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87 results on '"Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects"'

1. Toxic bust : chemicals and breast cancer

Author

Plumb Pictures (Firm), production company., Bullfrog Films, distributor., Siler, Megan, film director, film producer, screenwriter, editor of moving image work, videographer., and Campanelli, Brooke, narrator.

Published
2020

3. Joint Informational hearing of the Senate Health and Human Services Committee and Assembly Health Committee : breast cancer and the environment

Subjects
Breast Cancer California., Breast Cancer Environmental aspects., Breast Cancer Etiology., Environmental health California., Sein Cancer Californie., Sein Cancer Aspect de l'environnement., Sein Cancer Étiologie., Breast Cancer., Breast Cancer Environmental aspects., Breast Cancer Etiology., Environmental health., California.
Published
2002

5. Is breast cancer a result of epigenetic responses to traffic-related air pollution? A review of the latest evidence

Author

Rachel L. Miller, Mary Beth Terry, and Debashish Sahay

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA--Methylation, Nitrogen Dioxide, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Air pollution, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Epigenesis, Genetic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Adverse health effect, Air Pollution, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Animal study, Epigenetics, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Vehicle Emissions, Breast--Cancer--Risk factors, Epigenomics, Environmental Exposure, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Breast--Cancer, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, DNA methylation, Female, Nitrogen Oxides, Particulate Matter, Air--Pollution, Systematic Review, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Environmental toxicants can exert adverse health effects via epigenetic regulation. We conducted a review of studies assessing traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and breast cancer (BC) risk, and the evidence for epigenetic mediation. 14 epidemiological studies demonstrated associations between TRAP exposure and BC risk, in which a total of 26 comparisons were assessed. 11 of these comparisons reported a positive association; whereas 15 comparisons were negative. Five publications linked TRAP exposure to epigenetic alterations in genes that may be related to BC risk. One animal study provided evidence of TRAP-treatment inducing breast tumorigenesis. Associations between TRAP components polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and BC risk were more consistent. While evidence for epigenetic regulation remains limited, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposures may alter methylation of breast tumorigenic genes (e.g., EPHB2, LONP1). Future epigenomic studies with environmental measures are needed to interrogate the relationship between TRAP and BC risk.

Published
2019

6. Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of breast cancer

Author

Silver, Sharon R., Whelan, Elizabeth A., Deddens, James A., Steenland, N.Kyle, Hopf, Nancy B., Waters, Martha A., Ruder, Avima M., Prince, Mary M., Yong, Lee C., Hein, Misty J., and Ward, Elizabeth M.

Subjects
Occupational health and safety -- Research, Occupational health and safety -- Health aspects, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Health aspects, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Research, Breast cancer -- Research, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Prognosis, Breast cancer -- Risk factors
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the endocrine system activity exhibited by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), recent studies have shown little association between PCB exposure and breast cancer mortality. OBJECTIVES: To further evaluate the relation [...]

Published
2009

7. Bisphenol A at low nanomolar doses confers chemoresistance in estrogen receptor-[alpha]-positive and -negative breast cancer cells

Author

LaPensee, Elizabeth W., Tuttle, Traci R., Fox, Sejal R., and Ben-Jonathan, Nira

Subjects
Bisphenol-A -- Dosage and administration, Bisphenol-A -- Health aspects, Bisphenol-A -- Usage, Breast cancer -- Care and treatment, Breast cancer -- Research, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Drug therapy, Antimitotic agents -- Usage, Antimitotic agents -- Research, Antineoplastic agents -- Usage, Antineoplastic agents -- Research
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem facing breast cancer patients, and identifying potential contributors to chemoresistance is a critical area of research. Bisphenol A (BPA) has long been [...]

Published
2009

8. Policy issues in environmental health disputes

Author

Brown, Phil, Zavestoski, Stephen, Mayer, Brian, McCormick, Sabrina, and Webster, Pamela S.

