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10. Failure of adjuvant heparin to reduce myocardial ischemia in the early treatment of patients with unstable angina

Author

Wallis, Diane E., Boden, William E., Califf, Robert, Crawford, Michael H., Hakki, Hamid, Iskandrian, Abdulmassih S., Labovitz, Arthur, O'Connor, Christopher, Sutton, Richard, and Scanlon, Patrick J.

Subjects
Heparin -- Physiological aspects, Unstable angina -- Drug therapy, Coronary heart disease -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

Angina pectoris is chest pain that results from myocardial ischemia, or the temporary reduction in cardiac blood flow. Unstable angina is a rapidly deteriorating type of angina, caused in part by the formation of intracoronary thrombi (blood clots in the coronary arteries), that often presages the onset of more a more severe cardiovascular emergency such as heart attack. The long-term (for periods greater than six days) use of anticlotting drugs, such as heparin, is well established as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of unstable angina. With current economic pressures to reduce the duration of hospital stays, it is of interest to know whether there is any therapeutic advantage to be gained by short-term intravenous administration of heparin. (The intravenous route of administration requires hospital care.) To determine the effect of short-term heparin administration on the frequency of ischemic events, a study was carried out involving 47 patients being treated for unstable angina. Twenty patients received intravenous heparin in addition to their other medications for the first 36 hours of evaluation; the remainder received an inactive saline (salt) solution in addition to the medications they had been taking. In both groups these medications included calcium channel blockers, beta adrenergic blocking agents, nitrates, and aspirin. Myocardial ischemia was monitored by electrophysiological monitoring of cardiac function. There was no difference in the frequency of ischemic events between the groups receiving heparin and saline. About 40 percent of both groups suffered ischemic episodes, the majority of which (85 percent) were asymptomatic. The failure of heparin to reduce the incidence of ischemia may be attributable to a masking effect of aspirin (which has much the same effect), the length of treatment, or the possibility that heparin might not exert its effects on angina solely by reducing myocardial ischemia. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

12. Spectrophotometric Study of Complex Formations between Alprazolam and Some Transition Metal Ions in Non Aqueous Solution.

Author

Ashrafi, Mohammad, Gholamveisi, Behzad, Haki, Behzad Kazemi, and Hakki, Hamid Kazemi

Subjects
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, METAL ions, ALPRAZOLAM, LEAST squares, STOICHIOMETRY
Abstract

In this study, the complexation reaction between Alprazolam (ALP) and metal ions (Zn2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Co2+) was investigated by using spectrophotometry in ethanol solvent. The stoichiometry of M+/ALP complexes was calculated by applying the Job, molar ratio and Continuous Changes methods and the relevant diagrams were plotted for each metal ions in each method. The results show that the obtained complexes are 1:3. In the Continuous Changes method a defeat was observed at molar fraction of 0.66 for all complexes, which confirms complexes with 1:3 mole ratio. The formation constants of complexes were determined by using nonlinear least square method (KINFIT software) and it was concluded that the stability of complexes is varied in the order Cu2+> Co2+> Ni2+ > Zn2+. Therefore, Cu is the strongest and Zn formed with Alprazolam ligand is the weakest complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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14. Multiple myelom hastalarının retrospektif analizi ve lenalidomid tedavisinin etkileri

Author

Doğru, Hakki Hamid, Özatlı, Düzgün, and İç Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Retrospective studies, Multiple myeloma, Hematoloji, Hematology, Lenalidomide
Abstract

