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1. GEMAS: Spatial analysis of the Ni distribution on a continental-scale using digital image processing techniques on European agricultural soil data

Author: Jordan, Gyozo, Petrik, Attila, De Vivo, Benedetto, Albanese, Stefano, Demetriades, Alecos, Sadeghi, Martiya, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, W. De Vos, E. Dinelli, M. Ďuriš, A. Dusza-Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. M. A. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, M. Kaminari, J. Kirby, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, M. McLaughlin, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, C. Reimann, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, E. Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, J. M. Soriano-Disla, A. Šorša, R. Svrkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević and Z. Zomeni., Jordan, Gyozo, Petrik, Attila, De Vivo, Benedetto, Albanese, Stefano, Demetriades, Aleco, Sadeghi, Martiya, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-lan, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Ladenberger, A., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Négrel, P., O'Connor, P., Oorts, K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Reimann, C., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J. M., Šorša, A., Svrkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., D. Vidojević and Z. Zomeni., and The GEMAS Project Team: M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, W. De Vos, E. Dinelli, M.Ďuriš, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D.M.A. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J.Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, M. Kaminari, J. Kirby, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, M. McLaughlin, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R.G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oorts, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, C. Reimann, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, E. Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, J.M. Soriano-Disla, A. Šorša, R. Svrkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V.Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević and Z. Zomeni
Subjects: Outcrop, Lithology, Soil science, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Numerical differential calculation, Soil parent material, Geochemistry and Petrology, Ultramafic rock, Spatial pattern, Digital image processing, Lineament analysi, Univariate statistic, Common spatial pattern, Economic Geology, Economic geology, Scale (map), Geomorphology, Geology, Smoothing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This study demonstrates the use of digital image processing for the spatial pattern recognition and characterisation of Ni concentrations in topsoil in Europe. Moving average smoothing was applied to the TIN-interpolated grid model to suppress small irregularities. Digital image processing was applied then to the grid. Several NE-SW, E-W and NW-SE oriented features were revealed at the continental scale. The dominant NE-SW linear features follow the Variscan and Alpine orogenies. The highest variability zones are in the Alps and the Balkans where mafic and ultramafic rocks outcrop. A single major E-W oriented north-facing feature runs along the last continental glaciation zone. This zone also coincides with a series of local maxima in Ni concentration along the glaciofluvial deposits. The NW-SE elongated features are located in the Pyrenees, northern Italy, Hellas and Fennoscandia. This study demonstrates the advantages of digital image processing analysis in identifying and characterising spatial geochemical patterns unseen before on conventional colour-surface maps.
Published: 2018
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2. GEMAS: Geochemical distribution of Mg in agricultural soil of Europe

Author: M. Fuchs, P. Kwecko, P. Hayoz, Jörg Matschullat, B. I. Malyuk, Anna Ladenberger, B. De Vivo, Stjepan Husnjak, Rainer Baritz, V. Verougstraete, S. Pfleiderer, E. Haslinger, P. O'Connor, V. Gregorauskiene, Andreas M. Zissimos, L. Janik, Philippe Négrel, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, Alecos Demetriades, V. Trendavilov, A. Dusza-Dobek, Jurian Hoogewerff, Clemens Reimann, Martiya Sadeghi, W. De Groot, G. Mol, R. Maquil, E. Sellersjö, A. Bel-lan, Enrico Dinelli, Belinda Flem, M. Kaminari, W. Petersell, Andreas Scheib, Annamaria Lima, Anna Pasieczna, R. Hoffmann, M. Andersson, Paolo Valera, R. Scanlon, V. Klos, I. Slaninka, M. Duris, S. Forrester, S. Pramuka, D. Mackovych, S. Radusinović, U. Fugedi, C. Prazeres, A. Gulan, W. De Vos, A. Mann, Ajka Šorša, Jason K. Kirby, F. Krone, Z. Zomeni, J. Kivisilla, G. Jordan, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, Rolf Tore Ottesen, Dee Flight, H. Hrvatovic, R. Srvkota, P. Sefcik, I. Salpeteur, Josip Halamić, Peter Filzmoser, D. P. Lucivjansky, Trajče Stafilov, F. Skopljak, M. Ponavic, Mateja Gosar, Stefano Albanese, R. G. Meuli, D. Vidojević, Maria João Batista, R. K. Oorts, A. Schedl, Domenico Cicchella, Timo Tarvainen, J. Locutura, A. Gilucis, I. Schoeters, U. Rauch, Mike J. McLaughlin, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Negrel, P., Ladenberger, A., Reimann, C., Birke, M., Demetriades, A., Sadeghi, M., Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-lan, A., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Duris, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flem, B., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fugedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., O'Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Ponavic, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Sorsa, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Negrel P., Ladenberger A., Reimann C., Birke M., Demetriades A., Sadeghi M., Albanese S., Andersson M., Baritz R., Batista M.J., Bel-lan A., Cicchella D., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Dinelli E., Duris M., Dusza-Dobek A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flem B., Flight D.M.A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fugedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamic J., Haslinger E., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kaminari M., Kirby J., Kivisilla J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwecko P., Kuti L., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky D.P., Mann A., Mackovych D., Matschullat J., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B.I., Maquil R., Meuli R.G., Mol G., O'Connor P., Oorts R.K., Ottesen R.T., Pasieczna A., Petersell W., Pfleiderer S., Ponavic M., Pramuka S., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinovic S., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A.J., Schoeters I., Sefcik P., Sellersjo E., Skopljak F., Slaninka I., Sorsa A., Srvkota R., Stafilov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojevic D., Zissimos A., and Zomeni Z.
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Lithology, Earth science, Weathering, Parent materials, Mineralogy, Total concentration, Partial extraction, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Aqua regia, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Land use, Bedrock, 15. Life on land, Karst, Soil quality, Parent material, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental science, Economic Geology
Abstract: Agricultural soil (Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm) samples were collected from 33 European countries as part of the GEMAS (GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil) soil-mapping project. The Mg data derived from total concentrations (XRF) and two acid digestion methods, aqua regia (AR) and Mobile Metal Ion (MMI®), were used to provide an overview of its spatial distribution in soil at the continental-scale. Magnesium is one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust and essential nutrient for plants and animals and its presence in soil is, therefore, important for soil quality evaluation. In this study, the geochemical behaviour of Mg in European agricultural soil was investigated in relation to a variety of soil parent materials, climatic zones, and landscapes. The chemical composition of soil reflects mostly the primary mineralogy of the source bedrock, and the superimposed effects of pre- and post-depositional chemical weathering, controlled by element mobility and formation of secondary phases such as clays. Low Mg concentrations in agricultural soil occur in regions with quartz-rich glacial sediments (Poland, Baltic States, N. Germany), and in soil developed on quartz-rich sandstone parent materials (e.g., central Sweden). High Mg concentrations occur in soil developed over mafic lithologies such as ophiolite belts and in carbonate-rich regions, including karst areas. The maximum extent of the last glaciation is well defined by a Mg concentration break, which is marked by low Mg concentrations in Fennoscandia and north-central Europe, and high Mg concentrations in Mediterranean region. Lithology of parent materials seems to play a key role in the Mg nutritional status of agricultural soil at the European scale. Influence from agricultural practice and use of fertilisers appears to be subordinate. Comparison of the continental-scale spatial distribution of Mg in agricultural soil by using the results from three analytical methods (XRF, AR and MMI®) provides complementary information about Mg mobility and its residence time in soil. Thus, allowing evaluation of soil weathering grade and impact of land use exploitation.
Published: 2021
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3. Distribution of Rb, Ga and Cs in agricultural land soils at European continental scale (GEMAS): Implications for weathering conditions and provenance

Author: Négrel, Philippe, Ladenberger, Anna, Reimann, Clemens, Birke, Manfred, Sadeghi, Martiya, The GEMAS Project Team: S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, E. Dinelli, M. Ďuriš, A. Dusza-Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. M. A. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwećko, L. Kuti, A. Lima, J. Locutura, D. P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, M. McLaughlin, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. O'Connor, R. K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, S. Pramuka, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A. J. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Šefčik, E Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, A. Zissimos and Z. Zomeni., Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geological Survey of Sweden, sgu, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Geological Survey of Norway, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Négrel, Philippe, Ladenberger, Anna, Reimann, Clemen, Birke, Manfred, Sadeghi, Martiya, and The GEMAS Project Team: S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, E. Dinelli, M. Ďuriš, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D.M.A. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwećko, L. Kuti, A. Lima, J. Locutura, D. P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, M. McLaughlin, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R.G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. O'Connor, R. K. Oorts, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, S. Pramuka, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A.J. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Šefčik, E Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, A. Zissimos and Z. Zomeni.
Subjects: Provenance, Weathering, Parent material, Fluorescence spectrometry, Geochemistry, Gallium, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural soil, Geochemistry and Petrology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Soil map, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bedrock, Trace element, Geology, 15. Life on land, Rubidium, Caesium, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Soil water, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Agricultural soil (Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm) samples were collected from a large part of Europe (33 countries, 5.6 million km2) as part of the GEMAS (GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil) soil mapping project. The soil data have been used to provide a general view of element mobility and source rocks at the continental scale, either by reference to average crustal abundances or to normalised patterns of element mobility during weathering processes. The survey area includes a diverse group of soil parent materials with varying geological history, a wide range of climate zones, and landscapes. Total concentrations of Rb, Ga, and Cs in European soil were determined by XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrometry). In addition, hot aqua regia available element concentrations were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ICP-MS. Their spatial distribution patterns are shown in geochemical maps. The spatial distribution of Rb, Ga and Cs in Ap soil is quite comparable for the aqua regia and XRF results. The Cs spatial pattern reflects best the large difference between trace element concentrations in northern Europe with predominantly low concentrations and southern Europe with approximately two times higher values. The maximum extent of the last glaciation is visible as a clear concentration break on the map. Lithology of the underlying bedrock is inferred as the major source of geochemical anomalies. In search for characterising the soil parent material and degree of weathering, the soil data were examined for Ga and Cs using two methods. First, the estimated degree of extractability DEi of an element in a sample was calculated by dividing aqua regia available concentrations by the total concentrations obtained by XRF analysis for Al, Na, Ca, K, Rb, Ga and Cs. The different DEi were investigated for 10 geological parent material subgroups (alkaline rocks, granite, calcareous rocks, basalt-mafic rocks, unclassified lithologies, Precambrian granitic gneiss bedrocks, loess, organic soils, schist and soil developed on coarse-grained sandy deposits). The role of clay as main carrier of Ga and Cs phases was inferred for soils developed on several types of bedrock such as granite, gneiss and alkaline rocks. Additionally, an affinity of Cs for loess and carbonate rocks has been observed.
Published: 2018
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4. Bioavailable 87 Sr/ 86 Sr in European soils: A baseline for provenancing studies

Author: Mike J. McLaughlin, M. Kaminari, F. Krone, S. Forrester, D. Mackovych, José M. Soriano-Disla, P. Sefcik, Anna Ladenberger, V. Klos, A. Gilucis, Robert Frei, O. Connor, Dee Flight, Thalita van Aswegen, Annamaria Lima, J. Locutura, Josip Halamić, V. Ernstsen, P. Hayoz, V. Gregorauskiene, M. Ďuriš, Philippe Négrel, Timo Tarvainen, G. Jordan, Jörg Matschullat, U. Rauch, S. Pfleiderer, B. I. Malyuk, W. Petersell, Martiya Sadeghi, M. Poňavič, Anna Pasieczna, Andreas Scheib, Stefano Albanese, Alecos Demetriades, H. Hrvatovic, Malcolm R. Reid, A. Schedl, Rolf Tore Ottesen, S. Radusinović, Jurian Hoogewerff, U. Fugedi, M. Andersson, I. Salpeteur, W. De Vos, M. Eklund, R. Scanlon, R. Maquil, A. Gulan, I. Schoeters, Paolo Valera, Enrico Dinelli, B. De Vivo, Stjepan Husnjak, Domenico Cicchella, Claudine H. Stirling, Rainer Baritz, Clemens Reimann, C. Reimann, F. Skopljak, V. Verougstraete, E. Sellersjö, Maria João Batista, C. Prazeres, I. Slaninka, O. A. Eggen, F. Kwećko, A. Mann, Ajka Šorša, J. Kivisilla, L. Janik, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, R. Hoffmann, D. Vidojević, M. Fuchs, Peter Filzmoser, S. Pramuka, D. P. Lucivjansky, Z. Zomeni, R. Srvkota, R. K. Oorts, Trajče Stafilov, E. Haslinger, R. G. Meuli, Karin Margarita Frei, V. Trendavilov, Aaron Clayton, A. Bel-lan, Andreas M. Zissimos, A. Dusza-Dobek, W. De Groot, G. Mol, Henriette Ueckermann, Jason K. Kirby, Hoogewerff J.A., Reimann C., Ueckermann H., Frei R., Frei K.M., van Aswegen T., Stirling C., Reid M., Clayton A., Ladenberger A., GEMAS Project Team: Albanese S., Andersson M., Baritz R., Batista M.J., Bel-lan A., Birke M., Cicchella D., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Dinelli E., Ďuriš M., Dusza-Dobek A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flem B., Flight D.M.A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fügedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamić J., Haslinger E., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kirby J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwecko P., Kuti L., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky P., Mann A., Mackovych D., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B.I., Maquil R., Matschullat J., Meuli R.G., Mol G., Négrel P., O'Connor P., Oorts K., Pasieczna A., Petersell V., Pﬂeiderer S., Poňavič M., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinović S., Sadeghi M., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A., Schoeters I., Sellersjö E., Slaninka I., Soriano-Disla J.M., Šorša A., Svrkota R., Staﬁlov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojević D., Zissimos A., Zomeni Z., Jurian A, Hoogewerff, Clemens, Reimann, Henriette, Ueckermann, Robert, Frei, Karin M, Frei, Thalita, van Aswegen, Claudine, Stirling, Malcolm, Reid, Aaron, Clayton, Anna, Ladenberger, Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Bel-lan, A., Birke, M., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., A Flight, D. M., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwećko, F., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., P Lucivjansky, D., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., Mclaughlin, M., I Malyuk, B., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., Negrel, P., Connor, O., K Oorts, R., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Pramuka, S, Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Reimann, C., Sadeghi, M., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., J Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Šefčik, P., Sellersjö, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J. M., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zissimos, A., and Zomeni, Z.
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Soil test, Strontium isotopes, European soils, Baseline, Provenancing, Archaeology, Forensic science, Reference data (financial markets), European soil, Soil science, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Kriging, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sampling (statistics), Variance (accounting), Pollution, Random forest, Chemistry, Soil water, Earth Sciences, Environmental science, Scale (map)
Abstract: We present Sr-87/Sr-86 isotope ratios for similar to 1200 selected soil samples, collected by the GEMAS consortium from grazing (Gr) and agricultural (Ap) soils in Europe with the aim to better understand the strontium isotope distribution in the bioavailable fraction of the top-soil and its potential for provenancing applications. Spatial analysis shows that there is a clear distinction between coastal (100 km) samples in their variance and that this variance is mirrored in the sodium concentration, suggesting an important but highly variable contribution from seaspray. We present two Sr-87/Sr-86 maps at 25 km x 25 km scale: one based solely on the measured data using a classical kriging approach and one based on a Random Forest model using complementary GEMAS data to predict the strontium isotope composition at the remaining 3000+ GEMAS sampling locations, including appropriate uncertainty assessment. Using a forensic Bayesian likelihood ratio approach, a tool was developed in R to create provenancing likelihood ratio maps. The maps delineate areas of high and low likelihood and allow investigators to direct their resources to areas of interest. For actual forensic case work either the measured or the modelled data can be used as reference data for the overall distribution of Sr-87/Sr-86 values in Europe. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved.
Published: 2019
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5. Prediction of the concentration of chemical elements extracted by aqua regia in agricultural and grazing European soils using diffuse reflectance mid-infrared spectroscopy