Subjects
Asthma, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Environmentally induced diseases -- Political aspects, Environmentally induced diseases -- Risk factors, Environmentally induced diseases -- Causes of, Social movements -- Political aspects, Social movements -- Health aspects, Political science, Social sciences
Abstract

This article compares the state of policies concerning three different diseases/conditions with putative environmental factors: asthma, breast cancer, and Gulf War-related illnesses. By comparing the state of four different types of policies--research funding, regulations, compensation/treatment, and citizen participation--the authors demonstrate the dynamic relationship between policies and health social movements. They identify four factors that shape policy for these three diseases: the science base supporting the environmental causation hypothesis, prevalence and perception of risk, the sources of support for the environmental causation hypothesis, and the strength of health social movements. All four factors contribute to policy outcomes, but they find the strength of health social movements to be particularly important for the three diseases they examine. In some cases, social movement activity can be more important than the strength of the science base in terms of policy outcome success.

Published
2002

9. Predictors of plasma concentrations of DDE and PCBs in a group of U.S. women

Author

Laden, Francine, Neas, Lucas M., Spiegelman, Donna, Hankinson, Susan E., Willett, Walter C., Ireland, Karen, Wolff, Mary S., and Hunter, David J.

Subjects
Women -- Health aspects, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Environmental aspects, Fish as food -- Health aspects, DDT (Insecticide) -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Blood cholesterol -- Health aspects, Food habits -- Health aspects, Lactation -- Health aspects
Abstract

Plasma concentration predictors of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a metabolite of DDT, have been evaluated in U.S. women who were controls from a breast cancer case-control study that was part of the Nurses' Health Study. The most reliable predictors of DDE levels were age and serum cholesterol. The most important predictors of PCB levels were serum cholesterol, age and living in the Northeast or Midwest. Null results were seen for the majority of food variables. Specific dietary factors other than fish seem not to be substantial contributors.

Published
1999

10. Vehicular traffic-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and breast cancer incidence: the long island breast cancer study project (LIBCSP)

Author

Mordukhovich, Irina, Beyea, Jan, Herring, Amy H., Hatch, Maureen, Stellman, Steven D., Teitelbaum, Susan L., Richardson, David B., Millikan, Robert C., Engel, Lawrence S., Shantakumar, Sumitra, Steck, Susan E., Neugut, Alfred I., Rossner, Pavel, Jr., Santella, Regina M., and Gammon, Marilie D.

Subjects
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Automotive emissions -- Health aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Risk factors, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants, known human lung carcinogens, and potent mammary carcinogens in laboratory animals. However, the association between PAHs and breast cancer in women is unclear. Vehicular traffic is a major ambient source of PAH exposure. OBJECTIVES: Our study aim was to evaluate the association between residential exposure to vehicular traffic and breast cancer incidence. METHODS: Residential histories of 1,508 participants with breast cancer (case participants) and 1,556 particpants with no breast cancer (control participants) were assessed in a population-based investigation conducted in 1996-1997. Traffic exposure estimates of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), as a proxy for traffic-related PAHs, for the years 1960-1995 were reconstructed using a model previously shown to generate estimates consistent with measured soil PAHs, PAH--DNA adducts, and CO readings. Associations between vehicular traffic exposure estimates and breast cancer incidence were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The odds ratio (95% CI) was modestly elevated by 1.44 (0.78, 2.68) for the association between breast cancer and long-term 1960-1990 vehicular traffic estimates in the top 5%, compared with below the median. The association with recent 1995 traffic exposure was elevated by 1.14 (0.80, 1.64) for the top 5%, compared with below the median, which was stronger among women with low fruit/vegetable intake [1.46 (0.89, 2.40)], but not among those with high fruit/vegetable intake [0.92 (0.53, 1.60)]. Among the subset of women with information regarding traffic exposure and tumor hormone receptor subtype, the traffic-breast cancer association was higher for those with estrogen/progesterone-negative tumors [1.67 (0.91, 3.05) relative to control participants], but lower among all other tumor subtypes [0.80 (0.50, 1.27) compared with control participants]. CONCLUSIONS: In our population-based study, we observed positive associations between vehicular traffic-related B[a]P exposure and breast cancer incidence among women with comparatively high long-term traffic B[a]P exposures, although effect estimates were imprecise. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307736, Introduction Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the United States [American Cancer Society (ACS) 2011]. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants formed from incomplete combustion [...]

