawkins sign. Close monitoring of select patients with Hawkins sign should be considered and further research is needed to understand the factors limiting Hawkins sign accuracy. Prognostic accuracy of the Hawkins sign in predicting talar AVN

Abstract Background M. pyrrhocarpa is a new plant in the Fabaceae: Faboideae family that is found in Thailand. A literature search revealed that the Milletia genus is rich in bioactive compounds possessing a wide range of biological activities. In this study, we aimed to isolate novel bioactive compounds and to study their bioactivities. Methods The hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts from the leaves and twigs of M. pyrrhocarpa were isolated and purified using chromatography techniques. These extracts and pure compounds were tested in vitro for their inhibitory activities against nine strains of bacteria, as well as their anti-HIV-1 virus activity and cytotoxicity against eight cancer cell lines. Results Three rotenoids, named 6aS, 12aS, 12S-elliptinol (1), 6aS, 12aS, 12S-munduserol (2), dehydromunduserone (3), and crude extracts were evaluated for antibacterial, anti-HIV, and cytotoxic activities. It was found that compounds 1–3 inhibited the growth of nine strains of bacteria, and the best MIC/MBC values were obtained at 3/ > 3 mg/mL. The hexane extract showed anti-HIV-1 RT with the highest %inhibition at 81.27 at 200 mg/mL, while 6aS, 12aS, 12S-elliptinol (1) reduced syncytium formation in 1A2 cells with a maximum EC50 value of 4.48 μM. Furthermore, 6aS, 12aS, 12S-elliptinol (1) showed cytotoxicity against A549 and Hep G2 cells with maximum ED50 values of 2.27 and 3.94 μg/mL. Conclusion This study led to the isolation of constituents with potential for medicinal application, providing compounds (1–3) as lead compounds against nine strains of bacteria. The hexane extract showed the highest %inhibition of HIV-1 virus, Compound 1 showed the best EC50 in reducing syncytium formation in 1A2 cells, and it also showed the best ED50 against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2). The isolated compounds from M. pyrrhocarpa offered significant potential for future medicinal application studies.

Three-part proximal humerus fractures in the elderly continue to be difficult to surgically treat. We evaluated the Hawkins wiring (HW) technique, which utilizes figure-of-eight tension band wiring, to treat three-part proximal humerus fractures involving the greater tuberosity. Currently, there is a paucity of data detailing patient outcomes and radiographic follow-up of this technique. The purpose of this case series is to evaluate patient reported outcomes and radiographic follow-up for fractures treated with this technique. Over two years, six patients at our institution underwent HW to treat three-part proximal humerus fractures. Average DASH and Oxford Shoulder scores (OSS) were 20.4 (range, 1–40) and 40 (range, 33–46) respectively. All patients had satisfactory return of function after surgery. Radiographic union was achieved in all six patients and there were no reported complications. HW technique is an efficacious treatment for three-part proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients.

In May 1871, models and skeleton casts of dinosaurs and other ancient vertebrates destined for a new Paleozoic Museum in Central Park, New York were smashed and destroyed. This greatest act of vandalism in the history of dinosaur study and museum development was attributed to the infamous William 'Boss' Tweed, leader of a notorious group of rogue politicians who at the time held the reins of power in the booming city. Our research on primary sources shows that Tweed was not involved, and the real villain was Henry Hilton, a powerful lawyer and businessman. Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins had been employed to do the work and yet he was dismissed and not compensated, creating a scandal. Contrary to the generally accepted narrative of these events, we find no religious motive for the destruction, only potential conflict with the developing American Museum of Natural History. Further, based on well-reported evidence, we find that Hilton exhibited an eccentric and destructive approach to cultural artefacts, and a remarkable ability to destroy everything he touched, including the huge fortune of the department store tycoon Alexander Stewart. Evidently the destruction of Hawkins' New York City dinosaurs was one of many such crazy actions through his life; Hilton was not only bad, but also mad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the lineages of police violence, family trauma, and police reform through a case study of the Rochester police killing of Denise Hawkins in 1975. Michael Leach, a 22-year-old, white police officer, responded to a “family trouble” call involving a domestic dispute between Hawkins and her husband. When the 18-year-old, 100-pound Black woman emerged from the apartment, she held a kitchen knife. Within five seconds, Leach had shot and killed her, later claiming she endangered his life. Though Hawkins’ name is included in lists of Black women killed by police, little is known about her life and legacy. Using newspapers, police records, and oral history, we examine activists’ attempts to scale the call for justice for Denise Hawkins to the national level, the police department’s defense of Leach as the true victim in the incident, and the city leaders’ compromised efforts to establish a civilian oversight of police. Within the context of Rochester’s robust history of resistance to police violence, we argue that the reform efforts of the late 1970s ultimately failed to redress the police use of deadly force. Furthermore, when Michael Leach killed again in 2012—this time shooting his own son, whom he mistook for an intruder—his defense attorney successfully depicted Leach as the sympathetic figure. In shifting the focus to Denise Hawkins, this work contributes to the Black feminist call to memorialize Black women killed by police and suggests that the policies that protect the officers who use deadly force cause widespread, intergenerational harm to officers and their victims.