Author: J. M. Soriano Disla, L. Janik, M. J. McLaughlin, S. Forrester, J. K. Kirby, C. Reimann, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, E. Dinelli, W. De Vos, R. Dohrmann, M. Duris, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T. E. Finne, D. Flight, M. Fuchs, U. Fugedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamid, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, C. C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Ponˇavicˇ, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, I. Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevid, A. M. Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, ALBANESE, STEFANO, DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, LIMA, ANNAMARIA, J. M., Soriano Disla, L., Janik, M. J., Mclaughlin, S., Forrester, J. K., Kirby, C., Reimann, Albanese, Stefano, A., Arnoldussen, R., Baritz, M. J., Batista, A., Bel lan, M., Birke, D., Cicchella, A., Demetriade, E., Dinelli, DE VIVO, Benedetto, W., De Vo, R., Dohrmann, M., Duri, A., Dusza Dobek, O. A., Eggen, M., Eklund, V., Ernstsen, P., Filzmoser, T. E., Finne, D., Flight, M., Fuch, U., Fugedi, A., Giluci, M., Gosar, V., Gregorauskiene, A., Gulan, J., Halamid, E., Haslinger, P., Hayoz, G., Hobiger, R., Hoffmann, J., Hoogewerff, H., Hrvatovic, S., Husnjak, C. C., Johnson, G., Jordan, J., Kivisilla, V., Klo, F., Krone, P., Kwecko, L., Kuti, A., Ladenberger, Lima, Annamaria, J., Locutura, P., Lucivjansky, D., Mackovych, B. I., Malyuk, R., Maquil, R. G., Meuli, N., Miosic, G., Mol, P., Négrel, P., O’Connor, K., Oort, R. T., Ottesen, A., Pasieczna, V., Petersell, S., Pfleiderer, M., Ponˇavicˇ, C., Prazere, U., Rauch, I., Salpeteur, A., Schedl, A., Scheib, I., Schoeter, P., Sefcik, E., Sellersjö, F., Skopljak, I., Slaninka, A., Šorša, R., Srvkota, T., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, V., Trendavilov, P., Valera, V., Verougstraete, D., Vidojevid, A. M., Zissimo, and Z., Zomeni
Subjects: Coefficient of determination, Analytical chemistry, Mineralogy, Soil geochemistry, Pollution, Mid infrared spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, aqua regia, PLS models, agricultural and grazing land soil, Europe, EGS GEMAS Project, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Diffuse reflectance mid-infrared spectroscopy, Geochemistry and Petrology, Grazing, Soil water, Partial least squares regression, Environmental Chemistry, Aqua regia, Diffuse reflection, Spectroscopy, GEMAS project
Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop partial least squares (PLS) models to predict the concentrations of 45 elements in soils extracted by the aqua regia (AR) method using diffuse reflectance Fourier Transform mid-infrared (MIR; 4000–500 cm−1) spectroscopy. A total of 4130 soils from the GEMAS European soil sampling program (geochemical mapping of agricultural soils and grazing land of Europe) were selected. From the full soil set, 1000 samples were randomly selected to develop PLS models. Cross-validation was used for model training and the remaining 3130 samples used for model testing. According to the ratio of standard deviation to root mean square error (RPD) of the predictions, the elements were allocated into two main groups; Group 1 (successful calibrations, 30 elements), including those elements with RPD ⩾ 1.5 (the coefficient of determination, R2, also provided): Ca (3.3, 0.91), Mg (2.5, 0.84), Al (2.4, 0.83), Fe (2.2, 0.79), Ga (2.1, 0.78), Co (2.1, 0.77), Ni (2.0, 0.77), Sc (2.1, 0.76), Ti (2.0, 0.75), Li (1.9, 0.73), Sr (1.9, 0.72), K (1.8, 0.70), Cr (1.8, 0.70), Th (1.8, 0.69), Be (1.7, 0.66), S (1.7, 0.66), B (1.6, 0.63), Rb (1.6, 0.62), V (1.6, 0.62), Y (1.6, 0.61), Zn (1.6, 0.60), Zr (1.6, 0.59), Nb (1.5, 0.58), Ce (1.5, 0.58), Cs (1.5, 0.58), Na (1.5, 0.57), In (1.5, 0.57), Bi (1.5, 0.56), Cu (1.5, 0.55), and Mn (1.5, 0.54); and Group 2 for 15 elements with RPD values lower than 1.5: As (1.4, 0.52), Ba (1.4, 0.52), La (1.4, 0.52), Tl (1.4, 0.51), P (1.4, 0.46), U (1.4, 0.45), Sb (1.3, 0.46), Mo (1.3, 0.43), Pb (1.3, 0.42), Se (1.3, 0.40), Cd (1.3, 0.40), Sn (1.3, 0.38), Hg (1.2, 0.33), Ag (1.2, 0.32) and W (1.1, 0.19). The success of the PLS models was found to be dependent on their relationships (directly or indirectly) with MIR-active soil components.
Published: 2013
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6. GEMAS: Geochemical background and mineral potential of emerging tech-critical elements in Europe revealed from low-sampling density geochemical mapping

Author: M. Fuchs, P. Kwecko, E. Haslinger, P. O'Connor, R. G. Meuli, F. Skopljak, P. Hayoz, Z. Zomeni, P. Sefcik, W. De Groot, G. Mol, U. Rauch, M. Andersson, Trajče Stafilov, R. Srvkota, V. Klos, S. Pfleiderer, D. Vidojević, Paolo Valera, Josip Halamić, Stefano Albanese, R. Hoffmann, F. Krone, Belinda Flem, Anna Pasieczna, A. Gilucis, Alecos Demetriades, Peter Filzmoser, Annamaria Lima, I. Slaninka, D. P. Lucivjansky, S. Forrester, R. K. Oorts, D. Mackovych, M. Eklund, V. Gregorauskiene, Mateja Gosar, V. Verougstraete, L. Janik, Timo Tarvainen, S. Radusinović, U. Fugedi, M. Poňavič, Anna Ladenberger, W. De Vos, I. Schoeters, Jurian Hoogewerff, Clemens Reimann, M. Ďuriš, Philippe Négrel, E. Sellersjö, Martiya Sadeghi, W. Petersell, O. A. Eggen, Andreas Scheib, R. Maquil, A. Schedl, Jörg Matschullat, B. I. Malyuk, Domenico Cicchella, A. Mann, Ajka Šorša, J. Kivisilla, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, Enrico Dinelli, R. Scanlon, C. Prazeres, Andreas M. Zissimos, V. Trendavilov, A. Bel-lan, Dee Flight, A. Dusza-Dobek, H. Hrvatovic, I. Salpeteur, Jason K. Kirby, S. Pramuka, Mike J. McLaughlin, M. Kaminari, Rolf Tore Ottesen, J. Locutura, A. Gulan, V. Ernstsen, G. Jordan, Maria João Batista, B. De Vivo, Stjepan Husnjak, Rainer Baritz, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geological Survey of Sweden, sgu, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Geological Survey of Norway, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration (IGME), IGME, Negrel, P., Ladenberger, A., Reimann, C., Birke, M., Demetriades, A., Sadeghi, M., Albanese, S., Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., Flem, B., Bel-lan, A., Cicchella, D., De Vivo, B., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Duris, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fugedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, A., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Matschullat, J., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., O'Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Ponavic, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Sorsa, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Negrel P., Ladenberger A., Reimann C., Birke M., Demetriades A., Sadeghi M., Albanese S., Andersson M., Baritz R., Batista M.J., Flem B., Bel-lan A., Cicchella D., De Vivo B., De Vos W., Dinelli E., Duris M., Dusza-Dobek A., Eggen O.A., Eklund M., Ernstsen V., Filzmoser P., Flight D.M.A., Forrester S., Fuchs M., Fugedi U., Gilucis A., Gosar M., Gregorauskiene V., De Groot W., Gulan A., Halamic J., Haslinger E., Hayoz P., Hoffmann R., Hoogewerff J., Hrvatovic H., Husnjak S., Janik L., Jordan G., Kaminari M., Kirby J., Kivisilla J., Klos V., Krone F., Kwecko P., Kuti L., Lima A., Locutura J., Lucivjansky D.P., Mann A., Mackovych D., Matschullat J., McLaughlin M., Malyuk B.I., Maquil R., Meuli R.G., Mol G., O'Connor P., Oorts R.K., Ottesen R.T., Pasieczna A., Petersell W., Pfleiderer S., Ponavic M., Pramuka S., Prazeres C., Rauch U., Radusinovic S., Salpeteur I., Scanlon R., Schedl A., Scheib A.J., Schoeters I., Sefcik P., Sellersjo E., Skopljak F., Slaninka I., Sorsa A., Srvkota R., Stafilov T., Tarvainen T., Trendavilov V., Valera P., Verougstraete V., Vidojevic D., Zissimos A., and Zomeni Z.
Subjects: Antimony, Soil test, Weathering, Earth science, Sorting (sediment), Lithium, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Spatial distribution, Agricultural soil, 01 natural sciences, Tungsten, Geochemistry and Petrology, Environmental Chemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bedrock, 15. Life on land, Platinum group, Pollution, Weathering, Geochemistry, Critical elements, Geochemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Leaching (pedology), Spatial ecology, Environmental science, Critical element
Abstract: The demand for ‘high-tech’ element resources (e.g., rare earth elements, lithium, platinum group elements) has increased with their continued consumption in developed countries and the emergence of developing economies. To provide a sound knowledge base for future generations, it is necessary to identify the spatial distribution of critical elements at a broad-scale, and to delineate areas for follow-up surveys. Subsequently, this knowledge can be used to study possible environmental consequences of the increased use of these resources. In this paper, three critical industrial elements (Sb, W, Li) from low-sampling density geochemical mapping at the continental-scale are presented. The geochemical distribution and spatial patterns have been obtained from agricultural soil samples (Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm; N = 2108 samples) collected at a density of 1 site per 2500 km2 and analysed by ICP-MS after a hot aqua regia digestion as part of the GEMAS (GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil) soil-mapping project in 33 European countries. Most of the geochemical maps show exclusively natural background element concentrations with minor, or without, anthropogenic influence. The maximum extent of the last glaciation is marked as a discrete element concentration break, and a distinct difference occurs in element concentration levels between the soil of northern and southern Europe, most likely an effect of soil genesis, age and weathering. The Sb, W and Li concentrations in soil provide a general overview of element spatial distribution in relation to complexity of the underlying bedrock and element mobility in the surface environment at the continental-scale. The chemical composition of agricultural soil represents largely the primary mineralogy of the source bedrock, the effects of pre- and post-depositional chemical weathering, formation of secondary products, such as clays, and element mobility, either by leaching or mineral sorting. Observed geochemical patterns of Li, W and Sb can be often linked with known mineralisation as recorded in the ProMine Mineral Database, where elements in question occur either as main or secondary resources. Anthropogenic impact has only been identified locally, predominantly in the vicinity of large urban agglomerations. Unexplained high element concentrations may potentially indicate new sources for high-tech elements and should be investigated at a more detailed scale.
Published: 2019
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7. U-Th signatures of agricultural soil at the European continental scale (GEMAS): Distribution, weathering patterns and processes controlling their concentrations

Author: S. Forrester, D. Mackovych, H. Hrvatovic, Ignace Salpeteur, Enrico Dinelli, F. Krone, M. Poňavič, M. Kaminari, Rolf Tore Ottesen, V. Verougstraete, W. De Groot, G. Mol, M. Fuchs, P. Kwecko, L. Janik, Walter De Vos, M. Eklund, Maria João Batista, Annamaria Lima, José M. Soriano-Disla, Alecos Demetriades, V. Gregorauskiene, B. I. Malyuk, Anna Ladenberger, Mike J. McLaughlin, R. G. Meuli, A. Mann, R. Srvkota, Ajka Šorša, U. Rauch, S. Pfleiderer, Manfred Birke, L. Kuti, V. Petersell, M. Ďuriš, Philippe Négrel, P. Hayoz, Martiya Sadeghi, A. Dusza-Dobek, R. Scanlon, D. Vidojević, R. Hoffmann, C. Prazeres, I. Schoeters, Stefano Albanese, Jurian Hoogewerff, J. Locutura, Benedetto De Vivo, Jason K. Kirby, Anna Pasieczna, R. Maquil, A. Schedl, A. Gulan, Stjepan Husnjak, Domenico Cicchella, Rainer Baritz, S. Radusinović, U. Fugedi, M. Andersson, Timo Tarvainen, Paolo Valera, Koen Oorts, G. Jordan, Clemens Reimann, E. Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, O. A. Eggen, Andreas Scheib, Trajče Stafilov, E. Haslinger, P. O'Connor, P. Lucivjansky, Z. Zomeni, V. Klos, Peter Filzmoser, Mateja Gosar, V. Ernstsen, A. Gilucis, V. Trendavilov, A. Bel-lan, Josip Halamić, Dee Flight, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Geological Survey of Norway, Geological Survey of Sweden, sgu, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Geological Survey of Finland, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Institut Gilbert-Laustriat : Biomolécules, Biotechnologie, Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis (UNSA), Négrel, Philippe, De Vivo, Benedetto, Reimann, Clemen, Ladenberger, Anna, Cicchella, Domenico, Albanese, Stefano, Birke, Manfred, De Vos, Walter, Dinelli, Enrico, Lima, Annamaria, O'Connor, Patrick J., Salpeteur, Ignace, Tarvainen, Timo, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M.J., Bel-lan, A., Demetriades, A., Ďuriš, M., Dusza-Dobek, A., Eggen, O.A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D.M.A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, M., Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., De Groot, W., Gulan, A., Halamić, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., McLaughlin, M., Malyuk, B.I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R.G., Mol, G., Oorts, K., Ottesen, R.T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, V., Pfleiderer, S., Poňavič, M., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinović, S., Sadeghi, M., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A., Schoeters, I., Sellersjö, E., Slaninka, I., Soriano-Disla, J.M., Šorša, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojević, D., Zomeni, Z., Negrel, P., De Vivo, B., Reimann, C., Ladenberger, A., Cicchella, D., Albanese, S., Birke, M., De Vos, W., Dinelli, E., Lima, A., O'Connor, P. J., Salpeteur, I., Tarvainen, T., Batista, M. J., Duris, M., Eggen, O. A., Flight, D. M. A., Fugedi, U., Halamic, J., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Meuli, R. G., Ottesen, R. T., Ponavic, M., Radusinovic, S., Sellersjo, E., Soriano-Disla, J. M., Sorsa, A., and Vidojevic, D.
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Lithology, Weathering, Geochemistry, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, Aqua regia, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bedrock, Thorium, 15. Life on land, Pollution, chemistry, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Soil water, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Uranium, Mafic, agricultural soil, weathering, geochemistry, uranium, thorium, Calcareous
Abstract: Agricultural soil (Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm) samples were collected in Europe (33 countries, 5.6 million km2) as part of the GEMAS (GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil) soil-mapping project. The GEMAS survey area includes diverse groups of soil parent materials with varying geological history, a wide range of climate zones, and landscapes. The soil data have been used to provide a general view of U and Th mobility at the continental scale, using aqua regia and MMI® extractions. The U-Th distribution pattern is closely related to the compositional variation of the geological bedrock on which the soil is developed and human impact on the environment has not concealed these genuine geochemical features. Results from both extraction methods (aqua regia and MMI®) used in this study support this general picture. Ternary plots of several soil parameters have been used to evaluate chemical weathering trends. In the aqua regia extraction, some relative Th enrichment-U loss is related to the influence of alkaline and schist bedrocks, due to weathering processes. Whereas U enrichment-Th loss characterizes soils developed on alkaline and mafic bedrock end-members on one hand and calcareous rock, with a concomitant Sc depletion (used as proxy for mafic lithologies), on the other hand. This reflects weathering processes sensu latu, and their role in U retention in related soils. Contrary to that, the large U enrichment relative to Th in the MMI® extraction and the absence of end-member parent material influence explaining the enrichment indicates that lithology is not the cause of such enrichment. Comparison of U and Th to the soil geological parent material evidenced i) higher capability of U to be weathered in soils and higher resistance of Th to weathering processes and its enrichment in soils; and, ii) the MMI® extraction results show a greater affinity of U than Th for the bearing phases like clays and organic matter. The comparison of geological units with U anomalies in agricultural soil at the country scale (France) enables better understanding of U sources in the surficial environment and can be a useful tool in risk assessments.
Published: 2018
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8. GEMAS: Source, distribution patterns and geochemical behaviour of Ge in agricultural and grazing land soils at European continental scale