Published
2016
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11. Dismantling the master's house: cancer activists, discourses of prevention, and environmental justice

Author

Anglin, Mary K.

Subjects
Industrial development -- Diseases, Cancer -- Causes of, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies
Abstract

Cancer activists are increasingly using environmental factors in their explanation of high rates of cancer in certain areas. They have argued that industrial development's creation of toxic substances is a major cause of cancer. However, the causes of breast cancer should be investigated within the lifestyles of women living in industrial societies.

Published
1998

13. Environmental pollutants and breast cancer: epidemiologic studies

Author

Brody, Julia Green, Moysich, Kirsten B., Humblet, Olivier, Attfield, Kathleen R., Beehler, Gregory P., and Rudel, Ruthann A.

Subjects
Pollutants -- Health aspects, Pollutants -- Research, Breast cancer -- Risk factors, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Research, Health
Published
2007

16. Mapping out a search for environmental causes of breast cancer

Author

Brody, Julia Green, Rudel, Ruthann, Maxwell, Nancy Irwin, and Swedis, Susan R.

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Environmentally induced diseases -- Demographic aspects, Cancer -- Causes of
Abstract

When the Massachusetts Department of Public Health published town-by-town cancer statistics for 1982-1990, the breast cancer rates for Cape Cod stood out as sharply as the peninsula itself on a […]

Published
1996

17. Synergistic activation of estrogen receptor with combinations of environmental chemicals

Author

Arnold, Steven F., Klotz, Diane M., Collins, Bridgette M., Vonier, Peter M., Guillette, Jr., Louis J., and McLachlan, John A.

Subjects
Pollutants -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Prostate cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects, Estrogen -- Receptors, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects, Science and technology, Health aspects, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Certain chemicals in the environment are estrogenic. The low potencies of these compounds, when studied singly, suggest that they may have little effect on biological systems. The estrogenic potencies of combinations of such chemicals were screened in a simple yeast estrogen system (YES) containing human estrogen receptor (hER). Combinations of two weak environmental estrogens, such as dieldrin, endosulfan, or toxaphene, were 1000 times as potent in hER-mediated transactivation as any chemical alone. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls shown previously to synergistically alter sexual development in turtles also synergized in the YES. The synergistic interaction of chemical mixtures with the estrogen receptor may have profound environmental implications. These results may represent a previously uncharacterized level of regulation of estrogen-associated responses., Reports of abnormal sexual development in reptiles (1, 2) or birds (3) as well as feminized responses in male fish (4-6) have suggested an association with environmental chemicals functioning as [...]

Published
1996

20. Despite mounting evidence of environmental causes for the breast cancer explosion, our scientific and political establishments have avoided investigating them....

Author

Castleman, Michael

Subjects
Mammography -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects, General interest, Political science, Social sciences, Environmental aspects, Health aspects
Abstract

Scientists can't find what they don't look for--or what they ignore. Maybe that's why it's taken so long for the cancer research community to acknowledge that environmental pollutants may play [...]

Published
1994

21. Cancer's missing link

Author

Ince, Susan

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Women -- Health aspects, Organochlorine compounds -- Health aspects, Mammography -- Usage, Fashion and beauty
Abstract

Pollution in the environment may be a cause of breast cancer, but reliable studies are difficult to do because it is hard to separate causal factors. Frequently, researchers take a limited view of breast cancer.