El smartphone global: más allá de una tecnología para jóvenes es uno de varios resultados del proyecto Anthropology of Smartphones and Smart Ageing, dirigido por uno de los autores más conocidos de la Antropología Digital: Daniel Miller. Después de su interés por las redes sociales —que exploró junto con varios investigadores en un estudio con un diseño parecido, llamado Why We Post (ver ante todo Miller, Costa, Haynes, McDonald, Nicolescu, Sinanan, Spyer, Venkatraman y Wang, 2016)— El smartphone global corresponde a un interés más marcado por el uso cotidiano del smartphone como tal. Por la historia del proyecto, que inició interesándose por aplicaciones de salud, tiene un enfoque algo particular, sobre todo en el contexto de las discusiones mediáticas sobre los smartphones. En vez de explorar a los llamados «nativos digitales» y las redes sociales, como suele ser el caso en las discusiones mediáticas, aquí se interesa en primer lugar por cuestiones de salud y cuidados en el uso cotidiano de los smartphones, por parte de la población jubilada de diversas partes del mundo.

La biotecnocomunicología es un complejo territorio de conocimiento en el cual convergen la biología, la tecnología y la comunicología. Las ideas de Marhall McLuhan, fundador de la Ecología de los Medios, representan un posible punto de partida en la comprensión del complejo imaginario biotecnocomunicológico. McLuhan sostenía que la evolución de los medios y de las tecnologías, por ser extensiones de nosotros, precisamente depende de nosotros. El trabajo intelectual de Gerald S. Hawkins no solo confirmó la pertinencia de algunas de las avanzadas tesis de McLuhan, las cuales, por supuesto, trascienden a la comunicología. Hawkins contribuyó a conectar las ideas de McLuhan con el avanzado pensamiento de Kurzweil. En la complejidad del imaginario transhumanista, se presenta la posibilidad de que la nueva evolución del Homo Sapiens no dependa de la biología, sino de la tecnología. Ello implicaría invertir una tesis central en el pensamiento de McLuhan para comprender al renovado Homo Sapiens como extensión de la tecnología.

To enter practice as an occupational therapist, one must complete an occupational therapy program at an accredited institution and then pass a national certification exam. This exam is called the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT) Exam. Individuals can take the exam more than once to achieve a passing score but must pay a fee each time. Not passing the first time can lead to stress, increased costs, and delayed entrance into the profession. Thus, being a first-time passer is ideal. The purpose of this retrospective quantitative study was to identify variables impacting first time pass rates of occupational therapy master's students. Variables found to be significantly higher in the first time pass group compared to the multiple attempts group include high school grade point average (hsGPA), Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores, whether or not the student earned an A in high school chemistry or biology, whether or not the student took high school physics, undergraduate college GPA, whether or not the student earned an A in certain occupational therapy intervention courses, and percentage correct on the Occupational Therapy Knowledge Exam (OTKE). Results of this study can inform occupational therapy programs' admissions standards and help educators better prepare and support students throughout the entire curriculum to facilitate first time success on the NBCOT exam.

The options for Artificial intelligence (AI) tools used in teacher education are increasing daily, but more is only sometimes better for teachers working in already complex classroom settings. This team discusses the increase of AI in schools and provides an example from administrators, teacher educators, and computer scientists of an AI virtual agent and the research to support student learning and teachers in classroom settings. The authors discuss the creation and potential of virtual characters in elementary classrooms, combined with biometrics and facial emotional recognition, which in this study has impacted student learning and offered support to the teacher. The researchers share the development of the AI agent, the lessons learned, the integration of biometrics and facial tracking, and how teachers use this emerging form of AI both in classroom-based center activities and to support students' emotional regulation. The authors conclude by describing the application of this type of support in teacher preparation programs and a vision of the future of using AI agents in instruction.

The results of a reflective survey, used for program evaluation, demonstrate how EdD scholars used their learning about Improvement Science as an insightful lifeline and for practical guidance within their professional practice in an uncertain time. Scholars imparted valuable information to EdD faculty about the strains and challenges they were under. Faculty, in turn, enhanced their choice of content and approaches to teaching about how to manage actionable change and becoming a more reflective and resilient practitioner. In CPED-influenced programs such as ours, this exchange of learning is ongoing and natural, as scholars pitch up problems of practice in need of immediate progress and improvement--sharing insights into strategies (successful or failed)--with faculty. Program learning and enhancements, in light of our students' lived experience and learnings, are discussed. We conclude with guidance about tools and procedures to navigate turbulence in educational systems.

This study captures the stories of adult Black men from an urban area plagued by generational poverty and low educational attainment. Narrative semi-structured interviews were employed to examine their stories, the factors that contributed to their identities as students, and their decision to drop out of school. Using the cool pose theory (Major and Billson in Cool pose: the dilemmas of black manhood in America. Lexington Books, 1992), their narratives revealed how a lack of culturally relevant learning experiences, positive relationships, and "loose boundaries," together with implicit biases and stereotypes, influenced their perceptions of themselves and school and ultimately their decision to drop out of high school. Cool pose is also used to reframe young Black boys' narratives by presenting their use of cool pose behaviors as a demonstration of strength, integrity, and source of worth in failure situations. This study presents implications for better understanding and educating young Black men from urban communities as individuals and how illustrating their past educational experiences continues to influence their daily lives as adults. Furthermore, it compels us to answer the fundamental question: what more can we as educators do to empower and create successful schooling experiences for Black boys?