Author: Négrel, Philippe, Ladenberger, Anna, Reimann, Clemens, Birke, Manfred, Sadeghi, Martiya, The GEMAS Project Team: S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, M. Duris, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. M. A. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamic, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Lima, J. Locutura, D. P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, M. McLaughlin, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. O'Connor, R. K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Ponavic, S. Pramuka, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinovic, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A. J. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjo, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Sorsa, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevic, A. Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, DINELLI, ENRICO, Negrel, P., Ladenberger, A., Reimann, C., Birke, M., Sadeghi, M., Albanese, Stefano, Andersson, M., Baritz, R., Batista, M. J., BEL LAN, A., Cicchella, D., Demetriades, A., DE VIVO, Benedetto, DE VOS, W., Dinelli, E., Duris, M., DUSZA DOBEK, A., Eggen, O. A., Eklund, M., Ernstsen, V., Filzmoser, P., Flight, D. M. A., Forrester, S., Fuchs, Fügedi, U., Gilucis, A., Gosar, M., Gregorauskiene, V., DE GROOT, W., Gulan, A., Halamic, J., Haslinger, E., Hayoz, P., Hoffmann, R., Hoogewerff, J., Hrvatovic, H., Husnjak, S., Janik, L., Jordan, G., Kaminari, M., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, J., Klos, V., Krone, F., Kwecko, P., Kuti, L., Lima, Annamaria, Locutura, J., Lucivjansky, D. P., Mann, A., Mackovych, D., Mclaughlin, M., Malyuk, B. I., Maquil, R., Meuli, R. G., Mol, G., O'Connor, P., Oorts, R. K., Ottesen, R. T., Pasieczna, A., Petersell, W., Pfleiderer, S., Ponavic, M., Pramuka, S., Prazeres, C., Rauch, U., Radusinovic, S., Salpeteur, I., Scanlon, R., Schedl, A., Scheib, A. J., Schoeters, I., Sefcik, P., Sellersjo, E., Skopljak, F., Slaninka, I., Sorsa, A., Srvkota, R., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, T., Trendavilov, V., Valera, P., Verougstraete, V., Vidojevic, D., Zissimos, A., Zomeni, Z., Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Geological Survey of Sweden, sgu, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Geological Survey of Norway, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Négrel, Philippe, Ladenberger, Anna, Reimann, Clemen, Birke, Manfred, Sadeghi, Martiya, The GEMAS Project Team: S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriade, B. De Vivo, W. De Vo, Dinelli Enrico, M. Duri, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D.M.A. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuch, U. Fügedi, A. Giluci, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamic, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klo, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Lima, J. Locutura, D. P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, M. McLaughlin, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R.G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. O'Connor, R. K. Oort, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Ponavic, S. Pramuka, C. Prazere, U. Rauch, S. Radusinovic, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A.J. Scheib, I. Schoeter, P. Sefcik, E Sellersjo, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Sorsa, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevic, A. Zissimo, and Z. Zomeni
Subjects: Regosol, Soil production function, Weathering, Soil science, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Agricultural soil, 01 natural sciences, Soil survey, Soil series, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Soil map, Germanium, Geochemistry, Pedalfer, 15. Life on land, Pollution, Chemistry, Pedogenesis, Agriculture and Soil Science, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Earth Sciences, Geology
Abstract: International audience; Agricultural soil (Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm) and grazing land soil (Gr-horizon, 0–10 cm) samples were collected from a large part of Europe (33 countries, 5.6 million km2) as part of the GEMAS (GEochemical Mapping of Agricultural and grazing land Soil) soil mapping project. GEMAS soil data have been used to provide a general view of element mobility and source rocks at the continental scale, either by reference to average crustal abundances or to normalized patterns of element mobility during weathering processes. The survey area includes a diverse group of soil parent materials with varying geological history, a wide range of climate zones, and landscapes.The concentrations of Ge in European soil were determined by ICP-MS after an aqua extraction, and their spatial distribution patterns generated by means of a GIS software.The median values of Ge and its spatial distribution in Ap and Gr soils are almost the same (0.037 vs. 0.034 mg/kg, respectively). The majority of Ge anomalies is related to the type of soil parent material, namely lithology of the bedrock and minor influence of soil parameters such as pH, TOC and clay content. Metallogenic belts with sulphide mineralisation provide the primary source of Ge in soil in several regions in Europe, e.g. in Scandinavia, Germany, France, Spain and Balkan countries.Comparison with total Ge concentrations obtained from the Baltic Soil Survey shows that aqua regia is a very selective method with rather low-efficiency and cannot provide a complete explanation for Ge geochemical behaviour in soil. Additionally, large differences in Ge distribution are to be expected when different soil depth horizons are analysed.
Published: 2016
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9. GEMAS: Prediction of solid-solution partitioning coefficients (Kd) for cationic metals in soils using mid-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Author: Janik, Leslie J, Forrester, Sean T, Soriano Disla, José M, Kirby, Jason K, Mclaughlin, Michael J, Reimann, Clemens, The GEMAS Project Team [. . ., S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, M. Ďuriš, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. M. A. Flight, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwećko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, M. Sadeghi, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A. J. Scheib, I. Schoeters, E. Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, Z. Zomeni, DINELLI, ENRICO, Janik, Leslie J, Forrester, Sean T, Soriano-Disla, José M, Kirby, Jason K, Mclaughlin, Michael J, Reimann, Clemen, The GEMAS Project Team [.., S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriade, B. De Vivo, W. De Vo, E. Dinelli, M. Ďuriš, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D.M.A. Flight, M. Fuch, U. Fügedi, A. Giluci, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, V. Klo, F. Krone, P. Kwećko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R.G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oort, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, C. Prazere, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, M. Sadeghi, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A.J. Scheib, I. Schoeter, E Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, Z. Zomeni, and ]
Subjects: Principal Component Analysis, Cation, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Agriculture, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Models, Theoretical, Partial least squares regression, Solutions, Soil, Solid-solution partitioning coefficients (K-d), Metals, Cations, Linear Models, Soil Pollutants, Least-Squares Analysis, Mid-infrared spectroscopy
Abstract: Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models, using mid-infrared (MIR) diffuse reflectance Fourier-transformed (DRIFT) spectra, were used to predict distribution coefficient (Kd) values for selected added soluble metal cations (Ag(+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), Mn(2+), Ni(2+), Pb(2+), Sn(4+), and Zn(2+)) in 4813 soils of the Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soils (GEMAS) program. For the development of the PLSR models, approximately 500 representative soils were selected based on the spectra, and Kd values were determined using a single-point soluble metal or radioactive isotope spike. The optimum models, using a combination of MIR-DRIFT spectra and soil pH, resulted in good predictions for log Kd+1 for Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn (R(2) ≥ 0.83) but poor predictions for Ag, Cu, and Sn (R(2) 0.50). These models were applied to the prediction of log Kd+1 values in the remaining 4313 unknown soils. The PLSR models provide a rapid and inexpensive tool to assess the mobility and potential availability of selected metallic cations in European soils. Further model development and validation will be needed to enable the prediction of log K(d+1) values in soils worldwide with different soil types and properties not covered in the existing model.
Published: 2015

10. GEMAS: Prediction of solid-solution phase partitioning coefficients (Kd) for oxoanions and boric acid in soils using mid-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Author: Janik, Leslie J, Forrester, Sean T, Soriano Disla, José M, Kirby, Jason K, Mclaughlin, Michael J, Reimann, Clemens, the GEMAS research group [. . ., S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, M. _Duriš, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. M. A. Flight, M. Fuchs, U. Fügedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwećko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňnavić, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, M. Sadeghi, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A. J. Scheib, I. Schoeters, E. Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, Z. Z.o.m.e.n.i. , . . . ], DINELLI, ENRICO, Janik, Leslie J, Forrester, Sean T, Soriano-Disla, José M, Kirby, Jason K, Mclaughlin, Michael J, Reimann, Clemens and the GEMAS research group [.., S. Albanese, M. Andersson, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriade, B. De Vivo, W. De Vo, E. Dinelli, M. _Duriš, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D.M.A. Flight, M. Fuch, U. Fügedi, A. Giluci, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, W. De Groot, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, G. Jordan, M. Kaminari, V. Klo, F. Krone, P. Kwećko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, A. Mann, D. Mackovych, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R.G. Meuli, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oort, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňnavić, C. Prazere, U. Rauch, S. Radusinović, M. Sadeghi, I. Salpeteur, R. Scanlon, A. Schedl, A.J. Scheib, I. Schoeter, E. Sellersjö, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, Z. Zomeni., and ]
Subjects: Anions, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Anion, Partial least squares regression, Soil, Boric Acids, Soil Pollutants, Soil Pollutant, Environmental Chemistry, Metal/metalloid, Solid-solution partitioning coefficients (Kd), Solution, Least-Squares Analysis, Mid-infrared spectroscopy, Least-Squares Analysi, Geography, Medicine (all), Agriculture, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Models, Theoretical, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesi, Solutions, Europe, Calibration, Linear Models, Linear Model, Boric Acid
Abstract: The authors' aim was to develop rapid and inexpensive regression models for the prediction of partitioning coefficients (Kd), defined as the ratio of the total or surface-bound metal/metalloid concentration of the solid phase to the total concentration in the solution phase. Values of Kd were measured for boric acid (B[OH]3(0)) and selected added soluble oxoanions: molybdate (MoO4(2-)), antimonate (Sb[OH](6-)), selenate (SeO4(2-)), tellurate (TeO4(2-)) and vanadate (VO4(3-)). Models were developed using approximately 500 spectrally representative soils of the Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soils of Europe (GEMAS) program. These calibration soils represented the major properties of the entire 4813 soils of the GEMAS project. Multiple linear regression (MLR) from soil properties, partial least-squares regression (PLSR) using mid-infrared diffuse reflectance Fourier-transformed (DRIFT) spectra, and models using DRIFT spectra plus analytical pH values (DRIFT + pH), were compared with predicted log K(d + 1) values. Apart from selenate (R(2) = 0.43), the DRIFT + pH calibrations resulted in marginally better models to predict log K(d + 1) values (R(2) = 0.62-0.79), compared with those from PSLR-DRIFT (R(2) = 0.61-0.72) and MLR (R(2) = 0.54-0.79). The DRIFT + pH calibrations were applied to the prediction of log K(d + 1) values in the remaining 4313 soils. An example map of predicted log K(d + 1) values for added soluble MoO4(2-) in soils across Europe is presented. The DRIFT + pH PLSR models provided a rapid and inexpensive tool to assess the risk of mobility and potential availability of boric acid and selected oxoanions in European soils. For these models to be used in the prediction of log K(d + 1) values in soils globally, additional research will be needed to determine if soil variability is accounted on the calibration.
Published: 2015

11. GEMAS: PREDICTION OF SOLID-SOLUTION PARTITIONING COEFFICIENTS (K-d) FOR CATIONIC METALS IN SOILS USING MID-INFRARED DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY

Author: Janik, Leslie J., Forrester, Sean T., Soriano-Disla, Jose M., Kirby, Jason K., McLaughlin, Michael J., Reimann, Clemens, S., Albanese, M., Andersson, R., Baritz, M.J., Batista, A., Bel-lan, M., Birke, D., Cicchella, A., Demetriades, B., De Vivo, W., De Vos, E., Dinelli, M., Duris, A., Dusza-Dobek, O.A., Eggen, M., Eklund, V., Ernstsen, K., Fabian, P., Filzmoser, D.M.A. Flight, M., Fuchs, U., Fügedi, A., Gilucis, M., Gosar, V., Gregorauskiene, W., De Groot, A., Gulan, J., Halamiæ, E., Haslinger, P., Hayoz, R., Hoffmann, J., Hoogewerff, H., Hrvatovic, S., Husnjak, G., Jordan, M., Kaminari, J., Kivisilla, V., Klos, F., Krone, P., Kweæko, L., Kuti, A., Ladenberger, A., Lima, J., Locutura, D.P., Lucivjansky, A., Mann, D., Mackovych, B.I., Malyuk, R., Maquil, R.G., Meuli, G., Mol, P., Negrel, P., O'Connor, R.K., Oorts, R.T., Ottesen, A., Pasieczna, W., Petersell, S., Pfleiderer, M., Ponavic, S., Pramuka, C., Prazeres, U., Rauch, S., Radusinoviæ, I., Salpeteur, R., Scanlon, A., Schedl, A.J., Scheib, I., Schoeters, P., Sefèik, E., Sellersjö, F., Skopljak, I., Slaninka, A., ?or?a, R., Srvkota, T., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, V., Trendavilov, P., Valera, V., Verougstraete, D., Vidojeviæ, A., Zissimos, and Z., Zomeni
Subjects: Soil, Solid-solution partitioning coefficients (K-d), Cations, Mid-infrared spectroscopy, Partial least squares regression
Abstract: Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models, using mid-infrared (MIR) diffuse reflectance Fourier-transformed (DRIFT) spectra, were used to predict distribution coefficient (K-d) values for selected added soluble metal cations (Ag+, Co2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Sn4+, and Zn2+) in 4813 soils of the Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soils (GEMAS) program. For the development of the PLSR models, approximately 500 representative soils were selected based on the spectra, and K-d values were determined using a single-point soluble metal or radioactive isotope spike. The optimum models, using a combination of MIR-DRIFT spectra and soil pH, resulted in good predictions for log Kd+1 for Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn (R-2 0.83) but poor predictions for Ag, Cu, and Sn (R-2
Published: 2015
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12. Mercury in European agricultural and grazing land soils