Published
1994

22. EcoCancers: do environmental factors underlie a breast cancer epidemic?

Author

Raloff, Janet

Subjects
Estrogen -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects, Science and technology
Abstract

Do environmental factors underlie a breast cancer epidemic? Throughout countries rich and poor, industrial and rural, breast cancer incidence is on the rise. No one knows what's fueling that increase, [...]

Published
1993

23. Blood levels of organochlorine residues and risk of breast cancer

Author

Wolff, Mary S., Toniolo, Paolo G., Lee, Eric W., Rivera, Marilyn, and Dubin, Neil

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Organochlorine compounds -- Physiological aspects, DDT (Insecticide) -- Physiological aspects, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Physiological aspects, Health
Abstract

Background: Organochlorines such as DDT [2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane] and PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls), which have been used extensively as insecticides and as fluid insulators of electrical components, respectively, are known to be persistent environmental contaminants and animal carcinogens. These agents have been found in human tissue due to their inefficient metabolism and their solubility in lipids, which lead to lifelong sequestration in adipose tissue. Their association with human cancer occurrence, however, has been explored only marginally, with most studies having 20 or fewer cases. Purpose: This blinded study was designed to determine whether exposure to PCBs and to DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene], the major metabolite of DDT, is associated with breast cancer risk in women. Methods: We analyzed sera from the stored blood specimens of 14290 participants enrolled between 1985 and 1991 in the New York University Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort study of hormones, diet, and cancer. Cohort members who developed breast cancer were included as case patients in our nested case-control study. DDE and PCBs were measured by gas chromatography in the sera of 58 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer 1-6 months after they entered the cohort and in 171 matched control subjects from the same study population who did not develop cancer. Results: Mean levels of DDE and PCBs were higher for breast cancer case patients than for control subjects, but paired differences were statistically significant only for DDE (P = .031). After adjustment for first-degree family history of breast cancer, lifetime lactation, and age at first full-term pregnancy, conditional logistic regression analysis showed a fourfold increase in relative risk of breast cancer for an elevation of serum DDE concentrations from 2.0 ng/mL (10th percentile) to 19.1 ng/mL (90th percentile). For PCBs, the relative risk for a change in serum levels from 3.9 ng/mL. (10th percentile) to 10.6 ng/mL (90th percentile) was less than twofold, a nonsignificant association that was further reduced after adjustment for DDE. Conclusion: In this population of New York City women, breast cancer was strongly associated with DDE in serum but not with PCBs. Implications: These findings suggest that environmental chemical contamination with organochlorine residues may be an important etiologic factor in breast cancer. Given the widespread dissemination of organochlorine insecticides in the environment and the food chain, the implications are far-reaching for public health intervention worldwide. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85:648-652, 1993]

Published
1993

24. Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in human breast lipids and their relation to breast cancer

Author

Falck, Frank, Jr., Ricci, Andrew, Jr., Wolff, Mary S., Godbold, James, and Deckers, Peter

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Pesticides -- Physiological aspects, Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Physiological aspects, Lipids -- Physiological aspects, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

The etiology of human breast cancer is unknown; accepted risk factors, e.g., menstrual, reproductive, and family histories, are implicated in less than half of all cases. Various halogenated hydrocarbons--acting as either co-carcinogens or promoting agents--which are derived from the environment and are concentrated in human fatty stores, may also play a role in breast cancer risk. A pilot study was undertaken to measure and compare levels of chemical residues in mammary adipose tissue from women with malignant and nonmalignant breast disease. Elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1 dichloroethene, and bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1 trichloroethane were found in fat samples from women with cancer, compared with those who had benign breast disease. These results, although preliminary, suggest a role for environmentally derived suspect carcinogens in the genesis of mammary carcinoma., WIDESPREAD ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION has occurred with several pesticide residues of the halogenated hydrocarbon family, including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloro-ethylene (DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), benzene hexachloride (BHC), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), [...]

