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Context. Based on the V-shape search method, two families, Athor and Zita, have been identified within the X-complex population of asteroids located in the inner main belt. The Athor family is ~3 Gyr old while the Zita family could be as old as the Solar System. Both families were found to be capable of delivering near-Earth asteroids (NEAs). Moreover, the Athor family was linked to the low-iron enstatite (EL) meteorites. Aims. The aim of our study is to characterise the spin states of the members of the Athor and Zita collisional families and test whether these members have a spin distribution consistent with a common origin from the break up of their respective family parent asteroids. Methods. To perform this test, our method is based on the well-established asteroid family evolution, which indicates that there should be a statistical predominance of retrograde-rotating asteroids on the inward side of family's V-shape, and prograde-rotating asteroids on the outward side of family's V-shape. To implement the method, we used photometric data from our campaign and the literature in order to reveal the spin states, and hence their rotation sense (prograde or retrograde), of the asteroids belonging to these families. We combined dense and sparse-in-time photometric data in order to construct asteroid rotational light curves; we performed the light curve inversion method to estimate the sidereal period and 3D convex shape along with the spin axis orientation in space of several family member asteroids. Results. We obtained 34 new asteroid models for Athor family members and 17 for Zita family members. Along with the literature and revised models, the Athor family contains 60% (72% considering only the family's core) of retrograde asteroids on the inward side and, conversely, 76% (77% considering only the family's core) of prograde asteroids on the outward side. We also found that the Zita family exhibits 80% of retrograde asteroids on the inward side. In addition, the Zita family presents an equal amount of prograde and retrograde rotators (50% each) on the outward side. However, when we applied Kernel density estimation (KDE), we also found a clear peak for prograde asteroids on the outward side, as expected from the theory. Conclusions. The spin states of these asteroids validate the existence of both families, with the Athor family exhibiting a stronger signature for the presence of retrograde-rotating and prograde-rotating asteroids on the inner and outer side of the family, respectively. Our work provides an independent confirmation and characterisation of these very old families, whose presence and characteristics offer constraints for theories and models of the Solar System's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interruptions during nurses' work may lead to errors. Little research has been undertaken to date on interruptions in nursing care in surgical settings, specifically with regard to interruptions where other staff was the source of the interruption., Objectives: To describe the frequency and characteristics of interruptions to nursing work caused by other staff members and to identify predictors according to the source of interruption., Methods: We conducted a multi-centre observational study in five surgical units admitting urgent and elective cases, in public hospitals in northern Italy. Registered nurses (RN) met inclusion criteria if, at the time of the study, they were (a) working full-time at the study hospital, (b) working since at least three years in the surgical unit, and (c) working either during morning or afternoon shifts. A random sample of 50 RNs was observed during morning and afternoon shifts for a total of 360 hours. Data on interruptions (e.g. duration of the interruption), individual nurses' characteristics (e.g. years of clinical experience), and work setting (e.g. hospital size) were collected and subjected to logistic regression analysis., Results: The mean frequency of interruptions either caused by staff members or other sources was respectively 2.7/hour and 2.9/ hour. Interruptions caused by staff members were shorter than those due to other sources (25.6s vs 39.4s; p=<0.001), just over half occurred during the morning shift and most took place either in the corridors (37%) or in nurses' rooms (36%). Having more years of experience in a surgical unit and having a higher number of nurses available during the shift were protective against interruptions whereas being a graduate RN, taking care of a higher number of patients and working in a large hospital increased the risk of being interrupted by staff members., Conclusions: Strategies for multi-professional cooperation which minimise interruptions and protect younger graduate nurses are needed.

This was an observational multicenter study of 50 registered nurses, randomly selected, on 5 surgical wards in 5 Italian hospitals. There were on average 5.6 interruptions per hour. Interruptions occurred more frequently during the afternoon shift (n = 1061; 52.8%), were caused mainly by the staff members (n = 978; 48.7%) during medication administration (n = 1075; 53.5%), and were managed directly by the nurses (n = 1639; 81.6%). The average duration of an interruption was 32.7 seconds (95% confidence interval, 30.7-34.7).