Multiple myelom, B hücrelerinden köken alan tek bir plazma hücre klonunun proliferasyonu sonucu gelişen malign bir hastalıktır. Tüm malignitelerin %1'ini, hematolojik malignitelerin ise %10'unu oluşturur. Myelomun biyolojisinin daha iyi anlaşılmaya başlanması hastalık patogenezinde kritik rol oynayan, myelom hücresi ve kemik iliği mikroçevresini hedef alan yeni tedavilerin gelistirilmesinin önünü açmıştır. Bu tedavilerden tümörosidal ve immünmodulatör etki multiple myelomada çok önemli bir tedavi stratejisi olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.Bu çalışmada, multiple myelom tanısı ile kliniğimizde takip ettiğimiz hastaların, epidemiyolojik özelliklerine, tanı anındaki laboratuvar bulgularına, uluslararası evreleme sistemine göre evresine, radyolojik özelliklerine, lenalidomid içeren tedavi rejimlerine, görülen yan etkilere, verilen tedavilere alınan yanıtlara, progresyona kadar geçen sürelerine bakılması amaçlandı.Çalışmaya Ocak 2002 ile Haziran 2012 tarihleri arasında uluslararası çalışma grubunun kriterlerine göre multiple myelom tanısı konup takip ve tedavi edilen relaps ve refrakter aktif hastalığı olan 21 hasta alındı. Hastaların 10' u kadın (%47,6), 11' i erkek (%52.4), ortalama yaş 62 (SS:10,1) olup hastaların yaşları 36-81 arasında değişmekteydi. Lenalidomid tedavisi alan hastalar tedavi rejimi sonrasında International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) yanıt kriterlerine göre değerlendirildi.Bu kriterlere göre hastaların 4' ünde tam yanıt-CR (%19), 7'sinde çok iyi parsiyel yanıt-VGPR (%33), 5' inde parsiyel yanıt-PR (%24), 5' inde progresif hastalık (%24) olduğu görüldü. Bu çalışmada lenalidomid tedavisi alan hastaların total sağkalım süresi 108 ay, ortanca progresyona kadar geçen süre (TTP) 64 ay idi. Hastaların aldıkları lenalidomid rejimine göre yaşam süreleri arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0,05).Sonuç olarak; tek merkezli bu çalışmada lenalidomid, etkinliği ve yan etki özellikleri göz önüne alındığında relaps ve refrakter multiple myelom hastalarında etkili ve güvenli bir tedavi seçeneği olarak yer almaktadır. Multipl myeloma, is a malignant disease caused by proliferation of single plasma cell clone derived from B cells. It is 1 % of over all malignant tumors and 10 % of hematologic malignancies. Better understanding of the biology of myeloma paved the way for new treatments that target myelom cells which are playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of the disease and microenvironments of the bone marrow. One of these treatments, the immunomodulatuar and tumorosidial effect, has emerged as an important treatment strategy of multipl myeloma.In this study our aim was to view the epidemiological characteristics, laboratory findings at the time of diagnosis, stage according to the international staging system, the radiological characteristics, common side effects of treatment regimens containing lenalidomide, responses to the treatments and time to progression of the patients that have been followed in our clinic with a diagnosis of multipl myeloma.In this study we included 21 of multipl myeloma patients with relaps, refractory or the ones with an active disease between January 2002 and June 2012 according to the international working group. 10 patients were females (47,6%), 11 were males (52,4%), mean age was 62 between 36 and 81. 21 patients who received lenalidomid was evaluated after the treatment regimen according to IMWG criteria of response.In this patients; complete response-CR in 4 (19%), VGPR in 7 (33%), partial response-PR in 5 (24%), and progressive disease in 5 (24%) were observed. In this study, overall survival time of patients who received lenalidomide was 108 months, the median time to progression (TTP) was 64 months. There was no difference in survival between patients according to lenalidomide regimen (p>0,05).As a conclusion in this single centre study, lenalidomide with effectivity and side effects taken in consideration was found to be an effective and secure treatment modality in multiple myeloma patients with relaps and refractory disease. 60

Published
2012

19. The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880–1925

Author

Robert Olson and Robert Olson

Subjects
Kurds--Turkey, Minorities--Political activity--Turkey--History--20th century
Abstract

The last quarter of the nineteenth century was crucial for the development of Kurdish nationalism. It coincided with the reign of Abdulhamid II (1876-1909), who emphasized Pan-Islamic policies in order to strengthen the Ottoman Empire against European and Russian imperialism, The Pan-Islamic doctrines of the Ottoman Empire enabled sheikhs (religious leaders) from Sheikh Ubaydallah of Nehri in the 1870s and 1880s to Sheikh Said in the 1920s-to become the principal nationalist leaders of the Kurds. This represented a new development in Middle Eastern and Islamic history and began an important historical pattern in the Middle East long before the emergence of the religiousnationalist leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran. This is the first work in any Western language dealing with the development of Kurdish nationalism during this period and is supported with documentation not previously utilized, principally from the Public Record Office in Great Britain. In addition, the author provides much new material on Turkish, Armenian, Iranian, and Arab history and new insights into Turkish-Armenian relations during the most crucial era of the history of these two peoples.

Published
1989

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