Author: Ottesen R. T, Birke M., Finne T. E., Gosar M., Locutura J., Reimann C., Tarvainen T., the GEMAS project team S. Albanese, M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, M. Duris, A. Dusza, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. Flight, M. Fuchs, U. Fugedi, A. Gilucis, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamic, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, C. C. Johnson, G. Jordan, L. Kaste, B. Keilert, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, D. P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, P. McDonnell, R. G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, M. Ponhavic, S. Pramuka, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, H. Reitner, M. Sadeghi, I. Salpeteur, N. Samardzic, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, T. Stafilov, E. Sellersjö, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevic, Z. Zomeni, DINELLI, ENRICO, Ottesen R.T, Birke M., Finne T.E., Gosar M., Locutura J., Reimann C., Tarvainen T. and the GEMAS project team S. Albanese, M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriade, E. Dinelli, B. De Vivo, W. De Vo, M. Duri, A. Dusza, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, D. Flight, M. Fuch, U. Fugedi, A. Giluci, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamic, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, C.C. Johnson, G. Jordan, L. Kaste, B. Keilert, J. Kivisilla, V. Klo, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, D. P.Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, P. McDonnell, R.G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, A. Pasieczna, W. Petersell, M. Ponhavic, S. Pramuka, C. Prazere, U. Rauch, H. Reitner, M. Sadeghi, I.Salpeteur, N. Samardzic, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeter, P. Sefcik, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, T. Stafilov, E. Sellersjö, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevic, Z. Zomeni, R. T., Ottesen, M., Birke, T. E., Finne, M., Gosar, J., Locutura, C., Reimann, T., Tarvainen, Albanese, Stefano, M., Andersson, A., Arnoldussen, M. J., Batista, A., Bel lan, D., Cicchella, A., Demetriade, E., Dinelli, DE VIVO, Benedetto, W., De Vo, M., Duri, A., Dusza, O. A., Eggen, M., Eklund, V., Ernstsen, P., Filzmoser, D., Flight, M., Fuch, U., Fugedi, A., Giluci, V., Gregorauskiene, A., Gulan, J., Halamic, E., Haslinger, P., Hayoz, R., Hoffmann, J., Hoogewerff, H., Hrvatovic, S., Husnjak, C. C., Johnson, G., Jordan, L., Kaste, B., Keilert, J., Kivisilla, V., Klo, F., Krone, P., Kwecko, L., Kuti, A., Ladenberger, Lima, Annamaria, D. P., Lucivjansky, D., Mackovych, B. I., Malyuk, R., Maquil, P., Mcdonnell, R. G., Meuli, N., Miosic, G., Mol, P., Négrel, P., O’Connor, A., Pasieczna, W., Petersell, M., Ponavic, S., Pramuka, C., Prazere, U., Rauch, H., Reitner, M., Sadeghi, I., Salpeteur, N., Samardzic, A., Schedl, A., Scheib, I., Schoeter, P., Sefcik, F., Skopljak, I., Slaninka, A., Šorša, T., Stafilov, E., Sellersjö, V., Trendavilov, P., Valera, V., Verougstraete, D., Vidojevic, and Z. Z. o. m. e. n., I.
Subjects: Soil test, Cold climate, chemistry.chemical_element, mercurio, Agricultural soil, soil, GEMAS, chemistry.chemical_compound, mercury, agricultural and grazing land soils, Europe, EGS GEMAS Project, agricultura, Geochemistry and Petrology, Grazing, Environmental Chemistry, Aqua regia, clima, geología, Hydrology, business.industry, suelo, geoquímica, Pollution, Grazing soil, Mercury (element), chemistry, Agriculture, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, Smelting, MERCURY, business, Europa
Abstract: Agricultural (Ap, Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm) and grazing land soil samples (Gr, 0–10 cm) were collected from a large part of Europe (33 countries, 5.6 million km2) at an average density of 1 sample site/2500 km2. The resulting more than 2 × 2000 soil samples were air dried, sieved to, Geological Survey of Norway, Noruega, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Alemania, Geological Survey of Slovenia, Eslovenia, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España, Geological Survey of Finland, Finlandia
Published: 2013
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13. Geogenic and agricultural controls on the geochemical compostion of European agricultural soils

Author: R. Saaltink, J. Griffioen, G. Mol, M. Birke, C. Reimann, M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, E. Dinelli, W. De Vos, M. Duris, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, K. Fabian, P. Filzmoser, T. E. Finne, B. Flem, D. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fugedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, C. C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, M. McLaughlin, R. G. Meuli, N. Miosic, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňaviĉ, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, I. Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, A. M. Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, ALBANESE, STEFANO, DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, LIMA, ANNAMARIA, R., Saaltink, J., Griffioen, G., Mol, M., Birke, C., Reimann, Albanese, Stefano, M., Andersson, A., Arnoldussen, R., Baritz, M. J., Batista, A., Bel lan, D., Cicchella, A., Demetriade, E., Dinelli, DE VIVO, Benedetto, W., De Vo, M., Duri, A., Dusza Dobek, O. A., Eggen, M., Eklund, V., Ernstsen, K., Fabian, P., Filzmoser, T. E., Finne, B., Flem, D., Flight, S., Forrester, M., Fuch, U., Fugedi, A., Giluci, M., Gosar, V., Gregorauskiene, A., Gulan, J., Halamić, E., Haslinger, P., Hayoz, G., Hobiger, R., Hoffmann, J., Hoogewerff, H., Hrvatovic, S., Husnjak, L., Janik, C. C., Johnson, G., Jordan, J., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, V., Klo, F., Krone, P., Kwecko, L., Kuti, A., Ladenberger, Lima, Annamaria, J., Locutura, P., Lucivjansky, D., Mackovych, B. I., Malyuk, R., Maquil, M., Mclaughlin, R. G., Meuli, N., Miosic, P., Négrel, P., O'Connor, K., Oort, R. T., Ottesen, A., Pasieczna, V., Petersell, S., Pfleiderer, M., Poňaviĉ, C., Prazere, U., Rauch, I., Salpeteur, A., Schedl, A., Scheib, I., Schoeter, P., Sefcik, E., Sellersjö, F., Skopljak, I., Slaninka, A., Šorša, R., Srvkota, T., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, V., Trendavilov, P., Valera, V., Verougstraete, D., Vidojević, A. M., Zissimo, Z., Zomeni, SAALTINK R., GRIFFIOEN J., MOL G., BIRKE M. and the GEMAS Project Team C. REIMANN (PROJECT LEADER), S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BEL-LAN, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, E. DINELLI, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, O.A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, K. FABIAN, P. FILZMOSER, T.E. FINNE, B. FLEM, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIĆ, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, G. HOBIGER, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, C.C. JOHNSON, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R.T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, S. PFLEIDERER, M. POŇAVIĈ, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIĆ, A.M. ZISSIMOS, and Z. ZOMENI.
Subjects: fertilizers, genetic structures, Aardwetenschappen, Agricultural impact, Stratigraphy, Energy / Geological Survey Netherlands, Carbonate minerals, Geological Survey Netherlands, metals, Mineralogy, isotope composition, Agricultural soil, robust factor-analysis, Robust factor analysis, GEMAS, Soil geochemistry, Cation-exchange capacity, surface, continental-crust, Loss on ignition, Earth-Surface Processes, Total organic carbon, Milieukunde, Earth / Environmental, element concentrations, Soil chemistry, Environmental impact of agriculture, Alterra - Soil physics and land use, loess, Europe, GM - Geomodelling, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, extraction, impact, Robust factor analysi, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, Clay minerals, Geology, Geosciences, Alterra - Bodemfysica en landgebruik
Abstract: Purpose: Concern about the environmental impact of agriculture caused by intensification is growing as large amounts of nutrients and contaminants are introduced into the environment. The aim of this paper is to identify the geogenic and agricultural controls on the elemental composition of European, grazing and agricultural soils. Materials and methods: Robust factor analysis was applied to data series for Al, B, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, S, Se, Sr, U, Zn (ICP-MS) and SiO2, K2O, Na2O, Fe2O3, Al2O3 (XRF) based on the European GEMAS dataset. In addition, the following general soil properties were included: clay content, pH, chemical index of alteration (CIA), loss on ignition (LOI), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total organic carbon (TOC) and total carbon and total sulfur. Furthermore, this dataset was coupled to a dataset containing information of historic P2O5 fertilization across Europe. Also, a mass balance was carried out for Cd, Cu and Zn to determine if concentrations of these elements found in the soils have their origin in historic P2O5 fertilization. Results and discussion: Seven geogenic factors and one agricultural factor were found of which four prominent ones (all geogenic): chemical weathering, reactive iron-aluminum oxide minerals, clay minerals and carbonate minerals. Results for grazing and agricultural soils were near identical, which further proofs the prominence of geogenic controls on the elemental composition. When the cumulative amount of P2O5 fertilization was considered, no extra agriculture-related factors became visible. The mass balance confirms these observations. Conclusions: Overall, the geological controls are more important for the soil chemistry in agricultural and grazing land soils than the anthropogenic controls. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Published: 2013
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14. Ce, La and Y concentrations in agricultural and grazing-land soils of Europe

Author: M. Sadeghi, A. Ladenberger, M. Andersson, G. Morris, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel‐lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, E. Dinelli, W. De Vos, M. Duris, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T. E. Finne, D. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fugedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamić, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, C. C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, M. McLaughlin, R. G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Poňavič, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, C. Reimann, I. Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojević, A. M. Zissimos, Z. Z.o.m.e.n.i., PETROSINO, PAOLA, ALBANESE, STEFANO, LIMA, ANNAMARIA, DE VIVO, BENEDETTO, M., Sadeghi, Petrosino, Paola, A., Ladenberger, Albanese, Stefano, M., Andersson, G., Morri, Lima, Annamaria, DE VIVO, Benedetto, A., Arnoldussen, R., Baritz, M. J., Batista, A., Bel‐lan, M., Birke, D., Cicchella, A., Demetriade, E., Dinelli, W., De Vo, M., Duri, A., Dusza Dobek, O. A., Eggen, M., Eklund, V., Ernstsen, P., Filzmoser, T. E., Finne, D., Flight, S., Forrester, M., Fuch, U., Fugedi, A., Giluci, M., Gosar, V., Gregorauskiene, A., Gulan, J., Halamić, E., Haslinger, P., Hayoz, G., Hobiger, R., Hoffmann, J., Hoogewerff, H., Hrvatovic, S., Husnjak, L., Janik, C. C., Johnson, G., Jordan, J., Kirby, J., Kivisilla, V., Klo, F., Krone, P., Kwecko, L., Kuti, J., Locutura, P., Lucivjansky, D., Mackovych, B. I., Malyuk, R., Maquil, M., Mclaughlin, R. G., Meuli, N., Miosic, G., Mol, P., Négrel, P., O'Connor, K., Oort, R. T., Ottesen, A., Pasieczna, V., Petersell, S., Pfleiderer, M., Poňavič, C., Prazere, U., Rauch, C., Reimann, I., Salpeteur, A., Schedl, A., Scheib, I., Schoeter, P., Sefcik, E., Sellersjö, F., Skopljak, I., Slaninka, A., Šorša, R., Srvkota, T., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, V., Trendavilov, P., Valera, V., Verougstraete, D., Vidojević, A. M., Zissimo, Z. Z. o. m. e. n., I., Sadeghi, Martiya, Ladenberger, Anna, Andersson, Madelen, Morris, George, De Vivo, Benedetto, The Gemas Project team […, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BEL‐LAN, M. BIRKE, A. DEMETRIADES, E. DINELLI, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, O.A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T.E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIĆ, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POŇAVIČ, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIĆ, A. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, and …]
Subjects: Mineralization, REEs, GEMAS, FOREGS, Agricultural soli, Grazing land soil, business.industry, Soil science, REE, Agricultural soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, Alkali soil, chemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, Agriculture, Grazing, Soil water, Aqua regia, Economic Geology, business, Geology
Abstract: Ce, La and Y from agricultural (Ap) and grazing land (Gr) soils of Europe have been investigated using new geochemical data produced by the GEMAS (Geochemical mapping of agricultural and grazing land soils) project. Interpolated maps showing Ce, La, and Y distributions in Ap and Gr were generated using ArcView and classified with the concentration — area (CA) fractal method. The median values of the investigated elements show similar concentrations in Ap and Gr soils, while the median values obtained by XRF-total analyses are generally higher than those obtained by aqua regia extraction, ICP-MS (aqua regia). In general, high pH alkaline soils have higher REE concentrations while specific anomalies can often be correlated with known phosphate and REE mineralizations. The GEMAS and the topsoils media from the FOREGS (Forum of European Geological Surveys) Project databases are compared. FOREGS geochemical data shows larger extended anomalies, such as the European wide north–south division, which are difficult to attribute to local processes, while the GEMAS anomalies are spatially more restricted, and can be related to a number of more local factors (e.g., climate, geology, pH, clay content and presence of till).
Published: 2013

15. The use of diffuse reflectance mid-infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of the concentration of chemical elements estimated by X-ray fluorescence in agricultural and grazing European soils

Author: Soriano Disla J. M., Janik L., McLaughlin M. J., Forrester S., Kirby J., Reimann C., the EuroGeoSurvey GEMAS project team S. Albanese, M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, R. Dohrmann, M. Duris, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T. E. Finne, D. Flight, M. Fuchs, U. Fugedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamid, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, C. C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R. G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Ponhavic, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, I. Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevid, A. M. Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, DINELLI, ENRICO, Soriano-Disla J.M., Janik L., McLaughlin M.J., Forrester S., Kirby J., Reimann C., the EuroGeoSurvey GEMAS project team S. Albanese, M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriade, E. Dinelli, B. De Vivo, W. De Vo, R. Dohrmann, M. Duri, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T.E. Finne, D. Flight, M. Fuch, U. Fugedi, A. Giluci, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamid, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, C.C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kivisilla, V. Klo, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, R.G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, K. Oort, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Ponhavic, C. Prazere, U. Rauch, I. Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeter, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, T. Tarvainen, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevid, A.M. Zissimo, Z. Zomeni., J. M., Soriano Disla, L., Janik, M. J., Mclaughlin, S., Forrester, J. K., Kirby, C., Reimann, Albanese, Stefano, M., Andersson, A., Arnoldussen, R., Baritz, M. J., Batista, A., Bel???lan, M., Birke, D., Cicchella, A., Demetriade, E., Dinelli, DE VIVO, Benedetto, W., De Vo, M., Duri, A., Dusza Dobek, O. A., Eggen, M., Eklund, V., Ernstsen, P., Filzmoser, T. E., Finne, D., Flight, M., Fuch, U., Fugedi, A., Giluci, M., Gosar, V., Gregorauskiene, A., Gulan, J., Halamid, E., Haslinger, P., Hayoz, G., Hobiger, R., Hoffmann, J., Hoogewerff, H., Hrvatovic, S., Husnjak, C. C., Johnson, G., Jordan, J., Kivisilla, V., Klo, F., Krone, P., Kwecko, L., Kuti, A., Ladenberger, Lima, Annamaria, J., Locutura, P., Lucivjansky, D., Mackovych, B. I., Malyuk, R., Maquil, R. G., Meuli, N., Miosic, G., Mol, P., Négrel, P., O'Connor, K., Oort, R. T., Ottesen, A., Pasieczna, V., Petersell, S., Pfleiderer, M., Po??avi??, C., Prazere, U., Rauch, I., Salpeteur, A., Schedl, A., Scheib, I., Schoeter, P., Sefcik, E., Sellersjö, F., Skopljak, I., Slaninka, A., ??or??a, R., Srvkota, T., Stafilov, T., Tarvainen, V., Trendavilov, P., Valera, V., Verougstraete, D., Vidojevic, A. M., Zissimo, and Z. Z. o. m. e. n., I.
Subjects: SURFACE SOILS, PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES, Analytical chemistry, X-ray fluorescence, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pseudo-total elemental concentrations, mid-infrared spectroscopy, agricultural ans grazing land soils, Europe, EGS GEMAS Project, HEAVY-METALS, Geochemistry and Petrology, Partial least squares regression, Environmental Chemistry, Aqua regia, Spectroscopy, SINGLE EXTRACTION, Mid-infrared spectroscopy, Partial Least square, Cross-validation, COMPOSITIONAL DATA, Pollution, Fluorescence, CONTAMINATION, chemistry, Soil water, Diffuse reflection, Compositional data, BASE-LINE CONCENTRATIONS
Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop partial least squares (PLS) models to predict the concentrations of 45 elements in soils extracted with aqua regia (AR) using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. A total of 4130 soils from the GEMAS European soil sampling program (geochemical mapping of agricultural soils and grazing land of Europe) were selected and MIR spectroscopy used for the development of models to predict Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, W, Y, Zn and Zr concentrations extracted by AR. From the full soil set, 1000 samples were randomly selected for the development of the calibration models, with the remaining 3130 samples used for model validation. Partial least-squares calibration models were used to relate the infrared (IR) spectra and the elemental concentrations in soils. The PLS calibrations were validated using cross validation and elements classified as a function of residual predictive deviation (RPD) values and R2 of the predictions. According to the RPD and R2 values of the validations, the 45 elements were allocated into two main groups; Group 1 (successful calibrations), 30 elements including those elements with RPD and R2 values equal or higher than 1.5 and 0.55, respectively: Ca (3.3, 0.91), Mg (2.5, 0.84), Al (2.4, 0.82), Fe (2.2, 0.79), Ga (2.2, 0.79), Co (2.1, 0.77), Sc (2.1, 0.77), Ni (2.0, 0.76), Ti (2.0, 0.75), Li (1.9, 0.73), Sr (1.9, 0.73), Cr (1.8, 0.69), Th (1.8, 0.69), K (1.8, 0.68), Be (1.7, 0.66), V (1.7, 0.63), S (1.6, 0.64), B (1.6, 0.62), Y (1.6, 0.61), Zn (1.6, 0.61), Rb (1.6, 0.61), Zr (1.6, 0.59), Na (1.5, 0.57), In (1.5, 0.57), Nb (1.5, 0.57), Cs (1.5, 0.57), Ce (1.5, 0.56), Cu (1.5, 0.56), Bi (1.5, 0.55) and Mn (1.5, 0.55); and group 2 for 15 elements with RPD and R2 values lower than 1.5 and 0.55, respectively: As (1.4, 0.52), La (1.4, 0.52), Ba (1.4, 0.52), Tl (1.4, 0.51), P (1.4, 0.46), U (1.4, 0.46), Sb (1.3, 0.46), Mo (1.3, 0.43), Pb (1.3, 0.42), Se (1.3, 0.40), Cd (1.3, 0.40), Sn (1.3, 0.39), Hg (1.2, 0.33), Ag (1.2, 0.32) and W (1.1, 0.19). The success of the PLS calibration models to predict AR extracted elemental concentrations in soils was found to be dependent on their relationships (directly or indirectly) with soil components that showed significant absorbances in the MIR region.
Published: 2013
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16. Concentrations in Agricultural and Grazing-Land Soils of Europe. Journal of Geochemical Exploration