Published
1992

25. The Green Solution to Breast Cancer : A Promise for Prevention

Author

Kristen Abatsis McHenry Ph.D and Kristen Abatsis McHenry Ph.D

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects--United States, Breast--Cancer--United States--Prevention, Breast--Cancer--Research, Women--Health and hygiene
Abstract

This unique, research-based investigation of the U.S. breast cancer movement compares the'pink'and'green'efforts within the movement and documents their use of similar citizen-science alliances, despite the contention over the use of consumer-based activism and pink products.Breast cancer activism is one of the most flourishing research and health advocacy movements in U.S. history. Yet the incidence of breast cancer is continuing to increase. This critical and revealing text investigates breast cancer activism in its two forms—the'pink movement'that focuses on developing awareness of, coping with, and managing breast cancer; and the'green movement'that strives to determine the possible environmental causes of breast cancer—such as pesticides, chemicals, and water and air pollution—and thereby hopes to prevent breast cancer.What caused this new green movement to develop? Will it replace or merge with the pink movement? Does either approach offer more promise for a solution? And how do the two movements differ in their positions or methodology towards a similar goal? With information culled from interviews with more than 50 industry stakeholders, The Green Solution to Breast Cancer: A Promise for Prevention argues that key attributes such as strategy, mission, and branding have led to a greater convergence between the pink and green wings of the movement and presents information that enables readers to consider if either approach might be the shorter route to beating breast cancer.

Published
2015

26. Breast and prostate cancer: a look at the environment. (Health Risks and Environmental Issues)

Author

Williams, Rose Marie

Subjects
Prostate cancer -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Health, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Breast and prostate cancer rates are highest among the industrialized nations of North America and Europe. The diagnosis of prostate cancer in men has surpassed the diagnosis of breast cancer [...]

Published
2002

27. Sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are associated with gene-specific promoter methylation in women with breast cancer

Author

Maureen Hatch, Susan E. Steck, Hanina Hibshoosh, Sybil M. Eng, Regina M. Santella, Mary Beth Terry, Marilie D. Gammon, Xinran Xu, Irina Mordukhovich, Lauren E. McCullough, Jia Chen, Steven D. Stellman, Yoon Hee Cho, Alexandra J. White, Jan Beyea, Alfred I. Neugut, Kathleen Conway, Lawrence S. Engel, and Susan L. Teitelbaum

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Epidemiology, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Tobacco smoke, Epigenesis, Genetic, 0302 clinical medicine, Odds Ratio, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, skin and connective tissue diseases, Promoter Regions, Genetic, General Environmental Science, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Public health, Chemistry, Environmental exposure, Methylation, Middle Aged, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Environmental chemistry, DNA methylation, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Air--Pollution--Health aspects, Population, Breast Neoplasms, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Aged, Odds ratio, Environmental Exposure, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements, Case-Control Studies, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Background Tobacco smoke, diet and indoor/outdoor air pollution, all major sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), have been associated with breast cancer. Aberrant methylation may be an early event in carcinogenesis, but whether PAHs influence the epigenome is unclear, particularly in breast tissue where methylation may be most relevant. We aimed to evaluate the role of methylation in the association between PAHs and breast cancer. Methods In a population-based case-control study, we measured promoter methylation of 13 breast cancer-related genes in breast tumor tissue ( n =765–851 cases) and global methylation in peripheral blood (1055 cases/1101 controls). PAH sources (current active smoking, residential environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), vehicular traffic, synthetic log burning, and grilled/smoked meat intake) were evaluated separately. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results When comparing methylated versus unmethylated genes, synthetic log use was associated with increased ORs for CDH1 (OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.06–4.79), HIN1 (OR=2.14, 95%CI=1.34–3.42) and RAR β (OR=1.80, 95%CI=1.16–2.78) and decreased ORs for BRCA1 (OR=0.44, 95%CI=0.30–0.66). Residential ETS was associated with decreased ORs for ESR1 (OR=0.74, 95%CI=0.56–0.99) and CCND2 methylation (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.44–0.96). Current smoking and vehicular traffic were associated with decreased ORs for DAPK (OR=0.53, 95%CI=0.28–0.99) and increased ORs for TWIST1 methylation (OR=2.79, 95%CI=1.24–6.30), respectively. In controls, synthetic log use was inversely associated with LINE-1 (OR=0.59, 95%CI=0.41–0.86). Discussion PAH sources were associated with hypo- and hypermethylation at multiple promoter regions in breast tumors and LINE-1 hypomethylation in blood of controls. Methylation may be a potential biologic mechanism for the associations between PAHs and breast cancer incidence.