Background: Managing medication interruptions is considered one of the biggest dilemmas for nurses in clinical settings. To improve medication safety, it was imperative to conduct a systematic review to get a deeper understanding of nurses' experiences with medication interruptions., Aims: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis aimed to explore clinical nurses' experiences of interruption during medication in hospitals., Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library from inception to January 2024. The search strategy included four groups of keywords: (1) qualitative research, (2) nurses, (3) medication interruption, and (4) experience. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used to assess the quality of the studies. Meta-ethnography was utilized to synthesize the findings of the included studies., Results: Nine articles published between 2012 and 2023 were included; the number of participants varied from 5 to 40, aged 20-68 years, and the majority were female. Four synthesized findings were identified as follows: (1) an inevitable part of the routine, (2) a decision-making process, (3) working in a minefield, and (4) coping with interruption., Linking Evidence to Action: Nurses embraced interruptions as an inherent component of clinical care. Previous experience and nursing culture, encompassing personal and professional aspects, significantly influence nurses' attitudes toward medication interruptions. It is crucial to incorporate the distinctive work experiences of nurses into techniques aimed at efficiently handling interruptions in future research. The registration number in PROSPERO is CRD42023470276., (© 2024 Sigma Theta Tau International.)

Purpose of review: We aim to summarize the current state of art about 3D applications in urology focusing on kidney surgeries. In addition we aim to provide a snapshot about future perspective of intraoperative applications of augmented reality (AR). Recent findings: A variety of applications in different fields have been proposed. Many applications concern current realities and 3D reconstruction, while some others are about future perspective. The majority of recent studies have focused their attention on preoperative surgical planning, patient education, surgical training, and AR. Summary: The disposability of 3D models in healthcare scenarios might improve surgical outcomes, learning curves of novice surgeons and residents, as well as patients' understanding and compliance, allowing a more shared surgical decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Surgical simulation and 3D printing have both been gaining traction exclusively over the past decade, and now have started to appear simultaneously in current research. The opinion that surgical simulation should be part of surgery curricula is becoming ever more apparent. In this review, we highlight and briefly examine the 3D printing workflow, and each facet of the current body of literature using this technology in the augmentation of surgical training, in addition to the challenges currently faced. Methods: A broad literature search was conducted pertaining to the utilisation of 3D printing in urology, aiming to sample the majority of use-cases of this fairly novel technology. The 3D printing workflow, current use-cases of 3D printing as applied to urological training, and challenges faced have been described. Results: A respectable number of surgical use-cases utilising 3D printing technology in their development were identified, including but not limited to percutaneous nephrolithotomy, partial nephrectomy, renal transplantation, laparoscopic pyeloplasty, prostate brachytherapy, transurethral resection of bladder tumours, urethrovesical anastomosis simulation devices, in addition to laparoscopic trainers and robotic surgery phantoms. Conclusion: Over the last decade, urology has taken this cutting-edge technology in its stride; flaunting its efficacy in the augmentation of a number of procedural training applications. The number of use cases for this technology is only expected to rise as its virtues are demonstrated, the ease of use and availability of 3D printing units advances, and costs abated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore how nurses in hospitals enact person‐centred fundamental care delivery. Background: Effective person‐centred care is at the heart of fundamental nursing care, but it is deemed to be challenging in acute health care as there is a strong biomedical focus and most nurses are not trained in person‐centred fundamental care delivery. We therefore need to know if and how nurses currently incorporate a person‐centred approach during fundamental care. Design: Focused ethnography approach. Methods: Observations of 30 nurses on three different wards in two Dutch hospitals during their morning shift. Data were collected through passive observations and analysed using framework analysis based on the fundamentals of care framework. The COREQ guideline was used for reporting. Results: Some nurses successfully integrate physical, psychosocial and relational elements of care in patient interactions. However, most nurses were observed to be mainly focused on physical care and did not take the time at their patients' bedside to care for their psychosocial and relational needs. Many had a task‐focused way of working and communicating, seldom incorporating patients' needs and experiences or discussing care planning, and often disturbing each other. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that although some nurses manage to do so, person‐centred fundamental care delivery remains a challenge in hospitals, as most nurses have a task‐focused approach and therefore do not manage to integrate the physical, relational and physical elements of care. For further improvement, attention needs to be paid to integrated fundamental care and clinical reasoning skills. Relevance to clinical practice: Although most nurses have a compassionate approach, this study shows that nurses do not incorporate psychosocial care or encourage patient participation when helping patients with their physical fundamental care needs, even though there seems to be sufficient opportunity for them to do so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate nurses' experiences with implementation of knowledge gained through an obligatory medication management programme (MMP). Background: Lack of knowledge among nurses is an important contributor to medication management errors. Therefore, training programmes such as the MMP were established to help nurses acquire and refine their practice skills. Method: