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841 results on '"Durston, Sarah"'

2. Linking functional and structural brain organisation with behaviour in autism: a multimodal EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) study

Author

Oblong, Lennart M., Llera, Alberto, Mei, Ting, Haak, Koen, Isakoglou, Christina, Floris, Dorothea L., Durston, Sarah, Moessnang, Carolin, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Loth, Eva, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Charman, Tony, Murphy, Declan G. M., Ecker, Christine, Buitelaar, Jan K., Beckmann, Christian F., and Forde, Natalie J.

Published
2023
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3. A human leukocyte antigen imputation study uncovers possible genetic interplay between gut inflammatory processes and autism spectrum disorders

Author

Lombardi, Laura, Le Clerc, Sigrid, Wu, Ching-Lien, Bouassida, Jihène, Boukouaci, Wahid, Sugusabesan, Sobika, Richard, Jean-Romain, Lajnef, Mohamed, Tison, Maxime, Le Corvoisier, Philippe, Barau, Caroline, Banaschewski, Tobias, Holt, Rosemary, Durston, Sarah, Persico, Antonio M., Oakley, Bethany, Loth, Eva, Buitelaar, Jan, Murphy, Declan, Leboyer, Marion, Zagury, Jean-François, and Tamouza, Ryad

Published
2023
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4. Reproducibility in the absence of selective reporting: An illustration from large‐scale brain asymmetry research

Author

Kong, Xiang‐Zhen, Mathias, Samuel R, Guadalupe, Tulio, Abé, Christoph, Agartz, Ingrid, Akudjedu, Theophilus N, Aleman, Andre, Alhusaini, Saud, Allen, Nicholas B, Ames, David, Andreassen, Ole A, Vasquez, Alejandro Arias, Armstrong, Nicola J, Asherson, Phil, Bergo, Felipe, Bastin, Mark E, Batalla, Albert, Bauer, Jochen, Baune, Bernhard T, Baur‐Streubel, Ramona, Biederman, Joseph, Blaine, Sara K, Boedhoe, Premika, Bøen, Erlend, Bose, Anushree, Bralten, Janita, Brandeis, Daniel, Brem, Silvia, Brodaty, Henry, Yüksel, Dilara, Brooks, Samantha J, Buitelaar, Jan, Bürger, Christian, Bülow, Robin, Calhoun, Vince, Calvo, Anna, Canales‐Rodríguez, Erick Jorge, Cannon, Dara M, Caparelli, Elisabeth C, Castellanos, Francisco X, Cendes, Fernando, Chaim‐Avancini, Tiffany Moukbel, Chantiluke, Kaylita, Chen, Qun‐lin, Chen, Xiayu, Cheng, Yuqi, Christakou, Anastasia, Clark, Vincent P, Coghill, David, Connolly, Colm G, Conzelmann, Annette, Córdova‐Palomera, Aldo, Cousijn, Janna, Crow, Tim, Cubillo, Ana, Dannlowski, Udo, de Bruttopilo, Sara Ambrosino, de Zeeuw, Patrick, Deary, Ian J, Demeter, Damion V, Di Martino, Adriana, Dickie, Erin W, Dietsche, Bruno, Doan, Nhat Trung, Doherty, Colin P, Doyle, Alysa, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric, Ehrlich, Stefan, Ekman, Carl Johan, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Epstein, Jeffery N, Fair, Damien A, Faraone, Stephen V, Fernández, Guillén, Flint, Claas, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Förster, Katharina, Fouche, Jean‐Paul, Foxe, John J, Frodl, Thomas, Fuentes‐Claramonte, Paola, Fullerton, Janice M, Garavan, Hugh, do Santos Garcia, Danielle, Gotlib, Ian H, Goudriaan, Anna E, Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Groenewold, Nynke A, Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gurholt, Tiril, Haavik, Jan, Hahn, Tim, Hansell, Narelle K, Harris, Mathew A, Hartman, Catharina A, del Carmen Valdés Hernández, Maria, and Heslenfeld, Dirk

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Neurosciences, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Brain Cortical Thickness, Cerebral Cortex, Datasets as Topic, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neuroimaging, Publication Bias, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult, ENIGMA Laterality Working Group, P-hacking, multisite collaboration, publication bias, reproducibility, team science, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Biological psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

The problem of poor reproducibility of scientific findings has received much attention over recent years, in a variety of fields including psychology and neuroscience. The problem has been partly attributed to publication bias and unwanted practices such as p-hacking. Low statistical power in individual studies is also understood to be an important factor. In a recent multisite collaborative study, we mapped brain anatomical left-right asymmetries for regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness, in 99 MRI datasets from around the world, for a total of over 17,000 participants. In the present study, we revisited these hemispheric effects from the perspective of reproducibility. Within each dataset, we considered that an effect had been reproduced when it matched the meta-analytic effect from the 98 other datasets, in terms of effect direction and significance threshold. In this sense, the results within each dataset were viewed as coming from separate studies in an "ideal publishing environment," that is, free from selective reporting and p hacking. We found an average reproducibility rate of 63.2% (SD = 22.9%, min = 22.2%, max = 97.0%). As expected, reproducibility was higher for larger effects and in larger datasets. Reproducibility was not obviously related to the age of participants, scanner field strength, FreeSurfer software version, cortical regional measurement reliability, or regional size. These findings constitute an empirical illustration of reproducibility in the absence of publication bias or p hacking, when assessing realistic biological effects in heterogeneous neuroscience data, and given typically-used sample sizes.

Published
2022

8. Index

Author

Durston, Sarah and Baggerman, Ton

Published
2018

13. Lexicon

Author

Durston, Sarah and Baggerman, Ton

Published
2018

17. Cover

Author

Durston, Sarah and Baggerman, Ton

Published
2018

19. Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets

Author

Postema, Merel C, Hoogman, Martine, Ambrosino, Sara, Asherson, Philip, Banaschewski, Tobias, Bandeira, Cibele E, Baranov, Alexandr, Bau, Claiton HD, Baumeister, Sarah, Baur‐Streubel, Ramona, Bellgrove, Mark A, Biederman, Joseph, Bralten, Janita, Brandeis, Daniel, Brem, Silvia, Buitelaar, Jan K, Busatto, Geraldo F, Castellanos, Francisco X, Cercignani, Mara, Chaim‐Avancini, Tiffany M, Chantiluke, Kaylita C, Christakou, Anastasia, Coghill, David, Conzelmann, Annette, Cubillo, Ana I, Cupertino, Renata B, de Zeeuw, Patrick, Doyle, Alysa E, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric A, Epstein, Jeffery N, Ethofer, Thomas, Fair, Damien A, Fallgatter, Andreas J, Faraone, Stephen V, Frodl, Thomas, Gabel, Matt C, Gogberashvili, Tinatin, Grevet, Eugenio H, Haavik, Jan, Harrison, Neil A, Hartman, Catharina A, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Hohmann, Sarah, Høvik, Marie F, Jernigan, Terry L, Kardatzki, Bernd, Karkashadze, Georgii, Kelly, Clare, Kohls, Gregor, Konrad, Kerstin, Kuntsi, Jonna, Lazaro, Luisa, Lera‐Miguel, Sara, Lesch, Klaus‐Peter, Louza, Mario R, Lundervold, Astri J, Malpas, Charles B, Mattos, Paulo, McCarthy, Hazel, Namazova‐Baranova, Leyla, Nicolau, Rosa, Nigg, Joel T, Novotny, Stephanie E, Weiss, Eileen Oberwelland, Tuura, Ruth L O'Gorman, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Oranje, Bob, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Picon, Felipe A, Plessen, Kerstin J, Ramos‐Quiroga, J Antoni, Reif, Andreas, Reneman, Liesbeth, Rosa, Pedro GP, Rubia, Katya, Schrantee, Anouk, Schweren, Lizanne JS, Seitz, Jochen, Shaw, Philip, Silk, Tim J, Skokauskas, Norbert, Vila, Juan C Soliva, Stevens, Michael C, Sudre, Gustavo, Tamm, Leanne, Tovar‐Moll, Fernanda, van Erp, Theo GM, Vance, Alasdair, Vilarroya, Oscar, Vives‐Gilabert, Yolanda, von Polier, Georg G, Walitza, Susanne, Yoncheva, Yuliya N, Zanetti, Marcus V, Ziegler, Georg C, Glahn, David C, and Jahanshad, Neda

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Pediatric Research Initiative, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Brain, Caudate Nucleus, Child, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Attention&#8208, deficit, hyperactivity disorder, brain asymmetry, brain laterality, structural MRI, large&#8208, scale data, ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, Attention-deficit, large-scale data, Clinical Sciences, Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology, Clinical sciences, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveSome studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium.MethodsWe analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries.ResultsThere was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen's d from -0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing.ConclusionPrior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait.

