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The study was designed to determine the effect of Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) supplimentation into BIOXcellTM and Tris based egg yolk extender on post-thawed quality of Tharparkar cattle bull semen. The research was carried out at Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agricultural University Tandojam. In this study four fertile Tharparkar bulls (A, B, C and D) having age of 4-5 years were used. A total of 52 (n=13) ejaculates were collected with the help of artificial vagina, after the collection macroscopic (color, volume and pH) and microscopic (motility, morphology, viability, concentration and membrane integrity) parameters were observed. The samples having motility, morphology, viability and membrane integrity =70% were pooled and processed. Pooled semen samples were divided into four groups and diluted with Tris, Tris+Vitamin E(a-tocopherol) and BIOXcellTM, BIOXcellTM+ Vitamin E (a-tocopherol). Post-thawed assessment of motility, morphology, viability and membrane integrity with BIOXcellTM+ Vitamin E(a-tocopherol) (58.31±0.86, 76.22±1.04, 71.27±1.44, 64.68±1.43) showed improved quality parameters as compared to Tris+ Vitamin E(α-Tocopherol) (48.68±0.68, 64.45±1.54, 66.22±1.75, 58.25±1.08), BIOXcellTM (45.72±0.53, 67.45±0.84, 64.72±1.67, 56.63±1.39) and Tris (43.54±0.49, 64.68±0.80, 65.18±1.33, 54.41±1.36). On the basis of in vitro results BIOXcellTM+ Vitamin E(a-tocopherol) showed improved post-thawed quality parameters and it was used for artificial insemination. A total of 20 animals were synchronized at Bhens colony; Ghumanrabad with one injection prostaglandin (PGF2a) protocol and 13 animals showed estrus and were inseminated. Meanwhile, 8 were found pregnant through rectal palpation with a pregnancy rate of 61.53%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomechanical analysis of the human spine is crucial to understanding injury patterns. Motion capture technology has gained attention due to its non-invasive nature. Nevertheless, traditional motion capture studies consider the spine a single rigid segment, although its alignment changes during movement. Moreover, guidelines that indicate where markers should be placed for a specific exercise do not exist. This study aims to review the methods used to assess spine biomechanics using motion capture systems to determine the marker sets used, the protocols used, the resulting parameters, the analysed activities, and the characteristics of the studied populations. PRISMA guidelines were used to perform a Scoping Review using SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. Fifty-six journal and conference articles from 1997 to 2023 were considered for the analysis. This review showed that Plug-in-Gait is the most used marker set. The lumbar spine is the segment that generates the most interest because of its high mobility and function as a weight supporter. Furthermore, angular position and velocity are the most common outcomes when studying the spine. Walking, standing, and range of movement were the most studied activities compared to sports and work-related activities. Male and female participants were recruited similarly across all included articles. This review presents the motion capture techniques and measurement outcomes of biomechanical studies of the human spine, to help standardize the field. This work also discusses trends in marker sets, study outcomes, studied segments and segmentation approaches., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Copyright of Revista E-mercatoria is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Departamento de Derecho Comercial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RumeliDE Journal of Language & Literature Research / RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of RumeliDE Uluslararasi Hakemli Dil & Edebiyat Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We investigated the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the morphology and follicular activation of ovine preantral follicles cultured in situ and whether the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway is involved in IGF-1 action in the sheep ovary. Ovine ovarian fragments were fixed for histological and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) analyses (fresh control) or cultured in supplemented alpha-minimum essential medium (α-MEM+; control) or α-MEM+ with IGF-1 (1, 10, 50, 100 or 200 ng mL−1) for 7 days. Follicles were classified as normal or atretic, primordial or growing and the oocyte and follicle diameters were measured. DNA fragmentation was evaluated by TUNEL assay. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry was performed on the fresh control, α-MEM+ and 100 ng mL−1 IGF-1 samples. Inhibition of PI3K activity was performed through pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) expression was analysed after culture in the absence or presence of LY294002. IGF-1 at 100 ng mL−1 increased (P < 0.05) follicular activation compared with α-MEM+ and decreased TUNEL-positive cells (P < 0.05) compared with other treatments. PCNA-positive cells also increased (P < 0.05) in 100 ng mL−1 IGF-1. LY294002 significantly inhibited follicular activation stimulated by α-MEM+ and 100 ng mL−1 IGF-1 and reduced pAKT expression in follicles. Overall, IGF-1 at 100 ng mL−1 promoted primordial follicle activation, cell proliferation and reduced DNA fragmentation after in situ culture through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Primordial follicle growth or activation is under the control of several paracrine factors such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). This study investigated the effects of IGF-I on ovine ovarian tissue culture and it demonstrated that IGF-1 promoted activation through the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Controlling the levels of specific signalling members in the follicle culture can lead to retrieval of oocytes with an enhanced developmental potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The growth hormone (GH) and growth insulin‐like factor‐1 (IGF‐1) act directly upon the regulation and growth in the different phases of preantral follicles. Thus, it is necessary to define their sequentiality until the in vitro preovulatory development. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the effects of a sequential medium containing GH and/or IGF‐1 in the long‐duration in vitro culture of preantral ovarian follicles. Ovarian fragments were cultivated: first half (days 1–7), second half (days 7–14) or during 14 culture days. Treatments were identified as: αMEM+; GH → IGF‐1; IGF‐1 → GH and GH + IGF‐1. The culture was designed in 24‐well plates, in an incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2. The parameters of normality, viability, follicles (primordial/in developing) and follicle diameter were evaluated. In addition, the ultrastructure was confirmed with electron transmission microscopy. The results showed that the culture treated with GH → IGF‐1 kept the follicular normality and the viability until the 14th day of culture and increased both in the follicular development until 7th day and in the follicular diameter until 14th day, when compared to the control. The treatments IGF‐1 → GH and GH + IGF‐1 were not effective in the developing and follicular diameter after 7 days of culture, and also reduced the percentage of viability. It is concluded that the bovine preantral follicles cultured in the sequential medium treated with GH → IGF‐1 improved the follicular development until the first half of the culture and kept these parameters with normality, viability and ultrastructure until the second half of the in vitro culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine kinematic and kinetic differences in low and high intensity hand support impact loads during a forward handspring vault. A high-speed video camera (500 Hz) and two portable force platforms (500 Hz) were installed on the surface of the vault table. Two-dimensional analyses were conducted on 24 forward handspring vaults performed by 12 senior level, junior Olympic program female gymnasts (16.9 ±1.4 yr; body height 1.60 ±0.1 m; body mass 56.7 ±7.8 kg). Load intensities at impact with the vault table were classified as low (peak force < 0.8 x body weight) and high (peak force > 0.8 x body weight). These vaults were compared via crucial kinetic and kinematic variables using independent t-tests and Pearson correlations. Statistically significant (p < 0.001) differences were observed in peak force (t(24) = 4.75, ES = 3.37) and time to peak force (t(24) = 2.07, ES = 1.56). Statistically significant relationships between the loading rate and time to peak force were observed for high intensity loads. Peak force, time to peak force, and a shoulder angle at impact were identified as primary variables potentially involved in the determination of large repetitive loading rates on the forward handspring vault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on topics concerning sports medicine including sports injuries at the Olympics, hip arthroscopy and the correlates of motivation to practice physical activity among students.