This was a qualitative study using semistructured interviews and thematically analysed data. Results: The nurses felt that medication management was a major responsibility, but following the MMP, they experienced a greater awareness of their own knowledge and became more confident. Time pressures and poorly established procedures and organisational planning were experienced as barriers to ensuring sound medication management practice and made it difficult to implement the knowledge gained from the MMP. Conclusion: Nurses reported that the MMP gave them greater awareness of their knowledge and new knowledge. They also stated that management choices were significantly affected by organisational factors, stress and their own lack of confidence. Implications for Nursing Management: Ensuring a secure knowledge base, positive working environment and nursing staffing that matches the workload will further improve nurses' professional skills and knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nursing UFPE / Revista de Enfermagem UFPE is the property of Revista de Enfermagem UFPE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims and objectives: To gain knowledge on how nurses’ cope with interruptions in clinical practice. Background: Interruptions may delay work routines and result in wasted time, disorganised planning and ineffective working procedures, affecting nurses’ focus and overview in different ways. Research has identified a growing problem linking errors or adverse events with interruptions. It may affect patient safety if nurses are not paying attention to interruptions. Little is known about how nurses cope with interruptions Design: The study was inspired by ethnographic fieldwork with a hermeneutical phenomenological approach. Methods: Observations were performed combined with semi‐structured qualitative interviews. Results: Managing interruptions depend on level of competence, working environment, dialogue and matching of expectations, collegial roles and implicit rules. Working procedures impact on how nurses are exposed to unnecessary interruptions. The latter affects overview and the ability to put the foot down and decline being interrupted. Professional competencies for example prioritising, keeping focus and collaborating across disciplines are needed to cope with interruptions. Conclusion: Culture work and matching of expectations are important to reflect on and discuss personal‐ and group behaviour caused by interruptions. We need to focus on the role of each nurse in the professional team, types of personality and unspoken rules. Professional competencies for example prioritising, keeping focus and cooperating across disciplines are needed to cope with interruptions. Relevance to clinical practice: Coping with interruptions is important for the nursing profession, quality of care and patient safety. Changing practice requires multidisciplinary cooperation accepting different agendas at personal, group and organisational levels. Nurses must understand the meaning and nature of different types of interruptions to develop coping strategies and maintain quality in care and patient safety in multidisciplinary teamwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Objectives: The restriction of resident hours with an increasing focus on patient safety and a reduced caseload has impacted surgical training. A complex and complication prone procedure such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with a steep learning curve may create an unsafe environment for hands-on resident training. In this study, we validate a high fidelity, inanimate PCNL model within a full-immersion simulation environment. Methods: Anatomically correct models of the human pelvicaliceal system, kidney, and relevant adjacent structures were created using polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels and three-dimensional-printed injection molds. All steps of a PCNL were simulated including percutaneous renal access, nephroscopy, and lithotripsy. Five experts (>100 caseload) and 10 novices (<20 caseload) from both urology (full procedure) and interventional radiology (access only) departments completed the simulation. Face and content validity were calculated using model ratings for similarity to the real procedure and usefulness as a training tool. Differences in performance among groups with various levels of experience using clinically relevant procedural metrics were used to calculate construct validity. Results: The model was determined to have an excellent face and content validity with an average score of 4.5/5.0 and 4.6/5.0, respectively. There were significant differences between novice and expert operative metrics including mean fluoroscopy time, the number of percutaneous access attempts, and number of times the needle was repositioned. Experts achieved better stone clearance with fewer procedural complications. Conclusions: We demonstrated the face, content, and construct validity of an inanimate, full task trainer for PCNL. Construct validity between experts and novices was demonstrated using incorporated procedural metrics, which permitted the accurate assessment of performance. While hands-on training under supervision remains an integral part of any residency, this full-immersion simulation provides a comprehensive tool for surgical skills development and evaluation before hands-on exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the frequency of celiac-associated humoral autoimmunity in patients with long-standing childhood- and adult-onset type 1 diabetes (LDM1) and whether it occurs more frequently as the disease progresses. IgA-/IgG-anti-tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG and IgG-tTG) and IgA-/IgG-deamidated gliadin (DGP) antibodies were analyzed in 277 LDM1 sera (120 females; disease duration 19.3 ± 12.3 years, range 5.0-54.0 years). Of the 277 patients, 147 were childhood-onset LDM1 (LDM1) and 130 adult-onset LDM1 (LDM1); 6.1 % LDM1 sera were tTG- and/or DGP-antibody-positive, with a lower frequency among LDM1 as compared with LDM1 patients (3.4 vs 9.2 %, p = 0.048). Celiac-associated immunoreactivity was significantly more frequent in LDM1 with >15 years of disease duration (9.4 vs 2.9 % in those with ≤15 years, p = 0.042) and among them in LDM1 (14.7 vs 4.2 % LDM1, p = 0.043). Celiac disease humoral immunoreactivity should be screened not only at diabetes onset, but also in long-standing patients, especially adults with disease duration >15 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The table of contents for the 2008 issue of "Clinical Chemistry & Laboratory" is presented.