Published
2021

20. Characterizing neuroanatomic heterogeneity in people with and without ADHD based on subcortical brain volumes

Author

Li, Ting, van Rooij, Daan, Mota, Nina Roth, Buitelaar, Jan K, Ambrosino, Sara, Banaschewski, Tobias, Bandeira, Cibele E, Bau, Claiton HD, Baumeister, Sarah, Baur‐Streubel, Ramona, Bellgrove, Mark A, Biederman, Joseph, Bralten, Janita, Bramati, Ivanei E, Brandeis, Daniel, Berm, Silvia, Busatto, Geraldo F, Calvo, Anna, Castellanos, Francisco X, Cercignani, Mara, Chantiluke, Kaylita C, Christakou, Anastasia, Coghill, David, Conzelmann, Annette, Cubillo, Ana I, Cupertino, Renata B, de Zeeuw, Parick, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric A, Epstein, Jeffery N, Ethofer, Thomas, Fallgatter, Andreas J, Fair, Damien A, Faraone, Stephen V, Frodl, Thomas, Gabel, Matt C, Gogberashvili, Tinatin, Grevet, Eugenio H, Haavik, Jan, Harrison, Neil A, Hartman, Catharina A, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Høvik, Marie F, Jahanshad, Neda, Kardatzki, Bernd, Karkashadze, Georgii, Kelly, Clare, Kohls, Gregor, Konrad, Kerstin, Kuntsi, Jonna, Lazaro, Luisa, Lera‐Miguel, Sara, Lesch, Klaus‐Peter, Louza, Mario R, Lundervold, Astri J, Malpas, Charles B, Mattos, Paulo, McCarthy, Hazel, Nicolau, Rosa, Nigg, Joel T, Tuura, Ruth L O'Gorman, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Oranje, Bob, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Picon, Felipe A, Plessen, Kerstin J, Ramos‐Quiroga, J Antoni, Reif, Andreas, Reneman, Liesbeth, Rosa, Pedro GP, Rubia, Katya, Schrantee, Anouk, Schweren, Lizanne JS, Seitz, Jochen, Shaw, Philip, Silk, Tim J, Skokauskas, Norbert, Vila, Juan Carlos Soliva, Soloveva, Anastasiia, Stevens, Michael C, Sudre, Gustavo, Tamm, Leanne, Thompson, Paul M, Tovar‐Moll, Fernanda, van Erp, Theo GM, Vance, Alasdair, Vilarroya, Oscar, Vives‐Gilabert, Yolanda, von Polier, Georg G, Walitza, Susanne, Yoncheva, Yuliya N, Zanetti, Marcus V, Ziegler, Georg C, Anikin, Anatoly, Asherson, Philip, Baranov, Alexandr, Chaim‐Avanicini, Tiffany, and Dale, Anders M

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Mental Health, Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Clinical Research, Neurosciences, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Thalamus, ADHD, subcortical volume, neuroanatomic heterogeneity, community detection, effect sizes, ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, Clinical Sciences, Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology, Clinical sciences, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. Neuroanatomic heterogeneity limits our understanding of ADHD's etiology. This study aimed to parse heterogeneity of ADHD and to determine whether patient subgroups could be discerned based on subcortical brain volumes.MethodsUsing the large ENIGMA-ADHD Working Group dataset, four subsamples of 993 boys with and without ADHD and to subsamples of 653 adult men, 400 girls, and 447 women were included in analyses. We applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to seven subcortical volumes in order to constrain the complexity of the input variables and ensure more stable clustering results. Factor scores derived from the EFA were used to build networks. A community detection (CD) algorithm clustered participants into subgroups based on the networks.ResultsExploratory factor analysis revealed three factors (basal ganglia, limbic system, and thalamus) in boys and men with and without ADHD. Factor structures for girls and women differed from those in males. Given sample size considerations, we concentrated subsequent analyses on males. Male participants could be separated into four communities, of which one was absent in healthy men. Significant case-control differences of subcortical volumes were observed within communities in boys, often with stronger effect sizes compared to the entire sample. As in the entire sample, none were observed in men. Affected men in two of the communities presented comorbidities more frequently than those in other communities. There were no significant differences in ADHD symptom severity, IQ, and medication use between communities in either boys or men.ConclusionsOur results indicate that neuroanatomic heterogeneity in subcortical volumes exists, irrespective of ADHD diagnosis. Effect sizes of case-control differences appear more pronounced at least in some of the subgroups.

Published
2021

21. Differences in Intrinsic Gray Matter Connectivity and Their Genomic Underpinnings in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author

Ahmad, Jumana, Ambrosino, Sara, Auyeung, Bonnie, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Baumeister, Sarah, Beckmann, Christian F., Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bours, Carsten, Brammer, Michael, Brandeis, Daniel, Brogna, Claudia, de Bruijn, Yvette, Buitelaar, Jan K., Chakrabarti, Bhismadev, Charman, Tony, Cornelissen, Ineke, Crawley, Daisy, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Dumas, Guillaume, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Faulkner, Jessica, Frouin, Vincent, Garcés, Pilar, Goyard, David, Ham, Lindsay, Hayward, Hannah, Hipp, Joerg, Holt, Rosemary, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J.H., Kundu, Prantik, Lai, Meng-Chuan, D’ardhuy, Xavier Liogier, Lombardo, Michael V., Loth, Eva, Lythgoe, David J., Mandl, René, Marquand, Andre, Mason, Luke, Mennes, Maarten, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Moessnang, Carolin, Bast, Nico, Murphy, Declan G.M., Oakley, Bethany, O’Dwyer, Laurence, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Oranje, Bob, Pandina, Gahan, Persico, Antonio M., Ruggeri, Barbara, Ruigrok, Amber, Sabet, Jessica, Sacco, Roberto, San José Cáceres, Antonia, Simonoff, Emily, Spooren, Will, Tillmann, Julian, Toro, Roberto, Tost, Heike, Waldman, Jack, Williams, Steve C.R., Wooldridge, Caroline, Zwiers, Marcel P., Leyhausen, Johanna, Schäfer, Tim, Gurr, Caroline, Berg, Lisa M., Seelemeyer, Hanna, Pretzsch, Charlotte M., Floris, Dorothea L., Chatham, Chris, and Murphy, Declan G.

Published
2024
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22. Cross-sectional and longitudinal neuroanatomical profiles of distinct clinical (adaptive) outcomes in autism

Author

Pretzsch, Charlotte M., Floris, Dorothea L., Schäfer, Tim, Bletsch, Anke, Gurr, Caroline, Lombardo, Michael V., Chatham, Chris H., Tillmann, Julian, Charman, Tony, Arenella, Martina, Jones, Emily, Ambrosino, Sara, Bourgeron, Thomas, Dumas, Guillaume, Cliquet, Freddy, Leblond, Claire S., Loth, Eva, Oakley, Bethany, Buitelaar, Jan K., Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beckmann, Christian F., Persico, Antonio M., Banaschewski, Tobias, Durston, Sarah, Freitag, Christine M., Murphy, Declan G. M., and Ecker, Christine

Published
2023
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23. Autism Is Associated With Interindividual Variations of Gray and White Matter Morphology