Author: Martiya Sadeghi, Paola Petrosino, Anna Ladenberger, Stefano Albanese, Madelen Andersson, George Morris, Annamaria Lima, Benedetto De Vivo, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-Lan, M. Birke, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, E. Dinelli, W. De Vos, M. Duris, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A.Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T.E. Finne, D. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U.Fugedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halami?, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, C.C. Johnson, G.Jordan, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D.Mackovych, B.I. Malyuk, R.Maquil, M. Mclaughlin, R.G.Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O'connor, K. Oorts, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, M. Po?avi?, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, C. Reimann, I. Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. ?or?a, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, and T. Tarvainen
Published: 2013

17. Arsenic in agricultural and grazing land soils of Europe

Author: Tarvainen T., Albanese S., Birke M., Poňavič M., Reimann C., the GEMAS Project Team M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M. J. Batista, A. Bel lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriades, B. De Vivo, W. De Vos, M. Duris, A. Dusza Dobek, O. A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T. E. Finne, D. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuchs, U. Fugedi, A. Gilucis, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamic, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, C. C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klos, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B. I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, M. J. McLaughlin, R. G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, K. Oorts, R. T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, C. Prazeres, U. Rauch, Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeters, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevic, A. M. Zissimos, Z. Zomeni, DINELLI, ENRICO, Tarvainen, T., Albanese, Stefano, Birke, M., Po??avi??, M., Reimann, C., GEMAS Project, Team, Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Dinelli, E., Lima, Annamaria, Valera, P., Tarvainen T., Albanese S., Birke M., Poňavič M., Reimann C., and the GEMAS Project Team M. Andersson, A. Arnoldussen, R. Baritz, M.J. Batista, A. Bel-lan, D. Cicchella, A. Demetriade, B. De Vivo, E. Dinelli, W. De Vo, M. Duri, A. Dusza-Dobek, O.A. Eggen, M. Eklund, V. Ernstsen, P. Filzmoser, T.E. Finne, D. Flight, S. Forrester, M. Fuch, U. Fugedi, A. Giluci, M. Gosar, V. Gregorauskiene, A. Gulan, J. Halamic, E. Haslinger, P. Hayoz, G. Hobiger, R. Hoffmann, J. Hoogewerff, H. Hrvatovic, S. Husnjak, L. Janik, C.C. Johnson, G. Jordan, J. Kirby, J. Kivisilla, V. Klo, F. Krone, P. Kwecko, L. Kuti, A. Ladenberger, A. Lima, J. Locutura, P. Lucivjansky, D. Mackovych, B.I. Malyuk, R. Maquil, M.J. McLaughlin, R.G. Meuli, N. Miosic, G. Mol, P. Négrel, P. O’Connor, K. Oort, R.T. Ottesen, A. Pasieczna, V. Petersell, S. Pfleiderer, C. Prazere, U. Rauch, Salpeteur, A. Schedl, A. Scheib, I. Schoeter, P. Sefcik, E. Sellersjö, F. Skopljak, I. Slaninka, A. Šorša, R. Srvkota, T. Stafilov, V. Trendavilov, P. Valera, V. Verougstraete, D. Vidojevic, A.M. Zissimo, and Z. Zomeni
Subjects: arsenic, agricultural and grazing land soils, Europe, EGS GEMAS Project, Soil test, genetic structures, Fluorescence spectrometry, chemistry.chemical_element, Agricultural soil, GEMAS, Arsenic, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Grazing, Environmental Chemistry, Aqua regia, Glacial period, Hydrology, Background value, Pollution, Grazing soil, Geochemistry, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, Environmental science, Inductively coupled plasma
Abstract: Arsenic concentrations are reported for the
Published: 2013
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18. The EuroGeoSurveys geochemical mapping of agricultural and grazing land soils (GEMAS) - Third quality control report

Author: REIMANN C., DEMETRIADES A., BIRKE M, EGGEN O. A., FILZMOSER P., KRIETE C., THE EUROGEOSURVEYS GEOCHEMISTRY EXPERT GROUP, S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M. J. BATISTA, A. BEL LAN, D. CICCHELLA, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA DOBEK, EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, T. E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIC, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B. I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R. G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIC, A. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, DINELLI, ENRICO, REIMANN C., DEMETRIADES A., BIRKE M, EGGEN O.A., FILZMOSER P., KRIETE C., THE EUROGEOSURVEYS GEOCHEMISTRY EXPERT GROUP, S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BEL-LAN, D. CICCHELLA, E. DINELLI, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, T.E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIC, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIC, A. ZISSIMOS, and Z. ZOMENI
Subjects: EUROPE, Pb isotope, QUALITY CONTROL, MIR, Agricultural soil, Grazing soil, GEMAS
Abstract: Evaluation and quality control results of particle size estimation by MIR prediction, Pb-isotope and MMI-extraction analysis and results of the GEMAS ring test for the standards Ap and Gr. Rigorous quality control (QC) is one of the keystones to the success of any regional geochemical mapping programme. For the EuroGeoSurveys (EGS) GEMAS (Geochemical mapping of agricultural and grazing land soils) project 2211 samples (including field duplicates) of agricultural soil (Ap, Ap-horizon, 0-20 cm) and 2118 samples (including field duplicates) from land under permanent grass cover ("grazing land" -Gr, topsoil 0-10 cm) were collected from a large part of Europe, centrally prepared (air dried, sieved to
Published: 2012

19. The geochemistry of Niobium and the distribution and relative mobility in agricultural soils of Europe

Author: SCHEIB A. J., FLIGHT D. M. A., BIRKE M., TARVAINEN T., LOCUTURA J., GEMAS PROJECT TEAM […, S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M. J. BATISTA, A. BELLAN, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA DOBEK, O. A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T. E. FINNE, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIZ, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B. I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R. G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIC, A. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, DINELLI, ENRICO, Scheib, J., Flight, D., Birke, M., Tarvainen, T., Locutura, J., Gemas, Team, Albanese, Stefano, Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Lima, Annamaria, Valera, P., SCHEIB A.J., FLIGHT D.M.A., BIRKE M., TARVAINEN T., LOCUTURA J., GEMAS PROJECT TEAM […, S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BELLAN, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, E. DINELLI, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, O.A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T.E. FINNE, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIZ, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIC, A. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, and …]
Subjects: baseline studies, clastic sediments, sampling, geochemical surveys, XRF, Niobium, Geochemistry, Fluorescence spectrometry, chemistry.chemical_element, metals, Agricultural soil, GEMAS, chemistry.chemical_compound, X-ray fluorescence spectra, Geochemistry and Petrology, Loess, Grazing, Aqua regia, chemical composition, mapping, mobilization, soils, General Environmental Science, agriculture, geochemical methods, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, sample preparation, geochemical mapping, aqua regia, extractability, sediments, land use, General Chemistry, Karst, Extractability, loess, residual soils, Volcanic rock, chemistry, Soil water, till, Geochemical mapping, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, niobium, Europa, GEMAS project, Geology, soil surveys, spectra surveys
Abstract: The Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural and Grazing Land Soil (GEMAS) project provides soil geochemical data for over 50 elements at a density of 1 sample per 2500 km2 across the European continent. Median baseline total concentrations of niobium (Nb) determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry in the 95% of Nb in soils can be considered ‘immobile’. All anomalous soil concentrations can be related to geogenic processes. Many of the elevated Nb concentrations are underlain by Hercynian granitic intrusions and alkaline volcanic rocks. High Nb levels also correspond to the occurrence of residual soils over karst areas of southeast Europe and, to some extent, loess deposits of central and Eastern Europe. Lowest Nb concentrations are found in soils developed on most recent glacial sediments of northern Europe. Comparison of the aqua regia extractable concentrations of Nb in both sample types collected within, British Geological Survey, Reino Unido, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Alemania, Geological Survey of Finland, Finlandia, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España
Published: 2012
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20. New soil composition data for Europe and Australia : Demonstrating comparability, identifying continental-scale processes and learning lessons for global geochemical mapping

Author: REIMANN C., DE CARITAT P., GEMAS PROJECT TEAM, NGSA PROJECT TEAM GEMAS PROJECT TEAM: S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M. J. BATISTA, A. BEL LAN, M. BIRKE, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA DOBEK, O. A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T. E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMID, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, G. HOBIGER, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, C. C. JOHNSON, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B. I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R. G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVID, A. M. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI NGSA PROJECT TEAM: E. BASTRAKOV, D. BOWBRIDGE, P. BOYLE, S. BRIGGS, D. BROWN, M. BROWN, K. BROWNLIE, P. BURROWS, G. BURTON, J. BYASS, P. DE CARITAT, N. CHANTHAPANYA, M. COOPER, L. CRANFIELD, S. CURTIS, T. DENARO, C. DHNARAM, T. DHU, G. DIPROSE, A. FABRIS, M. F.A.I.R.C.L.O.U.G.H. S. FANNING, R. FIDLER, M. FITZELL, P. FLITCROFT, C. FRICKE, D. FULTON, J. FURLONGER, G. GORDON, A. GREEN, G. GREEN, J. GREENFIELD, J. HARLEY, S. HEAWOOD, T. HEGVOLD, K. HENDERSON, E. HOUSE, Z. HUSAIN, B. KRSTESKA, J. LAM, R. LANGFORD, T. LAVIGNE, B. LINEHAN, M. LIVINGSTONE, A. LUKSS, R. MAIER, A. MAKUEI, L. MCCABE, P. MCDONALD, D. MCILROY, D. MCINTYRE, P. MORRIS, G. O’CONNELL, B. PAPPAS, J. PARSONS, C. PETRICK, B. POIGNAND, R. ROBERTS, J. RYLE, A. SEYMON, K. SHERRY, J. SKINNER, M. SMITH, C. STRICKLAND, S. SUTTON, R. SWINDELL, H. TAIT, J. TANG, A. THOMSON, C. THUN, B. UPPILL, K. WALL, J. WATKINS, T. WATSON, L. WEBBER, A. WHITING, J. WILFORD, T. WILSON, A. WYGRALAK, DINELLI, ENRICO, Reimann, C., de CARITAT, P., GEMAS Project, Team, Albanese, Stefano, Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Dinelli, E., Lima, Annamaria, Valera, P., NGSA Project, Team, REIMANN C., DE CARITAT P., GEMAS PROJECT TEAM, NGSA PROJECT TEAM GEMAS PROJECT TEAM: S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BEL-LAN, M. BIRKE, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, E. DINELLI, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, O.A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T.E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMID, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, G. HOBIGER, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, C.C. JOHNSON, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVID, A.M. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI NGSA PROJECT TEAM: E. BASTRAKOV, D. BOWBRIDGE, P. BOYLE, S. BRIGGS, D. BROWN, M. BROWN, K. BROWNLIE, P. BURROWS, G. BURTON, J. BYASS, P. DE CARITAT, N. CHANTHAPANYA, M. COOPER, L. CRANFIELD, S. CURTIS, T. DENARO, C. DHNARAM, T. DHU, G. DIPROSE, A. FABRIS, M. FAIRCLOUGH. S. FANNING, R. FIDLER, M. FITZELL, P. FLITCROFT, C. FRICKE, D. FULTON, J. FURLONGER, G. GORDON, A. GREEN, G. GREEN, J. GREENFIELD, J. HARLEY, S. HEAWOOD, T. HEGVOLD, K. HENDERSON, E. HOUSE, Z. HUSAIN, B. KRSTESKA, J. LAM, R. LANGFORD, T. LAVIGNE, B. LINEHAN, M. LIVINGSTONE, A. LUKSS, R. MAIER, A. MAKUEI, L. MCCABE, P. MCDONALD, D. MCILROY, D. MCINTYRE, P. MORRIS, G. O’CONNELL, B. PAPPAS, J. PARSONS, C. PETRICK, B. POIGNAND, R. ROBERTS, J. RYLE, A. SEYMON, K. SHERRY, J. SKINNER, M. SMITH, C. STRICKLAND, S. SUTTON, R. SWINDELL, H. TAIT, J. TANG, A. THOMSON, C. THUN, B. UPPILL, K. WALL, J. WATKINS, T. WATSON, L. WEBBER, A. WHITING, J. WILFORD, T. WILSON, and A. WYGRALAK
Subjects: Geologic Sediments, Environmental Engineering, topsoil, Geochemistry, Mineralogy, trace elements, Weathering, regolith, Major element, chemistry.chemical_compound, Soil, Environmental Chemistry, Aqua regia, Soil composition, Glacial period, Loss on ignition, quality control, geochemistry, major elements, tTrace elements, Waste Management and Disposal, Geography, Comparability, Australia, Geology, Pollution, Europe, chemistry, Soil composition, Europe, Australia, Soil water, Scale (map), Europa
Abstract: New geochemical data from two continental-scale soil surveys in Europe and Australia are compared. Internal project standards were exchanged to assess comparability of analytical results. The total concentration of 26 oxides/elements (Al2O3, As, Ba, CaO, Ce, Co, Cr, Fe2O3, Ga, K2O, MgO, MnO, Na2O, Nb, Ni, P2O5, Pb, Rb, SiO2, Sr, Th, TiO2, V, Y, Zn, and Zr), Loss On Ignition (LOI) and pH are demonstrated to be comparable. Additionally, directly comparable data for 14 elements in an aqua regia extraction (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, La, Li, Mn, Mo, and Pb) are provided for both continents. Median soil compositions are close, though generally Australian soils are depleted in all elements with the exception of SiO2 and Zr. This is interpreted to reflect the generally longer and, in places, more intense weathering in Australia. Calculation of the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) gives a median value of 72% for Australia compared to 60% for Europe. Element concentrations vary over 3 (and up to 5) orders of magnitude. Several elements (total As and Ni; aqua regia As, Co, Bi, Li, Pb) have a lower element concentration by a factor of 2–3 in the soils of northern Europe compared to southern Europe. The break in concentration coincides with the maximum extent of the last glaciation. The younger soils of northern Europe are more similar to the Australian soils than the older soils from southern Europe. In Australia, the central region with especially high SiO2 concentrations is commonly depleted in many elements. The new data define the natural background variation for two continents on both hemispheres based on real data. Judging from the experience of these two continental surveys, it can be concluded that analytical quality is the key requirement for the success of global geochemical mapping, Geological Survey of Norway, Noruega, Geoscience Australia, Australia
Published: 2012
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21. Lead and lead isotopes in agricultural soils of Europe: the continental perspective