Published
2015

30. Keep A Breast to Host Non Toxic Revolution Campaign

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Arts and entertainment industries
Abstract

Keep A Breast Foundation announced the Non Toxic Revolution campaign, an effort to inform and educate young people about the dangers of toxic chemicals in the environment and food supply [...]

Published
2011

31. Breast Cancer and the Environment : A Life Course Approach

Author

Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Breast Cancer and the Environment: The Scientific Evidence, Research Methodology, and Future Directions, Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Board on Health Care Services, and Committee on Breast Cancer and the Environment: The Scientific Evidence, Research Methodology, and Future Directions

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Pathogenesis, Breast--Cancer--Pathophysiology, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Breast--Cancer--Risk factors, Risk
Abstract

Breast cancer remains the most common invasive cancer among women. The primary patients of breast cancer are adult women who are approaching or have reached menopause; 90 percent of new cases in U.S. women in 2009 were diagnosed at age 45 or older. Growing knowledge of the complexity of breast cancer stimulated a transition in breast cancer research toward elucidating how external factors may influence the etiology of breast cancer. Breast Cancer and the Environment reviews the current evidence on a selection of environmental risk factors for breast cancer, considers gene-environment interactions in breast cancer, and explores evidence-based actions that might reduce the risk of breast cancer. The book also recommends further integrative research into the elements of the biology of breast development and carcinogenesis, including the influence of exposure to a variety of environmental factors during potential windows of susceptibility during the full life course, potential interventions to reduce risk, and better tools for assessing the carcinogenicity of environmental factors. For a limited set of risk factors, evidence suggests that action can be taken in ways that may reduce risk for breast cancer for many women: avoiding unnecessary medical radiation throughout life, avoiding the use of some forms of postmenopausal hormone therapy, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, increasing physical activity, and minimizing weight gain. Breast Cancer and the Environment sets a direction and a focus for future research efforts. The book will be of special interest to medical researchers, patient advocacy groups, and public health professionals.

Published
2012

32. Exposure to fogger trucks and breast cancer incidence in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project: a case–control study

Author

Alfred I. Neugut, Marilie D. Gammon, Alexandra J. White, Steven D. Stellman, Mary S. Wolff, and Susan L. Teitelbaum

Subjects
Oncology, Epidemiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Estrogen receptor, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Organochlorines, Breast, Young adult, Child, Cancer, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Environmental exposure, Middle Aged, Environmental health, Receptors, Estrogen, DDT (Insecticide), Fogger, Female, Receptors, Progesterone, Environmental Monitoring, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, New York, Breast Neoplasms, DDT, Young Adult, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDT), Pesticides, Aged, Breast--Cancer--Risk factors, Gynecology, 1,2,-Dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), business.industry, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, Case-Control Studies, business
Abstract