Author

Buitelaar, Jan K., Ahmad, Jumana, Ambrosino, Sara, Auyeung, Bonnie, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Baumeister, Sarah, Beckmann, Christian F., Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bours, Carsten, Brammer, Michael, Brandeis, Daniel, Brogna, Claudia, de Bruijn, Yvette, Chakrabarti, Bhismadev, Charman, Tony, Cornelissen, Ineke, Crawley, Daisy, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Dumas, Guillaume, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Faulkner, Jessica, Frouin, Vincent, Garcés, Pilar, Goyard, David, Ham, Lindsay, Hayward, Hannah, Hipp, Joerg, Holt, Rosemary, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J.H., Kundu, Prantik, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Liogier d’Ardhuy, Xavier, Lombardo, Michael V., Loth, Eva, Lythgoe, David J., Mandl, René, Marquand, Andre, Mason, Luke, Mennes, Maarten, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Moessnang, Carolin, Mueller, Nico, Murphy, Declan G.M., Oakley, Bethany, O’Dwyer, Laurence, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Oranje, Bob, Pandina, Gahan, Persico, Antonio M., Rausch, Annika, Ruggeri, Barbara, Ruigrok, Amber, Sabet, Jessica, Sacco, Roberto, San José Cáceres, Antonia, Simonoff, Emily, Spooren, Will, Tillmann, Julian, Toro, Roberto, Tost, Heike, Waldman, Jack, Williams, Steve C.R., Wooldridge, Caroline, Ilioska, Iva, Mei, Ting, Zwiers, Marcel P., Forde, Natalie J., Floris, Dorothea L., Stones, Richard, Holt, Rosemary J., and Llera, Alberto

Published
2023
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24. Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups

Author

Boedhoe, Premika SW, van Rooij, Daan, Hoogman, Martine, Twisk, Jos WR, Schmaal, Lianne, Abe, Yoshinari, Alonso, Pino, Ameis, Stephanie H, Anikin, Anatoly, Anticevic, Alan, Arango, Celso, Arnold, Paul D, Asherson, Philip, Assogna, Francesca, Auzias, Guillaume, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baranov, Alexander, Batistuzzo, Marcelo C, Baumeister, Sarah, Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Behrmann, Marlene, Bellgrove, Mark A, Benedetti, Francesco, Beucke, Jan C, Biederman, Joseph, Bollettini, Irene, Bose, Anushree, Bralten, Janita, Bramati, Ivanei E, Brandeis, Daniel, Brem, Silvia, Brennan, Brian P, Busatto, Geraldo F, Calderoni, Sara, Calvo, Anna, Calvo, Rosa, Castellanos, Francisco X, Cercignani, Mara, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M, Chantiluke, Kaylita C, Cheng, Yuqi, Cho, Kang Ik K, Christakou, Anastasia, Coghill, David, Conzelmann, Annette, Cubillo, Ana I, Dale, Anders M, Dallaspezia, Sara, Daly, Eileen, Denys, Damiaan, Deruelle, Christine, Di Martino, Adriana, Dinstein, Ilan, Doyle, Alysa E, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric A, Ecker, Christine, Ehrlich, Stefan, Ely, Benjamin A, Epstein, Jeffrey N, Ethofer, Thomas, Fair, Damien A, Fallgatter, Andreas J, Faraone, Stephen V, Fedor, Jennifer, Feng, Xin, Feusner, Jamie D, Fitzgerald, Jackie, Fitzgerald, Kate D, Fouche, Jean-Paul, Freitag, Christine M, Fridgeirsson, Egill A, Frodl, Thomas, Gabel, Matt C, Gallagher, Louise, Gogberashvili, Tinatin, Gori, Ilaria, Gruner, Patricia, Gürsel, Deniz A, Haar, Shlomi, Haavik, Jan, Hall, Geoffrey B, Harrison, Neil A, Hartman, Catharina A, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Hoexter, Marcelo Q, Hohmann, Sarah, Høvik, Marie F, Hu, Hao, Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, Jalbrzikowski, Maria, James, Anthony, Janssen, Joost, Jaspers-Fayer, Fern, Jernigan, Terry L, Kapilushniy, Dmitry, and Kardatzki, Bernd

Subjects
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Pediatric, Autism, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Brain Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cerebrum, Child, Female, Human Development, Humans, Male, Neuroimaging, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Organ Size, Psychopathology, Research Report, Systems Analysis, ENIGMA ADHD working group, ENIGMA ASD working group, ENIGMA OCD working group, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ENIGMA, Structural MRI, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry
Abstract

ObjectiveAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. The authors sought to directly compare these disorders using structural brain imaging data from ENIGMA consortium data.MethodsStructural T1-weighted whole-brain MRI data from healthy control subjects (N=5,827) and from patients with ADHD (N=2,271), ASD (N=1,777), and OCD (N=2,323) from 151 cohorts worldwide were analyzed using standardized processing protocols. The authors examined subcortical volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area differences within a mega-analytical framework, pooling measures extracted from each cohort. Analyses were performed separately for children, adolescents, and adults, using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for age, sex, and site (and intracranial volume for subcortical and surface area measures).ResultsNo shared differences were found among all three disorders, and shared differences between any two disorders did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Children with ADHD compared with those with OCD had smaller hippocampal volumes, possibly influenced by IQ. Children and adolescents with ADHD also had smaller intracranial volume than control subjects and those with OCD or ASD. Adults with ASD showed thicker frontal cortices compared with adult control subjects and other clinical groups. No OCD-specific differences were observed across different age groups and surface area differences among all disorders in childhood and adulthood.ConclusionsThe study findings suggest robust but subtle differences across different age groups among ADHD, ASD, and OCD. ADHD-specific intracranial volume and hippocampal differences in children and adolescents, and ASD-specific cortical thickness differences in the frontal cortex in adults, support previous work emphasizing structural brain differences in these disorders.

Published
2020

26. 10Kin1day: A Bottom-Up Neuroimaging Initiative

Author

van den Heuvel, Martijn P, Scholtens, Lianne H, van der Burgh, Hannelore K, Agosta, Federica, Alloza, Clara, Arango, Celso, Auyeung, Bonnie, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Basaia, Silvia, Benders, Manon JNL, Beyer, Frauke, Booij, Linda, Braun, Kees PJ, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Cahn, Wiepke, Cannon, Dara M, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M, Chan, Sandra SM, Chen, Eric YH, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Crone, Eveline A, Dannlowski, Udo, de Zwarte, Sonja MC, Dietsche, Bruno, Donohoe, Gary, Du Plessis, Stefan, Durston, Sarah, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Díaz-Zuluaga, Ana M, Emsley, Robin, Filippi, Massimo, Frodl, Thomas, Gorges, Martin, Graff, Beata, Grotegerd, Dominik, Gąsecki, Dariusz, Hall, Julie M, Holleran, Laurena, Holt, Rosemary, Hopman, Helene J, Jansen, Andreas, Janssen, Joost, Jodzio, Krzysztof, Jäncke, Lutz, Kaleda, Vasiliy G, Kassubek, Jan, Masouleh, Shahrzad Kharabian, Kircher, Tilo, Koevoets, Martijn GJC, Kostic, Vladimir S, Krug, Axel, Lawrie, Stephen M, Lebedeva, Irina S, Lee, Edwin HM, Lett, Tristram A, Lewis, Simon JG, Liem, Franziskus, Lombardo, Michael V, Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos, Margulies, Daniel S, Markett, Sebastian, Marques, Paulo, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M, McPhilemy, Genevieve, Meinert, Susanne L, Menchón, José M, Montag, Christian, Moreira, Pedro S, Morgado, Pedro, Mothersill, David O, Mérillat, Susan, Müller, Hans-Peter, Nabulsi, Leila, Najt, Pablo, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Naumczyk, Patrycja, Oranje, Bob, de la Foz, Victor Ortiz-Garcia, Peper, Jiska S, Pineda, Julian A, Rasser, Paul E, Redlich, Ronny, Repple, Jonathan, Reuter, Martin, Rosa, Pedro GP, Ruigrok, Amber NV, Sabisz, Agnieszka, Schall, Ulrich, Seedat, Soraya, Serpa, Mauricio H, Skouras, Stavros, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Sousa, Nuno, Szurowska, Edyta, Tomyshev, Alexander S, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Valk, Sofie L, and van den Berg, Leonard H

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Biomedical Imaging, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Neurological, MRI, connectome analysis, diffusion weighted MRI, brain, network, Clinical Sciences, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

We organized 10Kin1day, a pop-up scientific event with the goal to bring together neuroimaging groups from around the world to jointly analyze 10,000+ existing MRI connectivity datasets during a 3-day workshop. In this report, we describe the motivation and principles of 10Kin1day, together with a public release of 8,000+ MRI connectome maps of the human brain.