The combination of talar neck fractures with malleolar fractures is a rare. This rare association accounts for 0.3 % of all bone fractures. We describe a one-of-a-kind ankle dislocation with a talar neck fracture and a bimalleolar fracture. A 24-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department after a traffic accident. A physical examination revealed swelling and tenderness in the left ankle. The radiograph and the CT scan showed a Hawkins type III comminuted talar neck fracture, with an oblique fracture of the medial malleolus and an infra-syndesmotic fracture of the lateral malleolus. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation involving screw fixation for talar neck fracture and the medial malleolus and plating for the lateral malleolus. The treatment and post-operative follow-up showed successful healing and functional recovery, with a score of 85 on the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot at the last follow up. The discussion includes insights on the rarity of this fracture combination, treatment challenges, and potential complications such as avascular necrosis. This article emphasizes the importance of achieving anatomical reduction and stable fixation for optimal outcomes in such complex fractures. This case report highlights the successful treatment of a rare combination of talar neck and bimalleolar ankle fractures, emphasizing the importance of anatomical reduction and stable fixation for optimal outcomes in complex fractures. • This is a case of a rare combination of talar neck fracture and bimalleolar fracture • Operation was performed with an ORIF involving screw fixation for talar neck fracture and the medial malleolus and plating for the lateral malleolus • The implants fitted well and the patient had a good fonctional income at 2 years. • The importance of anatomical reduction and stable fixation result in a favorable outcome and reduce the risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Narcissism is one of the most common diseases in psychology, but its concern is the least. Therefore, this research was focused on narcissism disorder of one of the main characters named Megan Hipwell in the novel The Girl on the Train by Paula Hawkin. The analysis was done by applying psychoanalytic theory, in narcissism, which is the most common mental disorder among the members of a society. The method of research was qualitative, which required an in-depth analysis of the literary works used by the writers of this research according to the selected theories. The analysis was aimed to find illustrations and evidence of the main character in the novel The Girl on the Train to illustrate narcissism disorder. In this research, it was found that the main character suffered from narcissistic disorder, such as big ego, over-self confidence, exploitation of Interpersonal relationships, arrogance, and deficient social conscience. The triggers were rationalization and projection.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries, where ≈96% of affected infants reside. The current standard of care, therapeutic hypothermia, is frequently ineffective in this setting, likely because injury may be occurring earlier during labor. Here, we studied the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of perinatal caffeine administration in near-term lambs following global ischemic injury to support the development of earlier treatment strategies targeting the fetus in utero as well as the infant postnatally. METHODS: Ewes were randomly assigned to receive either 1 g IV caffeine citrate or placebo before delivery and placental transport assessed. Near-term lambs (141-143 days) of both sexes were subjected to severe global hypoxia-ischemia utilizing an acute umbilical cord occlusion model. Lambs that received caffeine in utero also received 20 mg/kg IV caffeine citrate following resuscitation and 10 mg/(kg·d) IV for 2 days. An additional cohort received 60 mg/kg followed by 30 mg/(kg·d) (low dose versus high dose) postnatally. Biochemical, histological, and neurological outcome measures in lambs were assessed over a 6-day period. RESULTS: Perinatal caffeine administration demonstrated excellent placental transport kinetics and was well tolerated with lamb plasma levels comparable to those targeted in neonates with apnea of prematurity. Caffeine administration resulted in a systemic immunomodulatory effect, evidenced by significant reductions in proinflammatory IP-10 levels. Treated lambs demonstrated improved neurodevelopmental outcomes, while histological analysis revealed that caffeine reduced gray matter injury and attenuated inflammation in the cingulate and parasagittal cortex. This neuroprotective effect was greater and via a different mode of action than we previously reported for azithromycin. A higher caffeine dosing regimen demonstrated significant toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal caffeine administration is well tolerated, attenuates systemic and brain inflammation, and contributes to improvements in histological and neurological outcomes in an ovine model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Key HIV cure strategies involve reversing immune dysfunction and limiting the proliferation of infected T cells. We evaluate the safety of sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, in people with HIV (PWH) and study the impact of sirolimus on HIV-1 reservoir size and HIV-1-specific immunity in a single-arm study of 20 weeks of treatment in PWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Sirolimus treatment does not impact HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses but leads to a significant decrease in CD4+ T cell-associated HIV-1 DNA levels at 20 weeks of therapy in the primary efficacy population (n = 16; 31% decline, p = 0.008). This decline persists for at least 12 weeks following cessation of the study drug. Sirolimus treatment also leads to a significant reduction in CD4+ T cell cycling and PD-1 expression on CD8+ lymphocytes. These data suggest that homeostatic proliferation of infected cells, an important mechanism for HIV persistence, is an intriguing therapeutic target.