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Background/Objectives: The extensive range of instruments designed for evaluating functional performance (FP) in chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents a challenge in selecting the most appropriate one. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to summarise FP instruments, their measurement properties, their minimum clinically important differences, and their associations with CRD course-related events or prognosis in non-COPD CRD. Methods: Studies employing patient-reported or performance-based instruments to assess FP in non-COPD CRD were systematically identified in the PubMed, PEDro, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. COPD-exclusive studies or those solely reporting exercise capacity tests were excluded. Examination focused on measurement properties and associations with CRD course-related events or prognosis. The risk of bias was evaluated using the COSMIN, Downs and Black, and PEDro checklists based on the study design. Results: A total of 216 studies across seven CRD categories [asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), pre-/post-lung-transplantation] from various study types were included. Thirty-three instruments were identified, with the SF-36 questionnaire's physical function domain being the most commonly used patient-reported tool. The 1 min sit-to-stand test was the most extensively studied performance-based measure, with its measurement properties frequently reported in non-COPD CRD studies. Associations with events were infrequently documented, primarily in ILD and PAH studies related to mortality. Conclusions: Despite the prevalent use of FP instruments, limited information exists concerning their measurement properties and clinical implications. This review furnishes a concise summary of available evidence, aiding informed clinical decisions when selecting FP tools for non-COPD CRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing physical activity in daily life (PADL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mainly in short-term training programs, is still a challenge. The combination of functional exercises with aerobic and resistance training may be a strategy to improve PADL and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) in COPD. To evaluated the short- and medium-term effects of the combination of functional exercises with aerobic and resistance training. Seventy-six patients were randomized into (1) functional training group who performed resistance and aerobic and functional exercises; (2) conventional training group (CTG) who performed resistance and aerobic exercise; or (3) usual care group who performed respiratory physiotherapy. Patients were evaluated for PADL (activity monitor), ADL limitations (London Chest Activity of Daily Living scale [LCADL]), functional exercise capacity (6-minute walk test [6MWT]), and peripheral muscle strength before and after eight weeks. Medium-term effects were evaluated 12 weeks after the training. There were no changes or differences between groups in PADL and in 6MWT post-intervention and 12 weeks post-training. Only CTG showed a reduction in the total score on LCADL scale after the intervention and increase at follow-up (score: 20 ± 8; 17 ± 6; 19 ± 8, pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 12 weeks post-training, respectively, p = 0.001), without differences between groups (p = 0.375). There were increases in the muscle strength of knee flexors (p = 0.016) and extensors (p < 0.001) after the intervention only in CTG. Combined aerobic and resistance training with functional exercises failed to improve PADL and ADL limitations in COPD. Eight weeks of conventional training improved ADL. This, however, was not superior to the results from the other groups and was not sustained at medium-term 12 weeks post-training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was designed to analyze the association between the risk of undernutrition and indicators of hospital rehabilitation in patients with COVID-19 while controlling for confounding variables. This was an analytical study conducted by analyzing the medical records of patients with COVID-19. A total of 562 adult patients were eligible for the study. In addition to the risk of undernutrition (independent variable), indicators of hospital rehabilitation (dependent variables) were evaluated. These indicators included the length of hospital stay, clinical outcome (discharge or death), food intake, mobility (bedridden status), the use of mechanical ventilation, and the need for enteral nutrition. Pre-existing comorbidities (confounding/control variables) were grouped into cardiovascular, metabolic/endocrine, neurological, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other categories (neoplasms, multiple sclerosis, and kidney disease). A dichotomization model was applied for data analysis. The Chi-Square test was used to verify the association between the risk of undernutrition and the dependent variables. Associations with a significance level of P < 0.05 were subjected to Poisson regression to identify the prevalence ratio. Patients at risk of undernutrition had a 90% higher chance of being bedridden and were 35 times more likely to experience a decrease in food intake. They also had an 89% higher chance of using invasive mechanical ventilation and a 91% higher chance of requiring enteral nutrition. Additionally, individuals at risk of undernutrition had a 73% higher chance of death. Adjustment for comorbidities did not alter these associations, demonstrating that the risk of undernutrition is independently associated with indicators of hospital rehabilitation. The risk of undernutrition is independently associated with worsened indicators of hospital rehabilitation in patients with COVID-19, including higher prevalence of mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To adapt the PROactive Physical Activity in COPD-clinical visit (C-PPAC) instrument to the cultural setting in Brazil and to determine the criterion validity, testretest reliability agreement, and internal consistency of this version. Methods: A protocol for cultural adaptation and validation was provided by the authors of the original instrument and, together with another guideline, was applied in a Portuguese-language version developed by a partner research group from Portugal. The adapted Brazilian Portuguese version was then cross-sectionally administered twice within a seven-day interval to 30 individuals with COPD (57% were men; mean age was 69 ± 6 years; and mean FEV1 was 53 ± 18% of predicted) to evaluate internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Participants also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the modified Medical Research Council scale, the COPD Assessment Test, and Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire to evaluate criterion validity. Results: The C-PPAC instrument showed good internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability: "amount" domain = 0.87 (95% CI, 0.73-0.94) and "difficulty" domain = 0.90 (95% CI, 0.76-0.96). Bland & Altman plots, together with high Lin's concordance correlation coefficients, reinforced that agreement. Criterion validity showed moderate-to-strong correlations of the C-PPAC with all of the other instruments evaluated, especially with the IPAQ (rho = -0.63). Conclusions: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the C-PPAC is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating the experience of Brazilian individuals with COPD with their physical activity in daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: To compare the effects of three modalities of resistance training, two using elastic components and one using conventional weight machine on peripheral muscle strength in Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Effects on exercise capacity, impact of disease on health status, body composition and daily level of physical activity were investigated as secondary endpoints. Methods: Forty-eight participants were randomly allocated (Trials Registry #RBR-6V9SJJ) into Elastic band group (Theraband®) (EBG), Elastic tubes training using Lemgruber® (ETG), and Conventional training with weight machine equipment (CG). Participants were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of training regarding peripheral muscle strength by dynamometry; impact of disease on health status via COPD Assessment Test, CAT; exercise capacity by 6-min walk test, 6MWT; body composition by bioelectrical impedance; and daily level of physical activities via accelerometry. Results: Inter-group comparison of training effects did not elucidate significant differences between the modalities in muscle strength (p ≥.2). Likewise, all training modalities showed similar effects on CAT, body composition and daily physical activity variables with no statistical significance observed (p ≥.15). Conclusions: Modalities of resistance training using elastic components presented similar effects on muscle strength, health status, exercise capacity, body composition and daily level of physical activity in individuals with COPD. The effects of elastic resistance were similar to conventional resistance training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]