Published
2019

27. Cerebellar Atypicalities in Autism?

Author

Tobias Banaschewski, Persico, Antonio, San Jose Caceres, Antonia, Hayward, Hannah, Crawley, Daisy, Faulkner, Jessica, Sabet, Jessica, Ellis, Claire, Oakley, Bethany, Holt, Rosemary, Ambrosino, Sara, Bast, Nico, Baumeister, Sarah, Rausch, Annika, Bours, Carsten, Cornelissen, Ineke, von Rhein, Daniel, O’Dwyer, Larry, Ahmad, Jumana, Simonoff, Emily, Laidi, Charles, Floris, Dorothea L., Tillmann, Julian, Elandaloussi, Yannis, Zabihi, Mariam, Charman, Tony, Wolfers, Thomas, Durston, Sarah, Moessnang, Carolin, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Ecker, Christine, Loth, Eva, Murphy, Declan, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Buitelaar, Jan K., Marquand, Andre F., Beckmann, Christian F., Frouin, Vincent, Leboyer, Marion, Duchesnay, Edouard, Coupé, Pierrick, and Houenou, Josselin

Published
2022
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28. Qualitative differences in the spatiotemporal brain states supporting configural face processing emerge in adolescence in autism

Author

Ahmad, Jumana, Ambrosino, Sara, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Bast, Nico, Baumeister, Sarah, Beckmann, Christian, Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bours, Carsten, Brandeis, Daniel, Cornelissen, Ineke, Crawley, Daisy, Davidson, Cate, Dell’ Acqua, Flavio, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Ellis, Claire, Faulkner, Jessica, Hayward, Hannah, Hipp, Joerg, Holt, Rosemary, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Leblond, Claire, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Moessnang, Carolin, Oakley, Bethany, O'Dwyer, Larry, Persico, Antonio, Rausch, Annika, Sabet, Jessica, San Jose Caceres, Antonia, Simonoff, Emily, Tost, Heike, Rhein, Daniel von, Haartsen, Rianne, Mason, Luke, Garces, Pilar, Gui, Anna, Charman, Tony, Tillmann, Julian, Johnson, Mark H., Buitelaar, Jan K., Loth, Eva, Murphy, Declan, and Jones, Emily J.H.

Published
2022
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30. Subtly altered topological asymmetry of brain structural covariance networks in autism spectrum disorder across 43 datasets from the ENIGMA consortium

Author

Sha, Zhiqiang, van Rooij, Daan, Anagnostou, Evdokia, Arango, Celso, Auzias, Guillaume, Behrmann, Marlene, Bernhardt, Boris, Bolte, Sven, Busatto, Geraldo F., Calderoni, Sara, Calvo, Rosa, Daly, Eileen, Deruelle, Christine, Duan, Meiyu, Duran, Fabio Luis Souza, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Ehrlich, Stefan, Fair, Damien, Fedor, Jennifer, Fitzgerald, Jacqueline, Floris, Dorothea L., Franke, Barbara, Freitag, Christine M., Gallagher, Louise, Glahn, David C., Haar, Shlomi, Hoekstra, Liesbeth, Jahanshad, Neda, Jalbrzikowski, Maria, Janssen, Joost, King, Joseph A., Lazaro, Luisa, Luna, Beatriz, McGrath, Jane, Medland, Sarah E., Muratori, Filippo, Murphy, Declan G. M., Neufeld, Janina, O’Hearn, Kirsten, Oranje, Bob, Parellada, Mara, Pariente, Jose C., Postema, Merel C., Remnelius, Karl Lundin, Retico, Alessandra, Rosa, Pedro Gomes Penteado, Rubia, Katya, Shook, Devon, Tammimies, Kristiina, Taylor, Margot J., Tosetti, Michela, Wallace, Gregory L., Zhou, Fengfeng, Thompson, Paul M., Fisher, Simon E., Buitelaar, Jan K., and Francks, Clyde

Published
2022
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31. Resting state EEG power spectrum and functional connectivity in autism: a cross-sectional analysis

Author

Garcés, Pilar, Baumeister, Sarah, Mason, Luke, Chatham, Christopher H., Holiga, Stefan, Dukart, Juergen, Jones, Emily J. H., Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Bölte, Sven, Buitelaar, Jan K., Durston, Sarah, Oranje, Bob, Persico, Antonio M., Beckmann, Christian F., Bougeron, Thomas, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Ecker, Christine, Moessnang, Carolin, Charman, Tony, Tillmann, Julian, Murphy, Declan G. M., Johnson, Mark, Loth, Eva, Brandeis, Daniel, and Hipp, Joerg F.

Published
2022
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33. In-depth characterization of neuroradiological findings in a large sample of individuals with autism spectrum disorder and controls

Author

Ambrosino, Sara, Elbendary, Hasnaa, Lequin, Maarten, Rijkelijkhuizen, Dominique, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Bast, Nico, Baumeister, Sarah, Buitelaar, Jan, Charman, Tony, Crawley, Daisy, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Hayward, Hannah, Holt, Rosemary, Moessnang, Carolin, Persico, Antonio M., Sacco, Roberto, San José Cáceres, Antonia, Tillmann, Julian, Loth, Eva, Ecker, Christine, Oranje, Bob, Murphy, Declan, and Durston, Sarah

Published
2022
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34. Mapping cortical brain asymmetry in 17,141 healthy individuals worldwide via the ENIGMA Consortium

Author

Kong, Xiang-Zhen, Mathias, Samuel R, Guadalupe, Tulio, Glahn, David C, Franke, Barbara, Crivello, Fabrice, Tzourio-Mazoyer, Nathalie, Fisher, Simon E, Thompson, Paul M, Francks, Clyde, Abé, Christoph, Agartz, Ingrid, Akudjedu, Theophilus N, Aleman, Andre, Alhusaini, Saud, Allen, Nicholas B, Ames, David, Andreassen, Ole A, Vasquez, Alejandro Arias, Armstrong, Nicola J, Bergo, Felipe, Bastin, Mark E, Batalla, Albert, Bauer, Jochen, Baune, Bernhard T, Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Biederman, Joseph, Blaine, Sara K, Boedhoe, Premika, Bøen, Erlend, Bose, Anushree, Bralten, Janita, Brandeis, Daniel, Brem, Silvia, Brodaty, Henry, Yüksel, Dilara, Brooks, Samantha J, Buitelaar, Jan, Bürger, Christian, Bülow, Robin, Calhoun, Vince, Calvo, Anna, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick Jorge, Canive, Jose M, Cannon, Dara M, Caparelli, Elisabeth C, Castellanos, Francisco X, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L, Cendes, Fernando, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany Moukbel, Chantiluke, Kaylita, Chen, Qun-lin, Chen, Xiayu, Cheng, Yuqi, Christakou, Anastasia, Clark, Vincent P, Coghill, David, Connolly, Colm G, Conzelmann, Annette, Córdova-Palomera, Aldo, Cousijn, Janna, Crow, Tim, Cubillo, Ana, Dale, Anders, Dannlowski, Udo, Ambrosino de Bruttopilo, Sara, de Zeeuw, Patrick, Deary, Ian J, Delanty, Norman, Demeter, Damion V, Di Martino, Adriana, Dickie, Erin W, Dietsche, Bruno, Doan, N Trung, Doherty, Colin P, Doyle, Alysa, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric, Ehrlich, Stefan, Ekman, Carl Johan, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Epstein, Jeffery N, Fair, Damien A, Faraone, Stephen V, Fernández, Guillén, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Förster, Katharina, Fouche, Jean-Paul, Foxe, John J, Frodl, Thomas, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Fullerton, Janice, Garavan, Hugh, Garcia, Danielle do Santos, Gotlib, Ian H, Goudriaan, Anna E, and Grabe, Hans Jörgen

Subjects
Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Biomedical Imaging, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Neurological, Mental health, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Child, Preschool, Databases, Factual, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Neuroimaging, Young Adult, brain asymmetry, lateralization, cortical thickness, surface area, meta-analysis, ENIGMA Laterality Working Group
Abstract