Author: REIMANN C., FLEM B., FABIAN K., BIRKE M., LADENBERGER A., NÉGREL P., DEMETRIADES A., HOOGEWERFF J., GEMAS Project Team: […, S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M. J. BATISTA, A. BELLAN, M. BIRKE, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA DOBEK, O. A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T. E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIZ, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B. I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R. G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIC, A. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, DINELLI, ENRICO, Reimann, C., Flem, B., Fabian, K., Birke, M., Ladenberger, A., Negel, P., Demetriades, A., Hogewerff, J., GEMAS Team, Project, Albanese, Stefano, Cicchella, D., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Dinelli, E., Lima, Annamaria, Valera, P., Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Geological Survey of Norway, Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Geological Survey of Sweden, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration (IGME), IGME, REIMANN C., FLEM B., FABIAN K., BIRKE M., LADENBERGER A., NÉGREL P., DEMETRIADES A., HOOGEWERFF J., GEMAS Project Team: […, S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BELLAN, M. BIRKE, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, E. DINELLI, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, O.A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T.E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMIZ, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, H. REITNER, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVIC, A. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, and …]
Subjects: Lead, Lead isotopes, Agricultural soils of Europe, Soil test, Range (biology), Earth science, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Pb contamination, Mineralogy, edad, 010501 environmental sciences, lead isotope, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural soil, isótopo, GEMAS, Lead (geology), agricultura, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lead, Isotope, business.industry, plomo, Pollution, Europe, Mineral exploration, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, contaminación atmosférica, Soil water, business, Europa, Geology
Abstract: Lead isotopes are widely used for age dating, for tracking sources of melts, sediments, Pb products, food and animals and for studying atmospheric Pb contamination. For the first time, a map of a Pb isotope landscape at the continental-scale is presented. Agricultural soil samples (Ap-horizon, 0–20 cm) collected at an average density of 1 site/2500 km2 were analysed for Pb concentration and Pb isotopes (206Pb, 207Pb, 208Pb). Lead concentrations vary from 1.6 to 1309 mg/kg, with a median of 16 mg/kg. Isotopic ratios of 206Pb/207Pb range from 1.116 to 1.727 with a median of 1.202. The new data define the soil geochemical Pb background for European agricultural soil, providing crucial information for geological, environmental and forensic sciences, public health, environmental policy and mineral exploration. The European continental-scale patterns of Pb concentrations and Pb isotopes show a high variability dominated by geology and influenced by climate. Lead concentration anomalies mark most of the known mineralised areas throughout Europe. Some local Pb anomalies have a distinct anthropogenic origin, Geological Survey of Norway, Noruega, Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Alemania, Geological Survey of Sweden, Suecia, Service Métrologie Monitoring Analyse, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, Francia, Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Grecia, Oritain Global Ltd, Nueva Zelanda
Published: 2011
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22. Comparing results from two continental geochemical surveys to world soil composition and deriving Predicted Empirical Global Soil (PEGS2) reference values

Author: DE CARITAT P., REIMANN C., NGSA PROJECT TEAM, GEMAS PROJECT TEAM NGSA PROJECT TEAM: E. BASTRAKOV, D. BOWBRIDGE, P. BOYLE, S. BRIGGS, D. BROWN, M. BROWN, K. BROWNLIE, P. BURROWS, G. BURTON, J. BYASS, P. DE CARITAT, N. CHANTHAPANYA, M. COOPER, L. CRANFIELD, S. CURTIS, T. DENARO, C. DHNARAM, T. DHU, G. DIPROSE, A. FABRIS, M. F.A.I.R.C.L.O.U.G.H. S. FANNING, R. FIDLER, M. FITZELL, P. FLITCROFT, C. FRICKE, D. FULTON, J. FURLONGER, G. GORDON, A. GREEN, G. GREEN, J. GREENFIELD, J. HARLEY, S. HEAWOOD, T. HEGVOLD, K. HENDERSON, E. HOUSE, Z. HUSAIN, B. KRSTESKA, J. LAM, R. LANGFORD, T. LAVIGNE, B. LINEHAN, M. LIVINGSTONE, A. LUKSS, R. MAIER, A. MAKUEI, L. MCCABE, P. MCDONALD, D. MCILROY, D. MCINTYRE, P. MORRIS, G. O’CONNELL, B. PAPPAS, J. PARSONS, C. PETRICK, B. POIGNAND, R. ROBERTS, J. RYLE, A. SEYMON, K. SHERRY, J. SKINNER, M. SMITH, C. STRICKLAND, S. SUTTON, R. SWINDELL, H. TAIT, J. TANG, A. THOMSON, C. THUN, B. UPPILL, K. WALL, J. WATKINS, T. WATSON, L. WEBBER, A. WHITING, J. WILFORD, T. WILSON, A. W.Y.G.R.A.L.A.K. GEMAS PROJECT TEAM: S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M. J. BATISTA, A. BELLAN, M. BIRKE, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA DOBEK, O. A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T. E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMID, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, G. HOBIGER, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, C. C. JOHNSON, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B. I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R. G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVID, A. M. ZISSIMOS, Z. ZOMENI, DINELLI, ENRICO, de CARITAT, P., Reimann, C., NGSA Project, Team, GEMAS Project, Team, Albanese, Stefano, Cicchella, D., Dinelli, E., DE VIVO, Benedetto, Lima, Annamaria, DE CARITAT P., REIMANN C., NGSA PROJECT TEAM, GEMAS PROJECT TEAM NGSA PROJECT TEAM: E. BASTRAKOV, D. BOWBRIDGE, P. BOYLE, S. BRIGGS, D. BROWN, M. BROWN, K. BROWNLIE, P. BURROWS, G. BURTON, J. BYASS, P. DE CARITAT, N. CHANTHAPANYA, M. COOPER, L. CRANFIELD, S. CURTIS, T. DENARO, C. DHNARAM, T. DHU, G. DIPROSE, A. FABRIS, M. FAIRCLOUGH. S. FANNING, R. FIDLER, M. FITZELL, P. FLITCROFT, C. FRICKE, D. FULTON, J. FURLONGER, G. GORDON, A. GREEN, G. GREEN, J. GREENFIELD, J. HARLEY, S. HEAWOOD, T. HEGVOLD, K. HENDERSON, E. HOUSE, Z. HUSAIN, B. KRSTESKA, J. LAM, R. LANGFORD, T. LAVIGNE, B. LINEHAN, M. LIVINGSTONE, A. LUKSS, R. MAIER, A. MAKUEI, L. MCCABE, P. MCDONALD, D. MCILROY, D. MCINTYRE, P. MORRIS, G. O’CONNELL, B. PAPPAS, J. PARSONS, C. PETRICK, B. POIGNAND, R. ROBERTS, J. RYLE, A. SEYMON, K. SHERRY, J. SKINNER, M. SMITH, C. STRICKLAND, S. SUTTON, R. SWINDELL, H. TAIT, J. TANG, A. THOMSON, C. THUN, B. UPPILL, K. WALL, J. WATKINS, T. WATSON, L. WEBBER, A. WHITING, J. WILFORD, T. WILSON, A. WYGRALAK. GEMAS PROJECT TEAM: S. ALBANESE, M. ANDERSSON, A. ARNOLDUSSEN, R. BARITZ, M.J. BATISTA, A. BELLAN, M. BIRKE, D. CICCHELLA, A. DEMETRIADES, E. DINELLI, B. DE VIVO, W. DE VOS, M. DURIS, A. DUSZA-DOBEK, O.A. EGGEN, M. EKLUND, V. ERNSTSEN, P. FILZMOSER, T.E. FINNE, D. FLIGHT, S. FORRESTER, M. FUCHS, U. FUGEDI, A. GILUCIS, M. GOSAR, V. GREGORAUSKIENE, A. GULAN, J. HALAMID, E. HASLINGER, P. HAYOZ, G. HOBIGER, R. HOFFMANN, J. HOOGEWERFF, H. HRVATOVIC, S. HUSNJAK, L. JANIK, C.C. JOHNSON, G. JORDAN, J. KIRBY, J. KIVISILLA, V. KLOS, F. KRONE, P. KWECKO, L. KUTI, A. LADENBERGER, A. LIMA, J. LOCUTURA, P. LUCIVJANSKY, D. MACKOVYCH, B.I. MALYUK, R. MAQUIL, M. MCLAUGHLIN, R.G. MEULI, N. MIOSIC, G. MOL, P. NÉGREL, P. O'CONNOR, K. OORTS, R. T. OTTESEN, A. PASIECZNA, V. PETERSELL, PFLEIDERER, S., M. POHAVIC, C. PRAZERES, U. RAUCH, C. REIMANN, I. SALPETEUR, A. SCHEDL, A. SCHEIB, I. SCHOETERS, P. SEFCIK, E. SELLERSJÖ, F. SKOPLJAK, I. SLANINKA, A. ŠORŠA, R. SRVKOTA, T. STAFILOV, T. TARVAINEN, V. TRENDAVILOV, P. VALERA, V. VEROUGSTRAETE, D. VIDOJEVID, A.M. ZISSIMOS, and Z. ZOMENI.
Subjects: global soil composition, Soil test, Mineralogy, trace elements, Soil science, Weathering, regolith, chemistry.chemical_compound, Continental geochemical surveys, Soils, Predicted Empirical Global Soil, Geochemistry and Petrology, regolith, Critical Zone, geochemistry major elements, trace elements, global soil composition, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Aqua regia, Loss on ignition, geochemistry, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bedrock, continental crust, major elements, Australia, Soil chemistry, Regolith, lithology, Critical Zone, Pedogenesis, Geophysics, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Europa, Geology
Abstract: Analytical data for 10 major oxides (Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, K2O, MgO, MnO, Na2O, P2O5, SiO2 and TiO2), 16 total trace elements (As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Ga, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Th, V, Y, Zn and Zr), 14 aqua regia extracted elements (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, La, Li, Mn, Mo and Pb), Loss On Ignition (LOI) and pH from 3526 soil samples from two continents (Australia and Europe) are presented and compared to (1) the composition of the upper continental crust, (2) published world soil average values, and (3) data from other continental-scale soil surveys. It can be demonstrated that average upper continental crust values do not provide reliable estimates for natural concentrations of elements in soils. For many elements there exist substantial differences between published world soil averages and the median concentrations observed on two continents. Direct comparison with other continental datasets is hampered by the fact that often mean, instead of the statistically more robust median, is reported. Using a database of the worldwide distribution of lithological units, it can be demonstrated that lithology is a poor predictor of soil chemistry. Climate-related processes such as glaciation and weathering are strong modifiers of the geochemical signature inherited from bedrock during pedogenesis. To overcome existing shortcomings of predicted global or world soil geochemical reference values, we propose Preliminary Empirical Global Soil reference values based on analytical results of a representative number of soil samples from two continents (PEGS2)., Geoscience Australia, Australia, Geological Survey of Norway, Noruega, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España
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23. Systematic Literature Review of Barriers and Enablers to Implementing Food Informatics Technologies: Unlocking Agri-Food Chain Innovation.

Author: Orjuela-Garzon, William Alejandro, Sandoval-Aldana, Angélica, and Mendez-Arteaga, Jonh Jairo
Subjects: GLOBAL value chains, INDUSTRY 4.0, FOOD science, CONSUMER confidence, POLITICAL stability, AGRICULTURAL technology, INFORMATION technology security
Abstract: Access to food products is becoming more and more complex due to population growth, climate change, political and economic instability, disruptions in the global value chain, as well as changes in consumption dynamics and food insecurity. Therefore, agri-food chains face increasingly greater challenges in responding to these dynamics, where the digitalization of agri-food systems has become an innovative alternative. However, efforts to adopt and use the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution (precision agriculture, smart agriculture, the Industrial Internet of Things, and the Internet of Food, among others) are still a challenge to improve efficiency in the links of production (cultivation), processing (food production), and final consumption, from the perspective of the implementation of Food Informatics technologies that improve traceability, authenticity, consumer confidence, and reduce fraud. This systematic literature review proposes the identification of barriers and enablers for the implementation of Food Informatics technologies in the links of the agri-food chain. The PRISMA methodology was implemented for the identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion of articles from the Scopus and Clarivate databases. A total of 206 records were included in the in-depth analysis, through which a total of 34 barriers to the adoption of Food Informatics technologies (13 for the production link, 12 for the processing link, and 9 for the marketing link) and a total of 27 enablers (8 for the production link, 11 for the processing link, and 8 for the marketing link) were identified. Among the barriers analogous to the three links analyzed are privacy and information security and high investment and maintenance costs, while the analogous enablers are mainly government support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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24. Kuren in deutschen Moor- und Schlammbädern1

Author: F. Krone
Subjects: General Medicine
Published: 1934
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25. Book Reviews

Author: William C. Trier, Frank R. Camp, Augustus A. Hall, Albert J. Bauer, George E. Omer, Michael B. Monias, William F. Krone, Doss O. Lynn, and Sumner C. Kraft
Subjects: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine
Published: 1966
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26. Are Indonesian rice farmers ready to adopt precision agricultural technologies?

Author: Santoso, Agung B., Ulina, Evawaty S., Batubara, Siti F., Chairuman, Novia, Sudarmaji, Indrasari, Siti D., Pustika, Arlyna B., Sutrisna, Nana, Surdianto, Yanto, Rahmini, Aryati, Vivi, Manurung, Erpina D., Purba, Hendri F. P., Senoaji, Wasis, Kotta, Noldy R. E., Parhusip, Dorkas, Widihastuty, Mugiasih, Ani, and Lumban Tobing, Jeannette M.
Subjects: AGRICULTURAL technology, RICE farmers, PRECISION farming, GLOBAL Positioning System, INFORMATION technology, PYTHON programming language, FARMERS
Abstract: Precision agriculture technologies (PATs) are believed to be able to ensure the sustainability of rice production. However, the adoption of PATs in developing countries is much lower than in developed countries. The basic question of our research is how Indonesian rice farmers are ready to adopt precision agriculture since they are smallholder farmers. Data was collected from 521 rice farmers in five Indonesian provinces, i.e. North Sumatra, West Java, Yogyakarta, South Sulawesi, and East Nusa Tenggara, in 2023. Farmers were interviewed face to face using structured questionnaires. The data were analysed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) through the Python software. The results showed that Indonesian rice farmers have a moderate level of readiness. The mean value of the capabilities and opportunities indicators were 2.54 to 3.8, while the range for the opportunity's indicator is 3.23 to 4.11, larger than the capabilities indicators. The level of precision agriculture implementation on Indonesian rice farmers was significant influenced by management (β = 0.42, t = 7.11, p < 0.05), environment (β = 0.17, t = 3.63, p < 0.05), readiness (β = 0.14, t = 2.51, p < 0.05), and technology (β = 0.10, t = 2.12, p < 0.05), economy (β = 0.09, t = 3.63, p < 0.05), and technology2 (β = -0.072, t = 3.5, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, farmer readiness was significantly influenced by opportunity (β = 0.39, t = 6.64, p < 0.05) and capabilities (β = 0.43, t = 6.82, p < 0.05). This research provides information on the status of human resource capacity in exploiting opportunities for implementing precision agriculture and technical policy advice. The Indonesian government should improve farmers' skills in information technology, Global Positioning Systems (GPS), and sensor technology in agricultural sectors, and facilitate access to technology and resources in order to increase rice farmers' readiness to adopt PATs. For opportunity indicators, however, further research is needed to determine which components require immediate attention for construction or development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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27. Compliance with oral nutritional supplements and its influencing factors in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors: a cross-sectional study.