Background: Few studies have supported an association between breast cancer and DDT, usually assessed with biomarkers that cannot discern timing of exposure, or differentiate between the accumulation of chronic low-dose versus acute high-dose exposures in the past. Previous studies suggest that an association may be evident only among women exposed to DDT during biologically susceptible windows, or among those diagnosed with estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive (ER+PR+) breast cancer subtypes. Self-reported acute exposure to a fogger truck, which sprayed DDT prior to 1972, was hypothesized to increase the risk of breast cancer, particularly among women exposed at a young age or diagnosed with ER+PR+ breast cancer. Methods: We examined these possibilities in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (LIBCSP) (1,508 cases, 1,556 controls), which included exposure assessment by structured questionnaire and serum samples collected between 1996–1998, using adjusted logistic and polytomous regression to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Results: Women with ER+PR+ breast cancer had a 44% increased odds of ever seeing a pre-1972 fogger truck compared to other subtypes (OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.08-1.93). However, there was little variation in the observed increase in breast cancer risk when considering all women who reported seeing a pre-1972 fogger truck at their residence (OR = 1.16; 95% CI 0.98, 1.37), or during hypothesized susceptible windows. Self-reported acute exposure was not correlated with serum concentrations, a biomarker of long-term exposure. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that seeing a fogger truck, a proxy measure for acute DDT exposure, may be associated with ER+PR+ tumors, the most commonly diagnosed breast cancer subtype among American women.

Published
2013

33. Researchers call for better studies on environmental links

Subjects
Environmentally induced diseases -- Development and progression -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Development and progression
Abstract

2003 APR 3 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- A much broader net needs to be cast in the search for environmental links to breast cancer, concludes a new report that [...]

Published
2003

34. Importance of early environmental exposure pinpointed

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects
Abstract

2002 AUG 1 - (NewsRx.com & NewsRx.net) -- Where a woman lives at birth and puberty may have an impact on her risk of developing breast cancer later, findings from [...]

Published
2002

36. No Family History : The Environmental Links to Breast Cancer

Author

Sabrina McCormick and Sabrina McCormick

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Breast Neoplasms--etiology--United States, Environmental Exposure--adverse effects--Unite, Breast Neoplasms--prevention & control--United, Public Policy--United States
Abstract

No Family History presents compelling evidence of environmental links to breast cancer, ranging from everyday cosmetics to industrial waste. Sabrina McCormick weaves the story of one survivor with no family history into a powerful exploration of the big business of breast cancer. As drugs, pink products, and corporate sponsorships generate enormous revenue to find a cure, a growing number of experts argue that we should instead increase focus on prevention—reducing environmental exposures that have contributed to the sharp increase of breast cancer rates. But the dollars continue to pour into the search for a cure, and the companies that profit, including some pharmaceutical and cosmetics companies, may in fact contribute to the environmental causes of breast cancer. No Family History shows how profits drive our public focus on the cure rather than prevention, and suggests new ways to reduce breast cancer rates in the future.

Published
2009

37. From Pink to Green : Disease Prevention and the Environmental Breast Cancer Movement

Author

Barbara L. Ley and Barbara L. Ley

Subjects
Breast--Cancer--Environmental aspects, Breast--Cancer--United States--History--21st century, Breast--Cancer--United States--History--20th century, Environmentalism--United States, Breast--Cancer--Prevention
Abstract

From the early 1980s, the U.S. environmental breast cancer movement has championed the goal of eradicating the disease by emphasizing the importance of reducing—even eliminating exposure to chemicals and toxins. From Pink to Green chronicles the movement's disease prevention philosophy from the beginning. Challenging the broader cultural milieu of pink ribbon symbolism and breast cancer'awareness'campaigns, this movement has grown from a handful of community-based organizations into a national entity, shaping the cultural, political, and public health landscape. Much of the activists'everyday work revolves around describing how the so called'cancer industry'downplays possible environmental links to protect their political and economic interests and they demand that the public play a role in scientific, policy, and public health decision-making to build a new framework of breast cancer prevention. From Pink to Green successfully explores the intersection between breast cancer activism and the environmental health sciences, incorporating public and scientific debates as well as policy implications to public health and environmental agendas.