Hemispheric asymmetry is a cardinal feature of human brain organization. Altered brain asymmetry has also been linked to some cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Consortium presents the largest-ever analysis of cerebral cortical asymmetry and its variability across individuals. Cortical thickness and surface area were assessed in MRI scans of 17,141 healthy individuals from 99 datasets worldwide. Results revealed widespread asymmetries at both hemispheric and regional levels, with a generally thicker cortex but smaller surface area in the left hemisphere relative to the right. Regionally, asymmetries of cortical thickness and/or surface area were found in the inferior frontal gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and entorhinal cortex. These regions are involved in lateralized functions, including language and visuospatial processing. In addition to population-level asymmetries, variability in brain asymmetry was related to sex, age, and intracranial volume. Interestingly, we did not find significant associations between asymmetries and handedness. Finally, with two independent pedigree datasets (n = 1,443 and 1,113, respectively), we found several asymmetries showing significant, replicable heritability. The structural asymmetries identified and their variabilities and heritability provide a reference resource for future studies on the genetic basis of brain asymmetry and altered laterality in cognitive, neurological, and psychiatric disorders.

Published
2018

35. A multisample study of longitudinal changes in brain network architecture in 4–13‐year‐old children

Author

Wierenga, Lara M, van den Heuvel, Martijn P, Oranje, Bob, Giedd, Jay N, Durston, Sarah, Peper, Jiska S, Brown, Timothy T, Crone, Eveline A, and The Pediatric Longitudinal Imaging, Neurocognition

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biomedical Imaging, Brain Disorders, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Adolescent, Brain, Child, Child, Preschool, Connectome, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Neural Pathways, brain development, DWI, graph theory, MRI, brain network, The Pediatric Longitudinal Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics Study, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Biological psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

Recent advances in human neuroimaging research have revealed that white-matter connectivity can be described in terms of an integrated network, which is the basis of the human connectome. However, the developmental changes of this connectome in childhood are not well understood. This study made use of two independent longitudinal diffusion-weighted imaging data sets to characterize developmental changes in the connectome by estimating age-related changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) for reconstructed fibers (edges) between 68 cortical regions. The first sample included 237 diffusion-weighted scans of 146 typically developing children (4-13 years old, 74 females) derived from the Pediatric Longitudinal Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics (PLING) study. The second sample included 141 scans of 97 individuals (8-13 years old, 62 females) derived from the BrainTime project. In both data sets, we compared edges that had the most substantial age-related change in FA to edges that showed little change in FA. This allowed us to investigate if developmental changes in white matter reorganize network topology. We observed substantial increases in edges connecting peripheral and a set of highly connected hub regions, referred to as the rich club. Together with the observed topological differences between regions connecting to edges showing the smallest and largest changes in FA, this indicates that changes in white matter affect network organization, such that highly connected regions become even more strongly imbedded in the network. These findings suggest that an important process in brain development involves organizing patterns of inter-regional interactions. Hum Brain Mapp 39:157-170, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2018

36. Temporal Profiles of Social Attention Are Different Across Development in Autistic and Neurotypical People

Author

Ahmad, Jumana, Ambrosino, Sara, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Baumeister, Sarah, Beckmann, Christian F., Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bours, Carsten, Brammer, Michael, Brandeis, Daniel, Brogna, Claudia, de Bruijn, Yvette, Cornelissen, Ineke, Crawley, Daisy, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Dumas, Guillaume, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Faulkner, Jessica, Frouin, Vincent, Garcés, Pilar, Goyard, David, Ham, Lindsay, Hipp, Joerg, Holt, Rosemary, Lai, Meng-Chuan, D’Ardhuy, Xavier Liogier, Lombardo, Michael V., Lythgoe, David J., Mandl, René, Marquand, Andre, Mennes, Maarten, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Moessnang, Carolin, Mueller, Nico, Murphy, Declan G.M., Oakley, Bethany, O’Dwyer, Laurence, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Oranje, Bob, Pandina, Gahan, Persico, Antonio M., Ruggeri, Barbara, Ruigrok, Amber, Sabet, Jessica, Sacco, Roberto, San José Cáceres, Antonia, Simonoff, Emily, Spooren, Will, Toro, Roberto, Tost, Heike, Waldman, Jack, Williams, Steve C.R., Wooldridge, Caroline, Zwiers, Marcel P., Del Bianco, Teresa, Mason, Luke, Charman, Tony, Tillman, Julian, Loth, Eva, Hayward, Hannah, Shic, Frederick, Buitelaar, Jan, Johnson, Mark H., and Jones, Emily J.H.

Published
2021
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37. Atypical Brain Asymmetry in Autism—A Candidate for Clinically Meaningful Stratification

Author

Ahmad, Jumana, Ambrosino, Sara, Auyeung, Bonnie, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Baumeister, Sarah, Beckmann, Christian F., Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bours, Carsten, Brammer, Michael, Brandeis, Daniel, Brogna, Claudia, de Bruijn, Yvette, Buitelaar, Jan K., Chakrabarti, Bhismadev, Charman, Tony, Cornelissen, Ineke, Crawley, Daisy, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Dumas, Guillaume, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Faulkner, Jessica, Frouin, Vincent, Garcés, Pilar, Goyard, David, Ham, Lindsay, Hayward, Hannah, Hipp, Joerg, Holt, Rosemary, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J.H., Kundu, Prantik, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Liogier d’Ardhuy, Xavier, Lombardo, Michael V., Loth, Eva, Lythgoe, David J., Mandl, René, Marquand, Andre, Mason, Luke, Mennes, Maarten, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Moessnang, Carolin, Mueller, Nico, Murphy, Declan G.M., Oakley, Bethany, O’Dwyer, Laurence, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Oranje, Bob, Pandina, Gahan, Persico, Antonio M., Ruggeri, Barbara, Ruigrok, Amber, Sabet, Jessica, Sacco, Roberto, San José Cáceres, Antonia, Simonoff, Emily, Spooren, Will, Tillmann, Julian, Toro, Roberto, Tost, Heike, Waldman, Jack, Williams, Steve C.R., Wooldridge, Caroline, Zwiers, Marcel P., Floris, Dorothea L., Wolfers, Thomas, Zabihi, Mariam, and Holz, Nathalie E.

Published
2021
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38. Subcortical brain volume differences in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults: a cross-sectional mega-analysis

Author

Hoogman, Martine, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P, Mennes, Maarten, Zwiers, Marcel P, Schweren, Lizanne SJ, van Hulzen, Kimm JE, Medland, Sarah E, Shumskaya, Elena, Jahanshad, Neda, de Zeeuw, Patrick, Szekely, Eszter, Sudre, Gustavo, Wolfers, Thomas, Onnink, Alberdingk MH, Dammers, Janneke T, Mostert, Jeanette C, Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda, Kohls, Gregor, Oberwelland, Eileen, Seitz, Jochen, Schulte-Rüther, Martin, Ambrosino, Sara, Doyle, Alysa E, Høvik, Marie F, Dramsdahl, Margaretha, Tamm, Leanne, van Erp, Theo GM, Dale, Anders, Schork, Andrew, Conzelmann, Annette, Zierhut, Kathrin, Baur, Ramona, McCarthy, Hazel, Yoncheva, Yuliya N, Cubillo, Ana, Chantiluke, Kaylita, Mehta, Mitul A, Paloyelis, Yannis, Hohmann, Sarah, Baumeister, Sarah, Bramati, Ivanei, Mattos, Paulo, Tovar-Moll, Fernanda, Douglas, Pamela, Banaschewski, Tobias, Brandeis, Daniel, Kuntsi, Jonna, Asherson, Philip, Rubia, Katya, Kelly, Clare, Di Martino, Adriana, Milham, Michael P, Castellanos, Francisco X, Frodl, Thomas, Zentis, Mariam, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Reif, Andreas, Pauli, Paul, Jernigan, Terry L, Haavik, Jan, Plessen, Kerstin J, Lundervold, Astri J, Hugdahl, Kenneth, Seidman, Larry J, Biederman, Joseph, Rommelse, Nanda, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Hartman, Catharina A, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Oosterlaan, Jaap, von Polier, Georg, Konrad, Kerstin, Vilarroya, Oscar, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Soliva, Joan Carles, Durston, Sarah, Buitelaar, Jan K, Faraone, Stephen V, Shaw, Philip, Thompson, Paul M, and Franke, Barbara