Author: Su, Liqing, Zhang, Jie, Jia, Lei, Dou, Wenyue, Li, Mengxue, Zhang, Yumeng, and Chang, Jian
Subjects: DIGESTIVE organ surgery, TUMOR surgery, POSTOPERATIVE care, PATIENT compliance, CROSS-sectional method, PEARSON correlation (Statistics), SURGERY, PATIENTS, T-test (Statistics), SELF-efficacy, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, MULTIPLE regression analysis, QUESTIONNAIRES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ANALYSIS of variance, SOCIAL support, DIETARY supplements, EDUCATIONAL attainment
Abstract: Background: Oral nutritional supplements are one of the preferred methods of nutritional support for postoperative patients. This study aims to investigate the current status of oral nutritional supplements compliance in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors and its influencing factors. Methods: Convenience sampling was employed to select 242 patients who underwent surgery for digestive tract tumors at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from October 2022 to July 2023 as the study subjects. Data following a normal distribution were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, ANOVA single-factor analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the factors influencing compliance with oral nutritional supplements. Results: A total of 252 questionnaires were distributed, with 10 invalid questionnaires excluded, resulting in an effective questionnaire rate of 96.03%. The compliance score for oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors was (2.40 ± 1.45), General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) score was (24.72 ± 4.86), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS) score was (58.67 ± 11.09), and Belief about Medicines Questionnaire Scale (BMQ) score was (0.17 ± 2.78). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, adverse reactions, educational level, self-efficacy, medication beliefs, and social support were factors influencing compliance with oral nutritional supplements in postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the compliance to oral nutritional supplements among postoperative patients with digestive tract tumors was at a moderate level and was closely associated with age, educational level, adverse reactions to oral nutritional supplements, medication beliefs, social support, and self-efficacy. Nursing staff should conduct nursing assessments based on the specific circumstances of patients and their families, provide personalized health education management plans based on the patients' educational level, enhance patients' nutrition knowledge, improve patient self-efficacy, and enhance social support for patients, while further improving patient nutrition management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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28. Obstetrical case report

Author: W F, KRONE
Subjects: Obstetrics, Labor, Obstetric, Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Pelvimetry, Pelvis
Published: 1959

29. Square the Circle: Diversity of Viral Pathogens Causing Neuro-Infectious Diseases.

Author: Nurmukanova, Varvara, Matsvay, Alina, Gordukova, Maria, and Shipulin, German
Subjects: TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, HIGH-income countries, CHILD mortality, ETIOLOGY of diseases, PATHOGENIC microorganisms
Abstract: Neuroinfections rank among the top ten leading causes of child mortality globally, even in high-income countries. The crucial determinants for successful treatment lie in the timing and swiftness of diagnosis. Although viruses constitute the majority of infectious neuropathologies, diagnosing and treating viral neuroinfections remains challenging. Despite technological advancements, the etiology of the disease remains undetermined in over half of cases. The identification of the pathogen becomes more difficult when the infection is caused by atypical pathogens or multiple pathogens simultaneously. Furthermore, the modern surge in global passenger traffic has led to an increase in cases of infections caused by pathogens not endemic to local areas. This review aims to systematize and summarize information on neuroinvasive viral pathogens, encompassing their geographic distribution and transmission routes. Emphasis is placed on rare pathogens and cases involving atypical pathogens, aiming to offer a comprehensive and structured catalog of viral agents with neurovirulence potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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30. Identification and functional analysis of a rare variant of gene DHX37 in a patient with 46,XY disorders of sex development.

Author: Jiang, Wei, Yu, Jing, Mao, Yu, Tang, Yunman, Cao, Li, Du, Qin, Li, Jianan, and Yang, Jiyun
Abstract: Background: 46,XY sex reversal 11 (SRXY11) [OMIM#273250] is characterized by genital ambiguity that may range from mild male genital defects to gonadal sex reversal in severe cases. DHX37 is an RNA helicase that has recently been reported as a cause of SRXY11. So far, a total of 21 variants in DHX37 have been reported in 58 cases with 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD). Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted to screen for variations in patients with 46,XY DSD. The subcellular localization of mutant DHX37 proteins was detected by immunofluorescence. And the levels of mutant DHX37 proteins were detected via Western blotting. Results: A novel pathogenic variant of DHX37 was identified in a patient with 46,XY DSD c.2012G > C (p.Arg671Thr). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the protein function of the variant was impaired. Compared with the structure of the wild‐type DHX37 protein, the number of hydrogen bonds and interacting amino acids of the variant protein were changed to varying degrees. In vitro assays revealed that the variant had no significant effect on the intracellular localization of the protein but significantly reduced the expression level of the protein. Conclusions: Our finding further expands the spectrum of the DHX37 variant and could assist in the molecular diagnosis of 46,XY DSD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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31. From complex data to clear insights: visualizing molecular dynamics trajectories.

Author: Belghit, Hayet, Spivak, Mariano, Dauchez, Manuel, Baaden, Marc, and Jonquet-Prevoteau, Jessica
Published: 2024
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32. Heavy metal residues in eggshells of Common Cranes (Grus grus) nesting in an agricultural region in north-eastern Germany.

Author: Barwisch, Isabel, Mewes, Wolfgang, Schmitz Ornés, Angela, and Guenther, Sebastian
Subjects: EGGSHELLS, HEAVY metals, CRANES (Birds), AGRICULTURE, BIRD eggs, HEAVY metal toxicology, COPPER
Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Ornithology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2024
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33. Demographic and Socioeconomic Determinants Affecting Uses of the Internet in Indonesia.

Author: Rajagukguk, Wilson, Adolf, Bastian H., and Medyawanti, Pane
Subjects: SOCIOECONOMIC factors, INTERNET, DIGITAL divide, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors
Abstract: The digital divide in Indonesia is rather big. This study aims to investigate the demographic and socioeconomic determinants affecting the quantity of uses of the Internet in Indonesia. The data used are based on the National Socioeconomic Survey in 2021. The object of the analysis is population aged 15 years and above possessing at least one digital gadget. The dependent variable is the purpose of the Internet use. The independent variables included gender, age, number of household members, marital status, education, employment status, place of dwelling, island of residence, and number of types of digital gadgets owned. A binary logistic regression model was employed in the analysis. The results of the study indicate that a higher quantity of uses of the Internet is associated with a female sex, younger age, smaller number of household members, unmarried status, higher education, dwelling in urban areas, living in Java Island, and owning more than one type of digital gadgets. These findings suggest the need to improve access to the Internet among men, older people, ever-married individuals, rural dwellers, and Outer Java inhabitants, to promote family planning, to improve education and accessibility of more types of digital gadgets in order to bridge the digital divide and to boost the global competitiveness index 4.0 in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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34. Farmers' Transition to Climate-Smart Agriculture: A Systematic Review of the Decision-Making Factors Affecting Adoption.

Author: Gemtou, Marilena, Kakkavou, Konstantina, Anastasiou, Evangelos, Fountas, Spyros, Pedersen, Soren Marcus, Isakhanyan, Gohar, Erekalo, Kassa Tarekegn, and Pazos-Vidal, Serafin
Abstract: Agriculture is currently facing major challenges related to ensuring the food security of a rising population and climate change with extreme weather patterns. At the same time, agriculture is a cause of environmental degradation, pollution and biodiversity loss. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is proposed as an approach that provides a roadmap to sustainable agricultural development. Despite this, farmer adoption rates of CSA practices and technologies in Europe remain low. This paper seeks to systematically review and synthesize the factors that facilitate or hinder farmers' uptake of CSA in Europe. Out of the 2827 articles identified in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, a total of 137 research articles were included for analysis following the PRISMA methodology. The factors are categorized into seven categories, namely socio-demographics, psychological, farm characteristics, practice/technology-related attributes, biotic/abiotic, systemic and policy factors, with the majority of the studies focusing on the first four categories, while systemic and policy factors are relatively understudied. The results highlight for the first time that the adoption of CSA does not depend solely on farmer characteristics but also on the food systems and structures in which farmers operate, as well as the interactions with other value chain actors. To promote the adoption of CSA practices, extension and advisory services along with access to timely and reliable information, play a vital role in increasing awareness and in the provision of training and the encouragement of farmers' behavioral shifts towards sustainable practices. From a technological point of view, adapting technologies to be easy to use, compatible with current farming objectives and cost-efficient will render them less risky investments for farmers and will foster adoption rates. Finally, support from the government in terms of financial support, subsidies and reduced bureaucratic procedures is crucial for motivating CSA adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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35. Observing the fragmentation of two expanding bullet types and a full metal-jacketed bullet with computed tomography—a forensic ballistics case study.

Author: Oura, Petteri, Niinimäki, Jaakko, Brix, Mikael, Lammentausta, Eveliina, Liimatainen, Timo, Junno, Alina, and Junno, Juho-Antti
Subjects: COMPUTED tomography, BALLISTICS, BULLETS, GUNSHOT wounds, FIRE testing
Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) may have a crucial role in the forensic documentation and analysis of firearm injuries. The aim of this forensic ballistics case study was to explore whether two types of expanding bullets and a full metal-jacketed bullet could be differentiated by inspecting bullet fragments and fragmentation pattern in CT. Three types of.30 caliber bullets (full metal-jacketed Norma Jaktmatch, expanding full-copper Norma Ecostrike, and expanding soft-point Norma Oryx) were test fired from a distance of 5 m to blocks of 10% ballistic gelatine. CT scans of the blocks were obtained with clinical equipment and metal artifact reduction. Radiopaque fragments were identified and fragmentation parameters were obtained from the scans (total number of fragments, maximum diameter of the largest fragment, distance between entrance and the closest fragment, length of the fragment cloud, and maximum diameters of the fragment cloud). The fragmentation patterns were additionally visualized by means of 3D reconstruction. In CT, the bullet types differed in several fragmentation parameters. While the expanding full-copper bullet Ecostrike left behind only a single fragment near the end of the bullet channel, the soft-point Oryx had hundreds of fragments deposited throughout the channel. For both expanding bullets Ecostrike and Oryx, the fragments were clearly smaller than those left behind by the full metal-jacketed Jaktmatch. This was surprising as the full metal-jacketed bullet was expected to remain intact. The fragment cloud of Jaktmatch had similar mediolateral and superoinferior diameters to that of Oryx; however, fragments were deposited in the second half of the gelatine block, and not throughout the block. This case study provides a basis and potential methodology for further experiments. The findings are expected to benefit forensic practitioners with limited background information on gunshot injury cases, for example, those that involve several potential firearms or atypical gunshot wounds. The findings may prove beneficial for both human and wildlife forensics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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36. INDICANURIA IN DERMATOLOGY

Author: F. Krone and Ivan H. McCaw
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, Indicanuria, Dermatology, business
Published: 1924
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37. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GYNECOLOGICAL PATIENTS RECEIVING CONTINUOUS EPIDURAL ANALGESIA (CEA) VERSUS PATIENT CONTROLLED ANALGESIA (PCA) FOR MANAGEMENT OF POSTOPERATIVE PAIN

Author: K F Krone, James C. Crews, Donald D. Denson, Richard V. Gregg, and Donna Knarr
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Patient-controlled analgesia, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Anesthesia, Postoperative pain, medicine, business, Surgery
Published: 1989
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38. Analysing environmental opinion using highly customisable visualisation tools to understand citizens' attitudes and barriers.

Author: Calvo, Luz, Terrado, Marta, Pérez-Montoro, Mario, Vélez, Diana F., and Cucchietti, Fernando
Subjects: CITIZEN attitudes, CITIZENS, PUBLIC opinion, PUBLIC opinion polls, ATTITUDES toward the environment, HANDLES, SUSTAINABILITY
Abstract: Knowledge of public opinion is key to understanding citizens' attitudes towards environmental policies. However, large polls and surveys generate complex datasets from which it is not always easy to draw conclusions. In addition, tailor-made solutions for analysing public opinion face the challenge of handling too many layers of information, which can easily lead to an overwhelming user experience and impair decision-making. Service design methodologies can support the design of ad hoc visualisation tools focused on user needs. We present Op-e-nion, a case study of a visualisation tool for the analysis of public opinion regarding environmental issues, aimed at administrations and public institutions. The involvement of experts from different fields allowed for the identification of the main metrics necessary to target the least engaged socio-demographic groups as well as the barriers that limited their environmental actions. Experts also highlighted useful aspects of the design process and the final prototype to help them define more effective campaigns and policies to address social challenges and promote citizen action. An innovative step was introduced in the methodology by involving non-state actors in the evaluation of the tool, ensuring problem detection and enhancing the sustainability of the final product. Important aspects for the visualisation of multi-categorical data included simplifying the interaction with the tool while prioritising relevant information, and using highly customizable visualisations to answer specific user requirements and changing needs (i.e. analytical vs. managerial tasks). Improved visualisations of public opinion data will, in turn, better support the development of policies shaped by citizens' concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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39. Listening to life: Sonification for enhancing discovery in biological research.

Author: Braun R, Tfirn M, and Ford RM
Subjects: Sonication, Biomedical Research, Biological Science Disciplines
Abstract: Sonification, or the practice of generating sound from data, is a promising alternative or complement to data visualization for exploring research questions in the life sciences. Expressing or communicating data in the form of sound rather than graphs, tables, or renderings can provide a secondary information source for multitasking or remote monitoring purposes or make data accessible when visualizations cannot be used. While popular in astronomy, neuroscience, and geophysics as a technique for data exploration and communication, its potential in the biological and biotechnological sciences has not been fully explored. In this review, we introduce sonification as a concept, some examples of how sonification has been used to address areas of interest in biology, and the history of the technique. We then highlight a selection of biology-related publications that involve sonifications of DNA datasets and protein datasets, sonifications for data collection and interpretation, and sonifications aimed to improve science communication and accessibility. Through this review, we aim to show how sonification has been used both as a discovery tool and a communication tool and to inspire more life-science researchers to incorporate sonification into their own studies., (© 2024 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Published: 2024
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40. Factors Associated With Persisting Olfactory Dysfunction After COVID-19.

Author: Prem B, Liu DT, Boehme K, Maurer MT, Renner B, and Mueller CA
Abstract: Background: Fortunately, the majority of COVID-19 patients recover from olfactory dysfunction (OD) within the first couple of weeks. However, from approximately 5% up to 20% continue to suffer from OD even more than 1 year after the onset. Nonetheless, factors associated with long-lasting OD are hardly known. The aim of this study was to identify favourable and disadvantageous markers of persisting OD in COVID-19 patients., Methodology: Sixty-six patients (46 female; mean age: 39.9 years) that suffer from OD longer than 6 months due to laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection have participated in this longitudinal study. Participants completed comprehensive psychophysical chemosensory tests (i.e., Sniffin' Sticks = TDI) and questionnaires twice at our department-on average 219 ± 80 (T-1) and 489 ± 89 (T-2) days after the onset of symptoms, respectively. Olfactory recovery rates were associated with demographic factors and questionnaires using linear regression analysis., Results: Patients below 40 years of age improved better (TDI: 4.1 ± 4.3 vs. 0.7 ± 5.8; p = 0.008) and achieved statistically significant higher scores (TDI: 31.5 ± 4.0 vs. 27.3 ± 6.7; p = 0.033) regarding psychophysical chemosensory tests. Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed that parosmia was associated with worse orthonasal smell function (T-1: β = -0.346, p = 0.004; T-2: β = -0.384, p = 0.001), especially concerning identification subtest (T-1: β = -0.395, p = 0.001; T-2: β = -0.398, p < 0.001). Moreover, increasing parosmia between T-1and T-2 led to worse orthonasal olfactory function (β = -0.294, p = 0.016)., Conclusions: Older age and parosmia seem to be unfavourable factors of persisting OD in COVID-19 patients., (© 2024 The Author(s). Clinical Otolaryngology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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41. Seroprevalence of Campylobacter jejuni infection in common subtypes of Guillain–Barre syndrome in Kashmiri population.