A subject index for the 2008 issue of the "Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine" is presented.

Background Serum radioimmunoassay (RIA) tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTG-Abs) proved to be a sensitive test also during coeliac disease (CD) follow-up. We demonstrated that RIA tTG-Abs could be detected in human saliva. Aim To evaluate salivary RIA tTG-Abs in coeliac children on gluten-free diet (GFD). Methods Saliva and serum samples from 109 coeliac children were evaluated at diagnosis (group 1: 71 females, median age 9.4 years) and 58 of them on GFD: 36 after 3–6 months (group 2a), 34 at 9 months or more (group 2b). Two gender- and age-matched control groups: 89 gastroenterological patients (group 3) and 49 healthy subjects (group 4) participated in the study. Saliva and serum tTG-Abs were detected by RIA and compared with serum tTG-Abs ELISA and IgA anti-endomysium antibodies (EMA). Results Salivary RIA tTG-Abs were found in 94.5%, 66.7% and 50.0% of groups 1, 2a and 2b CD patients and in 98.2%, 72.2% and 50.0% of corresponding serum samples, respectively. tTG-Abs decreased with GFD progression and a correlation was found between saliva and serum titres ( r = 0.75, P = 0.0001). During the CD follow-up, salivary and serum RIA sensitivities were comparable, and higher with respect to EMA and ELISA. Conclusions This study demonstrates that it is possible to detect salivary tTG-Abs with high sensitivity not only at CD diagnosis, but also during GFD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abnormalities of gut endocrine responses, as well as changes in the number of different endocrine cell types, have been reported convincingly in coeliac patients. Nevertheless, no estimation of total numbers of gut endocrine cells has yet been made in well defined groups of coeliacs. In this study, we have visualised all endocrine cell types in jejunal biopsies from coeliac patients with active and quiescent disease as well as in controls, using a monoclonal antibody to chromogranin. This protein was purified originally from bovine adrenal medulla and is known to be a reliable marker for all endocrine cells of the gut. The following groups were considered: (a) nine coeliacs with active illness, (b) 10 coeliacs under gluten-free diet, (c) eight coeliacs receiving gluten challenge, (d) five non-coeliacs (controls). Histological (haematoxylin and eosin) and immunocytochemical (peroxidase anti-peroxidase) stains were applied to 3 micron paraffin sections. Quantitative estimation of endocrine cell density was made using four different methods in order to evaluate the results fully (number of cells/mm2, number of cells/visual field, number of cells/8 crypts-villi, number of cells/unit of length of muscularis mucosae). In patient groups (a) and (c), coeliacs with active disease and coeliacs on gluten challenge diet respectively, a significantly higher number of endocrine cells was observed in comparison with normal controls (group d). In group (b) patients, coeliacs on gluten-free diet, no significant changes in the number of endocrine cells were observed in comparison with controls. Our results show that a significant increase in endocrine cell density exists in coeliacs with active illness (groups a and c), in comparison with controls. This condition is resolved in coeliacs receiving a gluten-free diet (group b). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]