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Clinical Research, Mental Health, Pediatric, Biomedical Imaging, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Linear Models, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuroimaging, Young Adult, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology
Abstract

BackgroundNeuroimaging studies have shown structural alterations in several brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Through the formation of the international ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, we aimed to address weaknesses of previous imaging studies and meta-analyses, namely inadequate sample size and methodological heterogeneity. We aimed to investigate whether there are structural differences in children and adults with ADHD compared with those without this diagnosis.MethodsIn this cross-sectional mega-analysis, we used the data from the international ENIGMA Working Group collaboration, which in the present analysis was frozen at Feb 8, 2015. Individual sites analysed structural T1-weighted MRI brain scans with harmonised protocols of individuals with ADHD compared with those who do not have this diagnosis. Our primary outcome was to assess case-control differences in subcortical structures and intracranial volume through pooling of all individual data from all cohorts in this collaboration. For this analysis, p values were significant at the false discovery rate corrected threshold of p=0·0156.FindingsOur sample comprised 1713 participants with ADHD and 1529 controls from 23 sites with a median age of 14 years (range 4-63 years). The volumes of the accumbens (Cohen's d=-0·15), amygdala (d=-0·19), caudate (d=-0·11), hippocampus (d=-0·11), putamen (d=-0·14), and intracranial volume (d=-0·10) were smaller in individuals with ADHD compared with controls in the mega-analysis. There was no difference in volume size in the pallidum (p=0·95) and thalamus (p=0·39) between people with ADHD and controls. Exploratory lifespan modelling suggested a delay of maturation and a delay of degeneration, as effect sizes were highest in most subgroups of children (21 years): in the accumbens (Cohen's d=-0·19 vs -0·10), amygdala (d=-0·18 vs -0·14), caudate (d=-0·13 vs -0·07), hippocampus (d=-0·12 vs -0·06), putamen (d=-0·18 vs -0·08), and intracranial volume (d=-0·14 vs 0·01). There was no difference between children and adults for the pallidum (p=0·79) or thalamus (p=0·89). Case-control differences in adults were non-significant (all p>0·03). Psychostimulant medication use (all p>0·15) or symptom scores (all p>0·02) did not influence results, nor did the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders (all p>0·5).InterpretationWith the largest dataset to date, we add new knowledge about bilateral amygdala, accumbens, and hippocampus reductions in ADHD. We extend the brain maturation delay theory for ADHD to include subcortical structures and refute medication effects on brain volume suggested by earlier meta-analyses. Lifespan analyses suggest that, in the absence of well powered longitudinal studies, the ENIGMA cross-sectional sample across six decades of ages provides a means to generate hypotheses about lifespan trajectories in brain phenotypes.FundingNational Institutes of Health.

Published
2017

40. Sex differences in social brain neural responses in autism: temporal profiles of configural face-processing within data-driven time windows.

Author

Del Bianco, Teresa, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Mason, Luke, Johnson, Mark H., Charman, Tony, Loth, Eva, Banaschewski, Tobias, Buitelaar, Jan, Murphy, Declan G. M., Jones, Emily J. H., The AIMS-2-TRIALS LEAP Team, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Durston, Sarah, Persico, Antonio, Bölte, Sven, Caceres, Antonia San Jose, Hayward, Hannah, Crawley, Daisy, Faulkner, Jessica, and Sabet, Jessica

Subjects
FUSIFORM gyrus, AUTISTIC children, AUTISM, AUTISTIC people, EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology), NEURODIVERSITY, GAZE
Abstract

Face-processing timing differences may underlie visual social attention differences between autistic and non-autistic people, and males and females. This study investigates the timing of the effects of neurotype and sex on face-processing, and their dependence on age. We analysed EEG data during upright and inverted photographs of faces from 492 participants from the Longitudinal European Autism Project (141 neurotypical males, 76 neurotypical females, 202 autistic males, 73 autistic females; age 6–30 years). We detected timings of sex/diagnosis effects on event-related potential amplitudes at the posterior–temporal channel P8 with Bootstrapped Cluster-based Permutation Analysis and conducted Growth Curve Analysis (GCA) to investigate the timecourse and dependence on age of neural signals. The periods of influence of neurotype and sex overlapped but differed in onset (respectively, 260 and 310 ms post-stimulus), with sex effects lasting longer. GCA revealed a smaller and later amplitude peak in autistic female children compared to non-autistic female children; this difference decreased in adolescence and was not significant in adulthood. No age-dependent neurotype difference was significant in males. These findings indicate that sex and neurotype influence longer latency face processing and implicates cognitive rather than perceptual processing. Sex may have more overarching effects than neurotype on configural face processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Structural and functional MRI of altered brain development in a novel adolescent rat model of quinpirole-induced compulsive checking behavior

Author

Buitelaar, Jan, de Ruiter, Saskia, Naaijen, Jilly, Akkermans, Sophie, Mennes, Maarten, Zwiers, Marcel, Ilbegi, Shahrzad, Hennissen, Leonie, Glennon, Jeffrey, van de Vondervoort, Ilse, Kapusta, Katarzyna, Bielczyk, NaAAtalia, Amiri, Houshang, Havenith, Martha, Franke, Barbara, Poelmans, Geert, Bralten, Janita, Heskes, Tom, Sokolova, Elena, Groot, Perry, Williams, Steven, Murphy, DeAAclan, Lythgoe, David, Bruchhage, Muriel, Dud, Iulia, Voinescu, Bogdan, Dittmann, Ralf, Banaschewski, Tobias, Brandeis, Daniel, Mechler, Konstantin, Berg, Ruth, Wolf, Isabella, Häge, Alexander, Landauer, Michael, Hohmann, Sarah, Schlier, Regina Boecker, Ruff, Matthias, Mandl, René, Dijkhuizen, Rick, Blezer, Erwin, Straathof, Milou, van der Marel, Kajo, Pullens, Pim, Mol, Wouter, van der Toorn, Annette, Otte, Willem, van Heijningen, Caroline, Durston, Sarah, Mensen, VinAAcent, Oranje, Bob, Joel, Daphna, Cryan, John, Petryshen, Tracey, Pauls, David, Saito, Mai, Heckman, Angelique, Bahn, Sabine, Schwalber, Ameli, Florea, Ioana, Blezer, Erwin L.A., Smeele, Christel E., Buitelaar, Jan K., Glennon, Jeffrey C., Otte, Willem M., and Dijkhuizen, Rick M.

Published
2020
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42. A multimodal neural signature of face processing in autism within the fusiform gyrus

Author

Floris, Dorothea, primary, Llera, Alberto, additional, Zabihi, Mariam, additional, Jones, Emily, additional, Mason, Luke, additional, Haartsen, Rianne, additional, Holz, Nathalie, additional, Mei, Ting, additional, Elleaume, Camille, additional, Vieira, Bruno Hebling, additional, Pretzsch, Charlotte, additional, Forde, Natalie, additional, Baumeister, Sarah, additional, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, additional, Durston, Sarah, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Ecker, Christine, additional, Holt, Rosemary, additional, Baron-Cohen, Simon, additional, Bougeron, Thomas, additional, Charman, Tony, additional, Loth, Eva, additional, Murphy, Declan, additional, Buitelaar, Jan, additional, Beckmann, Christian, additional, group, EU-AIMS LEAP, additional, and Langer, Nicolas, additional

Published
2024
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43. Differences in Intrinsic Gray Matter Connectivity and Their Genomic Underpinnings in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author