Author: Mir, Feroze, Dar, Waseem, Yaqoob, Arjimand, Wani, Maqbool, Asmi, Ravouf, and Wani, Mushtaq
Subjects: CAMPYLOBACTER jejuni, CAMPYLOBACTER infections, GUILLAIN-Barre syndrome, SEROPREVALENCE, DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis
Abstract: Background: Guillain–Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a common differential diagnosis of acute-onset flaccid quadriparesis with or without bulbar involvement. Various illnesses precede GBS, respiratory illness being the most common. Campylobacter jejuni is the single most common organism found associated with GBS. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni positivity in different subtypes of GBS. Methods: Sixty patients of GBS were tested for serological evidence of Campylobacter jejuni and compared with 60 age and sex matched controls. Results: Mean age of cases was 39.58 (± 14.76 years) and that of controls was 35 (± 12.31 years). Preceding illness was present in 38% cases. Respiratory tract illness was present in 9 (15%) cases, while as GI illness was present in 8 (13%) cases. AIDP was the most common variant accounting for 65% of cases, followed by AMAN (18.3%). Among cases, 24 (40%) tested positive for Campylobacter jejuni antibody whereas only 12 (20%) tested positive for antibody among controls. The difference was statistically significant between cases and controls (p value = 0.003). There was no statistically significant difference in antibody positivity and preceding illness among different variants of GBS (p value = 1.0). Conclusion: Campylobacter jejuni infection is a frequent preceding illness in GBS patients, although it may be asymptomatic. There is however no relation between different subtypes of GBS and C. jejuni infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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42. On skunk rabies and its prevention in North America.

Author: Velasco‐Villa, Andres
Subjects: RABIES, EMERGING infectious diseases, VECTOR-borne diseases, RABIES vaccines, RACCOON
Abstract: However, some efforts have been conducted in the US and Canada to reduce or mitigate the associated risks that imply the expansion of skunk rabies outbreaks, or the establishment of new RVVs in certain skunk populations (Elmore et al., [13]; Fehlner-Gardiner et al., [15]; Slate et al., [37]). Albeit their divergent origins, all RVVs circulating in North American skunk populations seem to be virulent and capable of causing rabies in any sympatric mammal that a rabid skunk may encounter (Barton & Wisely, [3]; Charlton et al., [8]; Hill et al., [22]). There is no accurate estimation of the total number of rabies cases due to skunk RVVs or rabid skunk exposures in domesticated and wildlife animals throughout North America (Ma et al., [27]). Examples of outbreaks and the detection of non skunk-associated RVVs in skunks include a skunk rabies outbreak in Flagstaff Arizona, where skunk to skunk rabies transmission of a RVV maintained by big brown bats lasted over consecutive years, and southern Canada where intraspecific rabies transmission of the raccoon RVV in skunk populations sparked a rabies outbreak among skunks (Elmore et al., [13]). [Extracted from the article]
Published: 2023
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43. State of the Art of Molecular Visualization in Immersive Virtual Environments.

Author: Kuťák, David, Vázquez, Pere‐Pau, Isenberg, Tobias, Krone, Michael, Baaden, Marc, Byška, Jan, Kozlíková, Barbora, and Miao, Haichao
Abstract: Visualization plays a crucial role in molecular and structural biology. It has been successfully applied to a variety of tasks, including structural analysis and interactive drug design. While some of the challenges in this area can be overcome with more advanced visualization and interaction techniques, others are challenging primarily due to the limitations of the hardware devices used to interact with the visualized content. Consequently, visualization researchers are increasingly trying to take advantage of new technologies to facilitate the work of domain scientists. Some typical problems associated with classic 2D interfaces, such as regular desktop computers, are a lack of natural spatial understanding and interaction, and a limited field of view. These problems could be solved by immersive virtual environments and corresponding hardware, such as virtual reality head‐mounted displays. Thus, researchers are investigating the potential of immersive virtual environments in the field of molecular visualization. There is already a body of work ranging from educational approaches to protein visualization to applications for collaborative drug design. This review focuses on molecular visualization in immersive virtual environments as a whole, aiming to cover this area comprehensively. We divide the existing papers into different groups based on their application areas, and types of tasks performed. Furthermore, we also include a list of available software tools. We conclude the report with a discussion of potential future research on molecular visualization in immersive environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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44. A comparison of lead-based and lead-free bullets for shooting sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) in Australia.

Author: Hampton, Jordan O., Bengsen, Andrew J., Flesch, Jason S., Toop, Simon D., Davies, Christopher, Forsyth, David M., Kanstrup, Niels, Stokke, Sigbjørn, and Arnemo, Jon M.
Abstract: Context: In response to the toxic health threats posed by lead (Pb), there is currently a focus on transitioning to lead-free bullets for shooting wild animals. Aim: We aimed to quantify the killing efficiency and animal welfare outcomes of lead-based and lead-free (copper-based) bullets for ground-based shooting of sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) in Victoria, south-eastern Australia. Methods: We used shooter-collected data from recreational diurnal hunting and professional nocturnal culling during 2020–2021. Shooters recorded rifle calibre, cartridge type, bullet mass, bullet type, shooting outcomes (miss, wound or kill), shooting distance, flight distance (the distance between where the animal was shot and where it died) as an assumed positive correlate of time to incapacitation, anatomical zones struck by bullets, and frequency of bullet exit wounds. We used flight distance as our response variable, assuming that it is positively correlated with time to incapacitation. To examine the role of several predictor variables (including bullet type) potentially influencing flight distance, the dataset was reduced to those deer killed with a single thoracic shot. Key results: Our data captured shooting events involving 276 deer, with 124 deer shot at with lead-based bullets and 152 with copper-based bullets. Most (87%) of the deer were killed with a single shot. The frequency of non-fatal wounding was <4% for both bullet types and there was no distinct difference in the probability of a single shot kill for deer shot with either bullet type. For those deer killed with a single thoracic shot (n = 198), there was no evidence that bullet energy or shooting distance influenced flight distance. After accounting for differences in terminal kinetic energy, the mean flight distance of deer shot with lead-free bullets (35 m) was 56% greater than that of deer shot with lead-based bullets (22 m). Conclusions: Lead-based and lead-free bullets produced similar animal welfare outcomes for shooting sambar deer. Implications: A transition to lead-free ammunition for shooting sambar deer would have minimal impact on efficiency or animal welfare outcomes. There is increasing awareness of the threats posed by lead-based ammunition in Australasia. We quantified outcomes for 276 sambar deer shot at with lead-based and lead-free bullets and compared flight distances for 198 deer that were killed with a single thoracic shot. The two bullet types produced similar outcomes; hence, a lead-free transition would have few animal welfare trade-offs. Photograph by Geoff Rayment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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45. 64 Cu tumor labeling with hexadentate picolinic acid-based bispidine immunoconjugates.

Author: Kubeil M, Neuber C, Starke M, Arndt C, Rodrigues Loureiro L, Hoffmann L, Feldmann A, Bachmann M, Pietzsch J, Comba P, and Stephan H
Subjects: Animals, Rats, Humans, Mice, Tissue Distribution, Radiopharmaceuticals chemistry, Ligands, Male, Positron-Emission Tomography, Coordination Complexes chemistry, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic, Picolinic Acids chemistry, Copper Radioisotopes chemistry, Rats, Wistar, Immunoconjugates chemistry, Immunoconjugates pharmacokinetics
Abstract: Discussed are two picolinate appended bispidine ligands (3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives) in comparison with an earlier described bis-pyridine derivative, which are all known to strongly bind Cu II . The radiopharmacological characterization of the two isomeric bispidine complexes includes quantitative labeling with 64 Cu II at ambient conditions with high radiochemical purities and yields (molar activities >200 MBq/nmol). Challenge experiments in presence of EDTA, cyclam, human serum and SOD demonstrate high stability and inertness of the 64 Cu-bispidine complexes. Biodistribution studies performed in Wistar rats indicate a rapid renal elimination for both 64 Cu-labeled chelates. The bispidine ligand with the picolinate group in N7 position was selected for further biological experiments, and its backbone was therefore substituted with a benzyl-NCS group at C9. Two tumor target modules (TMs), targeting prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), overexpressed in prostate cancer, and the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in fibrosarcoma, were selected for thiourea coupling with the NCS-functionalized ligand and lysine residues of TMs. Small animal PET experiments on tumor-bearing mice showed specific accumulation of the 64 Cu-labeled TMs in PSCA- and FAP-overexpressing tumors (standardized uptake value (SUV) for PC3: 2.7±0.6 and HT1080: 7.2±1.25) with almost no uptake in wild type tumors., (© 2024 The Authors. Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)
Published: 2024
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46. An Alternative Regulation of Compensation Mechanisms for Electric Energy Transgressions of Service Quality Limits in Dispersed and Seasonal Areas.

Author: de Bitencourt, Julio A., Bernardon, Daniel P., Eichkoff, Henrique S., Garcia, Vinicius J., Silva, Daiana W., Chiara, Lucas M., Gomes, Renan L. B., Butto, Sebastian A., Barbosa, Solange M. K., and Pose, Alejandre C. A.
Subjects: ELECTRIC power distribution, POWER supply quality, ELECTRIC utilities, QUALITY of service, COMMERCIAL trusts, ECONOMIC indicators
Abstract: The evaluation of the quality of electric power distribution services in Brazil is regulated and monitored by the National Electric Energy Agency ANEEL, which uses metrics related to the duration frequency of power interruptions that occur in the power utilities' networks. The methodology applied by the agency to establish financial compensation due to violations of the quality standards does not take into consideration the consumers' production industry when establishing compensation for the transgression of service quality indicators. This study will analyze a case study of a group of industrial consumers linked to agribusiness in the southern region of Brazil, which have strongly seasonal use of distribution networks and are scattered in large, dispersed areas. Based on the evaluation of the impact of service quality indicators on financial compensation, a regulatory mechanism is proposed in the form of an interruptible tariff duly quantified in the form of a non-linear programming problem to find a discount range for uninterruptible tariffs. The results obtained with the real data for the group of irrigating consumers demonstrate the feasibility regarding the application of the proposed approach, whether due to the discounts offered or even the repercussions of the calculated financial amounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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47. Tissue distribution and correlations of heavy metals in wild birds from Southern Turkey: an ecologically important region on the west Palearctic migration route.

Author: Yipel, Mustafa, Tekeli, İbrahim Ozan, İşler, Cafer Tayer, and Altuğ, Muhammed Enes
Subjects: HEAVY metals, BIRD migration, COPPER, GOLDEN eagle, ANIMAL ecology, WHITE stork
Abstract: Even if some are essential for biological functions, the accumulation of heavy metals above tolerable physiological limits is potentially toxic to also wild animals. The present study aimed to investigate concentrations of environmentally relevant heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in feathers, muscle, heart, kidney, and liver tissues of wild birds (golden eagle [Aquila chrysaetos], sparrowhawk [Accipiter nisus], and white stork [Ciconia ciconia]) from Hatay province, southern Turkey. The metal concentrations of tissues were determined by a validated ICP-OES analysis method after microwave digestion. The concentration differences of metals in species/tissues and the correlations between essential/non-essential metals were determined by statistical analysis. According to the results, Fe (326.87±3.60 mg kg-1) had the highest, and Hg (0.09±0.00 mg kg-1) had the lowest mean concentration in all tissues. Compared to the literature; Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn concentrations were lower; Cd, Fe, and Mn concentrations were higher. The correlations between As and all essentials; Cd and Cu, Fe; Hg and Cu, Fe, Zn; Pb and all essentials were significantly positive. In the conclusion, while essential Cu, Fe, and Zn are below the threshold value and do not pose a risk, Mn is close to the threshold value. Therefore, periodically monitoring the pollutant concentrations in bioindicators is a key necessity for the early determination of biomagnification trends and prevention of potential toxic stress on wildlife ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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48. Lead, cadmium, and other trace elements in the liver of golden eagles and white-tailed eagles: recent data from Poland and a systematic review of previous studies.

Author: Durkalec, Maciej Marcin, Nawrocka, Agnieszka, Kitowski, Ignacy, Filipek, Aleksandra, Sell, Bartosz, Kmiecik, Mirosława, and Jedziniak, Piotr
Subjects: TRACE elements, LEAD, GOLDEN eagle, POLLUTANTS, HEAVY metals, COPPER
Abstract: The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) and the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), being apex predators and facultative scavengers, can bioaccumulate different environmental contaminants, including toxic elements that may adversely affect their health. We analyzed the levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and other metals and metalloids, including arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), thorium (Th), thallium (Tl), uranium (U), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn) in liver samples taken from three golden eagles and 36 white-tailed eagles that were found dead across Poland to verify their exposure. We also used a systematic review to summarize the available literature data on Cd, Pb, and other studied elements in the liver of both eagle species. Analyses of trace elements in the liver samples of the Polish eagles revealed interspecific differences in Cd, Cu, and Mn and differences in Co, Mn, Tl, and Zn among study regions. All elements tested except Pb were below the suggested thresholds linked with adverse health effects in birds. The hepatic Pb found in almost half of all the tested individuals suggests environmental exposure to this toxic element. One of the tested white-tailed eagles had hepatic Pb above the threshold of sublethal poisoning. Although our results seem optimistic, as previous Polish studies showed a higher prevalence of birds with hepatic Pb exceeding the toxicity threshold, they indicate that exposure to this toxic metal could still pose an additional threat to the health of Polish eagles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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49. Development of two-stage optimization-based demand response technique for smart homes under real-time pricing.

Author: GOYAL, Govind Rai and VADHERA, Shelly
Subjects: SMART homes, PRICES, COST functions, TIME-based pricing, ELECTRICITY pricing
Abstract: Residential load management deals with two major objectives viz. minimizing the cost of monthly electricity bill and peak demand of power consumption. Both objectives can be achieved by effective operational scheduling of smart home appliances. These two objectives are conflicting in nature because rescheduling of appliances in order to minimize one objective may result in the rise of another. To achieve both objectives concurrently, an algorithm is suggested in this paper based on artificial intelligent techniques like cuckoo search, hybrid GA-PSO, and adaptive cuckoo search. The proposed algorithm is tested successfully on seven households of different monthly power consumption and real data of dynamic pricing options for electricity applicable in two utilities. To reduce the risk associated with real-time price, a cost function based on inclining block rates (IBR) is also suggested for both the utilities. A novel approach to find the threshold limit of hourly power consumption is also suggested in this paper. The proposed algorithm solves the optimization problem in two stages and validates its performance by successfully achieving both objectives simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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50. Chemical attributes, bacterial community, and antibiotic resistance genes are affected by intensive use of soil in agro-ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest, Southeastern Brazil.

Author: Ferreira PFA, Rocha FI, Howe A, Barbosa DR, da Conceição Jesus E, do Amaral Sobrinho NMB, and da Silva Coelho I
Subjects: Soil chemistry, Genes, Bacterial, Brazil, Bacteria, Drug Resistance, Microbial genetics, Forests, Soil Microbiology, Manure microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Microbiota genetics
Abstract: Soil is one of the largest reservoirs of microbial diversity in nature. Although soil management is vital for agricultural purposes, intensive practices can have a significant impact on fertility, microbial community, and resistome. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intensive soil management system on the chemical attributes, composition and structure of prevalent bacterial communities, and presence and abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). The chemical characterization, bacterial diversity and relative abundance of ARGs were evaluated in soils from areas of intensive vegetable cultivation and forests. Results indicate that levels of nutrients and heavy metals were higher in soil samples from cultivated areas. Similarly, greater enrichment and diversity of bacterial genera was detected in agricultural areas. Of the 18 target ARGs evaluated, seven were detected in studied soils. The oprD gene exhibited the highest abundance among the studied genes and was the only one that showed a significantly different prevalence between areas. The oprD gene was identified only from soil of the cultivated areas. The bla SFO , erm(36), oprD and van genes, in addition to the pH, showed greater correlation with in soil of cultivated areas, which in turn exhibited higher contents of nutrients. Thus, in addition to changes in chemical attributes and in the microbial community of the soil, intensive agricultural cultivation systems cause a modification of its resistome, reinforcing the importance of the study of antimicrobial resistance in a One Health approach., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Published: 2024
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