Published
2009

39. Environmental risk of breast cancer, diverse beliefs and evidence

Subjects
Oncology, Experimental -- Social aspects, Breast cancer -- Risk factors, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Cancer -- Research, Cancer -- Social aspects, Family and marriage, Health, Women's issues/gender studies
Abstract

There is a significant degree of disagreement between various stakeholders about breast cancer causation, and a lack of effective dialogue among them. This paper reports on a project which explored [...]

Published
2008

40. Environmental link needs more research

Subjects
Pollutants -- Health aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Patient outcomes -- Causes of, News, opinion and commentary, American Cancer Society -- Reports
Abstract

Researchers studying the environmental causes of breast cancer need to look at a whole lifetime of toxic exposures -- even in the womb -- that may predispose a woman to [...]

Published
2011

41. Health report raises dispute over Great Lakes pollution

Author

Harris, Gardiner

Subjects
Infants -- Patient outcomes, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Risk factors
Abstract

Top federal health officials said Wednesday that they had asked the Institute of Medicine, the government's premier medical adviser, to referee a dispute over a report suggesting that pollution in […]

Published
2008

42. Pesticides and breast cancer: no link?

Author

Taubes, Gary

Subjects
Observational studies -- Analysis -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects, Pesticide residues -- Health aspects -- Analysis -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Science and technology, Analysis, Environmental aspects, Health aspects
Abstract

It's getting harder and harder to know what to worry about these days. Every week brings another epidemiologic study - and with it, another swing of the anxiety pendulum. Just [...]

Published
1994

43. Screening for cancer

Author

Lowey, Nita M.

Subjects
Company financing, United States. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences -- Finance -- Environmental aspects, Mammography -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects
Abstract

To the Editor: Re 'Study Sets Off Debate Over Mammograms' Value' (front page, Dec. 9): Though screening is an important tool, screening techniques for breast cancer have remained the same […]

Published
2001

44. Male breast cancer?

Author

Rembert, Tracey C.

Subjects
Male breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Men -- Diseases -- Environmental aspects, Environmental issues, Diseases, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Yes, and Environmental Exposure Is Implicated In 1988, John Connole, of Bristol, Connecticut was diagnosed with breast cancer. Less than a year later, after recovering from the shock of her [...]

Published
1997

46. Organochlorines in the environment and breast cancer

Author

Key, Timothy and Reeves, Gillian

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects -- Health aspects, DDT (Insecticide) -- Health aspects -- Environmental aspects, Health, Health aspects, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Women have been worried recently by press accounts of six comparatively small epidemiological studies suggesting that certain organochlorines in the environment might increase the risk of breast cancer.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) The studies [...]

Published
1994

49. 'Drink Responsibly' -- New Athena Sport Bottle Benefits Breast Cancer Cause and Environment; Refillable Bottle Donates 100% of Profits to Women's Cancer Research and Provides Environmentally-Friendly Bottled Water Choice

Subjects
Athena Partners -- Donations -- Environmental aspects, Oncology, Experimental -- Environmental aspects, Bottled water industry -- Environmental aspects, Drinking water, Bottled -- Donations -- Environmental aspects, Cancer -- Research, Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects
Abstract

SEATTLE, WA, Oct 09, 2007 (MARKET WIRE via COMTEX) -- Athena Partners(R), a social enterprise that devotes 100 percent of its profits from Athena(R) bottled water to women's cancer research, […]

Published
2007

50. Breast cancer: the chlorine connection

Author

D'Argo, Joan and Thornton, Joe

Subjects
Breast cancer -- Environmental aspects, Organochlorine compounds -- Health aspects, Environmental issues
Abstract

The number of breast-cancer cases reported in the US between 1980-87 rose by 32%. Women have a one in eight chance of getting breast cancer. Scientific evidence suggests that organochlorines, a group of chemicals made from chlorine, cause breast cancer. DDT, PCBs and dioxin are some of the most notorious organochlorines. Chemicals made with organochlorines should be phased out of production.

Published
1993

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