Leyhausen, Johanna, primary, Schäfer, Tim, additional, Gurr, Caroline, additional, Berg, Lisa M., additional, Seelemeyer, Hanna, additional, Pretzsch, Charlotte M., additional, Loth, Eva, additional, Oakley, Bethany, additional, Buitelaar, Jan K., additional, Beckmann, Christian F., additional, Floris, Dorothea L., additional, Charman, Tony, additional, Bourgeron, Thomas, additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Jones, Emily J.H., additional, Tillmann, Julian, additional, Chatham, Chris, additional, Murphy, Declan G., additional, Ecker, Christine, additional, Ahmad, Jumana, additional, Ambrosino, Sara, additional, Auyeung, Bonnie, additional, Baron-Cohen, Simon, additional, Baumeister, Sarah, additional, Bölte, Sven, additional, Bours, Carsten, additional, Brammer, Michael, additional, Brandeis, Daniel, additional, Brogna, Claudia, additional, de Bruijn, Yvette, additional, Chakrabarti, Bhismadev, additional, Cornelissen, Ineke, additional, Crawley, Daisy, additional, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, additional, Dumas, Guillaume, additional, Durston, Sarah, additional, Faulkner, Jessica, additional, Frouin, Vincent, additional, Garcés, Pilar, additional, Goyard, David, additional, Ham, Lindsay, additional, Hayward, Hannah, additional, Hipp, Joerg, additional, Holt, Rosemary, additional, Johnson, Mark H., additional, Kundu, Prantik, additional, Lai, Meng-Chuan, additional, D’ardhuy, Xavier Liogier, additional, Lombardo, Michael V., additional, Lythgoe, David J., additional, Mandl, René, additional, Marquand, Andre, additional, Mason, Luke, additional, Mennes, Maarten, additional, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, additional, Moessnang, Carolin, additional, Bast, Nico, additional, Murphy, Declan G.M., additional, O’Dwyer, Laurence, additional, Oldehinkel, Marianne, additional, Oranje, Bob, additional, Pandina, Gahan, additional, Persico, Antonio M., additional, Ruggeri, Barbara, additional, Ruigrok, Amber, additional, Sabet, Jessica, additional, Sacco, Roberto, additional, San José Cáceres, Antonia, additional, Simonoff, Emily, additional, Spooren, Will, additional, Toro, Roberto, additional, Tost, Heike, additional, Waldman, Jack, additional, Williams, Steve C.R., additional, Wooldridge, Caroline, additional, and Zwiers, Marcel P., additional

Published
2024
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45. Towards robust and replicable sex differences in the intrinsic brain function of autism

Author

Floris, Dorothea L., Filho, José O. A., Lai, Meng-Chuan, Giavasis, Steve, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Mennes, Maarten, Charman, Tony, Tillmann, Julian, Dumas, Guillaume, Ecker, Christine, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Banaschewski, Tobias, Moessnang, Carolin, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Durston, Sarah, Loth, Eva, Murphy, Declan G. M., Buitelaar, Jan K., Beckmann, Christian F., Milham, Michael P., and Di Martino, Adriana

Published
2021
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46. Author Correction: Altered structural brain asymmetry in autism spectrum disorder in a study of 54 datasets

Author

Postema, Merel C., van Rooij, Daan, Anagnostou, Evdokia, Arango, Celso, Auzias, Guillaume, Behrmann, Marlene, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Calderoni, Sara, Calvo, Rosa, Daly, Eileen, Deruelle, Christine, Di Martino, Adriana, Dinstein, Ilan, Duran, Fabio Luis S., Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Ehrlich, Stefan, Fair, Damien, Fedor, Jennifer, Feng, Xin, Fitzgerald, Jackie, Floris, Dorothea L., Freitag, Christine M., Gallagher, Louise, Glahn, David C., Gori, Ilaria, Haar, Shlomi, Hoekstra, Liesbeth, Jahanshad, Neda, Jalbrzikowski, Maria, Janssen, Joost, King, Joseph A., Kong, Xiang Zhen, Lazaro, Luisa, Lerch, Jason P., Luna, Beatriz, Martinho, Mauricio M., McGrath, Jane, Medland, Sarah E., Muratori, Filippo, Murphy, Clodagh M., Murphy, Declan G. M., O’Hearn, Kirsten, Oranje, Bob, Parellada, Mara, Puig, Olga, Retico, Alessandra, Rosa, Pedro, Rubia, Katya, Shook, Devon, Taylor, Margot J., Tosetti, Michela, Wallace, Gregory L., Zhou, Fengfeng, Thompson, Paul M., Fisher, Simon E., Buitelaar, Jan K., and Francks, Clyde

Published
2021
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47. The Link Between Autism and Sex-Related Neuroanatomy, and Associated Cognition and Gene Expression

Author

Floris, Dorothea L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-6821, Peng, Han, Warrier, Varun, Lombardo, Michael V, Pretzsch, Charlotte M, Moreau, Clara, Tsompanidis, Alex, Gong, Weikang, Mennes, Maarten, Llera, Alberto, van Rooij, Daan, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Forde, Natalie J, Charman, Tony; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549, Tillmann, Julian, Banaschewski, Tobias; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144, Moessnang, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-2706, Durston, Sarah, Holt, Rosemary J, Ecker, Christine, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Loth, Eva, Bourgeron, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-9220, Murphy, Declan G M, Marquand, Andre F, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Buitelaar, Jan K; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-7757, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beckmann, Christian F, et al, Floris, Dorothea L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-6821, Peng, Han, Warrier, Varun, Lombardo, Michael V, Pretzsch, Charlotte M, Moreau, Clara, Tsompanidis, Alex, Gong, Weikang, Mennes, Maarten, Llera, Alberto, van Rooij, Daan, Oldehinkel, Marianne, Forde, Natalie J, Charman, Tony; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549, Tillmann, Julian, Banaschewski, Tobias; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144, Moessnang, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-2706, Durston, Sarah, Holt, Rosemary J, Ecker, Christine, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Loth, Eva, Bourgeron, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-9220, Murphy, Declan G M, Marquand, Andre F, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Buitelaar, Jan K; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-7757, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beckmann, Christian F, and et al

Abstract

Objective: The male preponderance in prevalence of autism is among the most pronounced sex ratios across neurodevelopmental conditions. The authors sought to elucidate the relationship between autism and typical sex-differential neuroanatomy, cognition, and related gene expression. Methods: Using a novel deep learning framework trained to predict biological sex based on T1-weighted structural brain images, the authors compared sex prediction model performance across neurotypical and autistic males and females. Multiple large-scale data sets comprising T1-weighted MRI data were employed at four stages of the analysis pipeline: 1) pretraining, with the UK Biobank sample (>10,000 individuals); 2) transfer learning and validation, with the ABIDE data sets (1,412 individuals, 5–56 years of age); 3) test and discovery, with the EU-AIMS/AIMS-2-TRIALS LEAP data set (681 individuals, 6–30 years of age); and 4) specificity, with the NeuroIMAGE and ADHD200 data sets (887 individuals, 7–26 years of age). Results: Across both ABIDE and LEAP, features positively predictive of neurotypical males were on average significantly more predictive of autistic males (ABIDE: Cohen’s d=0.48; LEAP: Cohen’s d=1.34). Features positively predictive of neurotypical females were on average significantly less predictive of autistic females (ABIDE: Cohen’s d=1.25; LEAP: Cohen’s d=1.29). These differences in sex prediction accuracy in autism were not observed in individuals with ADHD. In autistic females, the male-shifted neurophenotype was further associated with poorer social sensitivity and emotional face processing while also associated with gene expression patterns of midgestational cell types. Conclusions: The results demonstrate an increased resemblance in both autistic male and female individuals’ neuroanatomy with male-characteristic patterns associated with typically sex-differential social cognitive features and related gene expression patterns. The findings hold promise for future resear

Published
2023

48. Cross-sectional and longitudinal neuroanatomical profiles of distinct clinical (adaptive) outcomes in autism

Author

Pretzsch, Charlotte M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2761-6628, Floris, Dorothea L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-6821, Schäfer, Tim; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3683-8070, Bletsch, Anke; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-4065, Gurr, Caroline, Lombardo, Michael V, Chatham, Chris H; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-8285, Tillmann, Julian, Charman, Tony; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549, Arenella, Martina, Jones, Emily, Ambrosino, Sara, Bourgeron, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-9220, Dumas, Guillaume; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2253-1844, Cliquet, Freddy; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-0685, Leblond, Claire S, Loth, Eva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9458-9167, Oakley, Bethany, Buitelaar, Jan K; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-7757, Baron-Cohen, Simon; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-2544, Beckmann, Christian F, Persico, Antonio M, Banaschewski, Tobias; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144, Durston, Sarah, Freitag, Christine M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-4782, Murphy, Declan G M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7451, Ecker, Christine, Pretzsch, Charlotte M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2761-6628, Floris, Dorothea L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-6821, Schäfer, Tim; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3683-8070, Bletsch, Anke; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-4065, Gurr, Caroline, Lombardo, Michael V, Chatham, Chris H; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-8285, Tillmann, Julian, Charman, Tony; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549, Arenella, Martina, Jones, Emily, Ambrosino, Sara, Bourgeron, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-9220, Dumas, Guillaume; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2253-1844, Cliquet, Freddy; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-0685, Leblond, Claire S, Loth, Eva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9458-9167, Oakley, Bethany, Buitelaar, Jan K; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8288-7757, Baron-Cohen, Simon; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-2544, Beckmann, Christian F, Persico, Antonio M, Banaschewski, Tobias; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144, Durston, Sarah, Freitag, Christine M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-4782, Murphy, Declan G M; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7451, and Ecker, Christine

Abstract

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (henceforth referred to as autism) display significant variation in clinical outcome. For instance, across age, some individuals’ adaptive skills naturally improve or remain stable, while others’ decrease. To pave the way for ‘precision-medicine’ approaches, it is crucial to identify the cross-sectional and, given the developmental nature of autism, longitudinal neurobiological (including neuroanatomical and linked genetic) correlates of this variation. We conducted a longitudinal follow-up study of 333 individuals (161 autistic and 172 neurotypical individuals, aged 6–30 years), with two assessment time points separated by ~12–24 months. We collected behavioural (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale-II, VABS-II) and neuroanatomical (structural magnetic resonance imaging) data. Autistic participants were grouped into clinically meaningful “Increasers”, “No-changers”, and “Decreasers” in adaptive behaviour (based on VABS-II scores). We compared each clinical subgroup’s neuroanatomy (surface area and cortical thickness at T1, ∆T (intra-individual change) and T2) to that of the neurotypicals. Next, we explored the neuroanatomical differences’ potential genomic associates using the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Clinical subgroups had distinct neuroanatomical profiles in surface area and cortical thickness at baseline, neuroanatomical development, and follow-up. These profiles were enriched for genes previously associated with autism and for genes previously linked to neurobiological pathways implicated in autism (e.g. excitation-inhibition systems). Our findings suggest that distinct clinical outcomes (i.e. intra-individual change in clinical profiles) linked to autism core symptoms are associated with atypical cross-sectional and longitudinal, i.e. developmental, neurobiological profiles. If validated, our findings may advance the development of interventions, e.g. targeting mechanisms linked to relatively poorer outcomes.

Published
2023

49. Linking functional and structural brain organisation with behaviour in autism: a multimodal EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) study

Author

Oblong, Lennart M, Llera, Alberto, Mei, Ting, Haak, Koen, Isakoglou, Christina, Floris, Dorothea L, Durston, Sarah, Moessnang, Carolin, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Loth, Eva, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Charman, Tony, Murphy, Declan G M, Ecker, Christine, Buitelaar, Jan K, Beckmann, Christian F, EU-AIMS LEAP Group, Forde, Natalie J, et al, Brandeis, Daniel, Oblong, Lennart M, Llera, Alberto, Mei, Ting, Haak, Koen, Isakoglou, Christina, Floris, Dorothea L, Durston, Sarah, Moessnang, Carolin, Banaschewski, Tobias, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Loth, Eva, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Charman, Tony, Murphy, Declan G M, Ecker, Christine, Buitelaar, Jan K, Beckmann, Christian F, EU-AIMS LEAP Group, Forde, Natalie J, et al, and Brandeis, Daniel

Abstract

Neuroimaging analyses of brain structure and function in autism have typically been conducted in isolation, missing the sensitivity gains of linking data across modalities. Here we focus on the integration of structural and functional organisational properties of brain regions. We aim to identify novel brain-organisation phenotypes of autism. We utilised multimodal MRI (T1-, diffusion-weighted and resting state functional), behavioural and clinical data from the EU AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) from autistic (n = 206) and non-autistic (n = 196) participants. Of these, 97 had data from 2 timepoints resulting in a total scan number of 466. Grey matter density maps, probabilistic tractography connectivity matrices and connectopic maps were extracted from respective MRI modalities and were then integrated with Linked Independent Component Analysis. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the relationship between components and group while accounting for covariates and non-independence of participants with longitudinal data. Additional models were run to investigate associations with dimensional measures of behaviour. We identified one component that differed significantly between groups (coefficient = 0.33, p$_{adj}$ = 0.02). This was driven (99%) by variance of the right fusiform gyrus connectopic map 2. While there were multiple nominal (uncorrected p < 0.05) associations with behavioural measures, none were significant following multiple comparison correction. Our analysis considered the relative contributions of both structural and functional brain phenotypes simultaneously, finding that functional phenotypes drive associations with autism. These findings expanded on previous unimodal studies by revealing the topographic organisation of functional connectivity patterns specific to autism and warrant further investigation.

Published
2023

50. Processing of social and monetary rewards in autism spectrum disorders

Author

Baumeister, Sarah; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-0084, Moessnang, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-2706, Bast, Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-207X, Hohmann, Sarah, Aggensteiner, Pascal; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-9044, Kaiser, Anna, Tillmann, Julian, Goyard, David, Charman, Tony; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549, Ambrosino, Sara, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beckmann, Christian, Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-9220, Rausch, Annika, Crawley, Daisy, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Dumas, Guillaume, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Floris, Dorothea L, Frouin, Vincent, Hayward, Hannah, Holt, Rosemary, Johnson, Mark H, Jones, Emily J H, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Lombardo, Michael V, Mason, Luke, Oakley, Bethany, Brandeis, Daniel, et al, Baumeister, Sarah; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9005-0084, Moessnang, Carolin; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-2706, Bast, Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-207X, Hohmann, Sarah, Aggensteiner, Pascal; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-9044, Kaiser, Anna, Tillmann, Julian, Goyard, David, Charman, Tony; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1993-6549, Ambrosino, Sara, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beckmann, Christian, Bölte, Sven, Bourgeron, Thomas; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8164-9220, Rausch, Annika, Crawley, Daisy, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Dumas, Guillaume, Durston, Sarah, Ecker, Christine, Floris, Dorothea L, Frouin, Vincent, Hayward, Hannah, Holt, Rosemary, Johnson, Mark H, Jones, Emily J H, Lai, Meng-Chuan, Lombardo, Michael V, Mason, Luke, Oakley, Bethany, Brandeis, Daniel, and et al

Abstract

Background: Reward processing has been proposed to underpin the atypical social feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, previous neuroimaging studies have yielded inconsistent results regarding the specificity of atypicalities for social reward processing in ASD. Aims: Utilising a large sample, we aimed to assess reward processing in response to reward type (social, monetary) and reward phase (anticipation, delivery) in ASD. Method: Functional magnetic resonance imaging during social and monetary reward anticipation and delivery was performed in 212 individuals with ASD (7.6-30.6 years of age) and 181 typically developing participants (7.6-30.8 years of age). Results: Across social and monetary reward anticipation, whole-brain analyses showed hypoactivation of the right ventral striatum in participants with ASD compared with typically developing participants. Further, region of interest analysis across both reward types yielded ASD-related hypoactivation in both the left and right ventral striatum. Across delivery of social and monetary reward, hyperactivation of the ventral striatum in individuals with ASD did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Dimensional analyses of autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) scores were not significant. In categorical analyses, post hoc comparisons showed that ASD effects were most pronounced in participants with ASD without co-occurring ADHD. Conclusions: Our results do not support current theories linking atypical social interaction in ASD to specific alterations in social reward processing. Instead, they point towards a generalised hypoactivity of ventral striatum in ASD during anticipation of both social and monetary rewards. We suggest this indicates attenuated reward seeking in ASD independent of social content and that elevated ADHD symptoms may attenuate altered reward seeking in ASD.

Published
2023

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