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Copyright of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences / İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

üteratürde evli kadmlann is hayatwda yasadiklan zortuklara iliskin cok sayida cahsma mevcuttur. Ancak bekár kadmlann cahsma yasamlannm perde arkasmda evli ve cocuklu hemcinslerine yapilan aynmahk neticesinde yasadiklan sorunlar gbzardi edildiginden arastirmanm sorunsah bu minvalde belirlenmistir. Bu baglamda arastirmanm nitel arastirma yóntemlerinden yüzyüze górüsme teknigi He yapilmasma karar verilmis ve 40 bekár calisan kadmla górüsmeler gerceklestiritmistir. Órnekleme yóntemi amaqsal órnekleme dáhilinde yer alan 'blcüt (kriter) órnekleme' olarak belirlenmistir. Bu baglamda ólqütler; a) bekár olmak b) cocuk sahibi olmamak c) bir kurumda cahsiyor olmak d) aktif calisma hayatinin en az 1 yil olmasi seklinde olusturulmustur. Arasttrmaya katilan kadmlann yaslan 25 He 48 arasmda degismektedir. Katitimalar hemsire, veteriner, muhendis, gazeteci, magazaa, güvenlik, polis, bankaa, ógretmen gibi farkh meslek gruplanndan secilmistir. Soz konusu katihmalardan elde edilen veriler 'betimsel analiz'e tabi tutulmustur. Arastirma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular; bekár kadmlann cahsma hayattarmdaki yogunluktan dolayi is yasam dengelerinin olmadigi ve bzellikle kadmlara uygulanan pozitif aynmaligm hemcinsler arasmda esit dagitilmadigi yónündedir. Nitekim bireysel olarak bekár kadmlann, evli ve cocuklu hemcinsleriyle yaptiklan karsilastirmada cahsma kosullannm agirlastigmi düsündükteri; evli ve cocuklu cahsanlann eslerini ve cocuklarmi bahane ederek kendilerine firsat yarattiklanna iliskin algmm bekár kadmlar arasmda hakim oldugu górülmüstür. Bekár cahsanlar, evlileñn kendilerine ait is yasamlannda sorumluluklannm yükünü almadiklanni, yóneticilerin de bu duruma uyduklanm sonuc olarak kendilerinin magdur edildigini düsünm ektedirler. Anahtar Kelimeler: bekár kadmlar, is-yasam dengesi, pozitif aynmahk There are many studies in the literature regarding the difficulties experienced by married women in business life. However, there is a dearth of studies exploring the difficulties experienced by unmarried working women and the discrimination faced by them as compared to their married counterparts In this context, this research using face-toface interviews with 40 single working women explores the perceptions of unmarried working women on the discrimination they faced at the work place when they compared themselves with their married colleagues. The ages of the women involved in the study ranged from 25 to 48. Participants were selected from different professional groups such as nurses, veterinarians, engineers, journalists, storekeepers, security, police, bankers and teachers. The results of the research show that single women do not have work-life balances due to the intensity of their working lives and that positive discrimination, especially applied to women, is not distributed equally among the same gender. Also the comparison between married and the single women showed that the burden of the single women aggravated since the married women create opportunities for themselves by using their spouses and children as an excuse. Single employees believe that married women do not take responsibilities of their own work life and managers also comply with this. As a result they think they are victimized. Keywords: single women, work life balance, positive discrimination, Gin's Son zamanlarda genis kapsamli degisiklikler nedeniyle turn dünyada kadinlann ise ahnmasini tesvik eden kadinlara yonelik istihdam olanaklan artmistir. Sonuc olarak, bu kadin calisanlann ev ve isle ilgili sorunlan dengelemede [...]

Türkçenin Ses Dizgesi sesbilim ve sesbilgisinin temel konularını ele alan ve genel olarak sese giriş niteliğinde bir kitap olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu alanda Türkçe yazılmış kitapların sayısının oldukça az olması nedeniyle Türkçenin Ses Dizgesi önemli bir açık kapatmakta olup Dilbilim ve Türkçe bölüm öğrencileri için bir kaynak kitabı olma özelliğine sahiptir.

Copyright of Kadın/Woman 2000 is the property of Kadin/Woman 2000 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To employ educational games in education as intended, it is required to show students' cognitive structures for this concept. As a result, the purpose of this research was to reveal the cognitive structures of secondary school students regarding educational games. The research was a survey-based descriptive study. A total of 340 secondary school students were included for this research, which included fifth graders (n = 80), sixth graders (n = 95), seventh graders (n = 69), and eighth graders (n = 96). Simple random sampling was used to choose the participants. Data were gathered using the Word Association Test and a drawing test. Six categories are used to organize the students' responses to the educational game's concept. "Individual gains," "lessons," "sports," "lesson tools/applications," "games," and "features of games" were all of these. Four categories were used to categorize the drawings made by the students to represent the concept of educational games: "physical ability games," "intelligent and strategy games," "puzzle," and "mixed games." As a result of this research, it is possible to conclude that students' cognitive structures for the concept of educational games include games played in classes, and educational games highlight the game aspect more. Besides that, there was little vocabulary diversity in their cognitive structures for the educational dimension. To enhance students' cognitive structures toward educational games, focus should be given to the instructional feature of educational games in research to be undertaken in the relevant field.

This embedded design mixed-method study aimed to evaluate the teaching materials developed by primary school teacher candidates using Web 2.0 tools in line with their learning styles. The participants comprised 60 primary school teacher candidates identified via purposive sampling. The data were collected with the Maggie McVay Lynch Learning Style Inventory and the Digital Teaching Material Development Self-Efficacy Scale, and from the products of the primary school teacher candidates. Inventory data were subjected to descriptive statistics, the product data were subjected to descriptive analysis and the scale data were subjected to the paired sample t-test of inferential statistics techniques. The results indicated that the majority of the primary school teacher candidates had visual learning styles and used Kahoot and LearningApps Web 2.0 tools for measurement-evaluation and Canva and Emaze for presentation purposes. In addition, the material development process according to learning styles significantly increased the participants' self-efficacy in developing digital teaching materials. Based on these results, it was suggested to determine the learning styles of teacher candidates to develop teaching materials accordingly.

Alcohol is a psychoactive substance that has addictive properties and affects health and nutrition. This study was conducted to evaluate the food preferences and food addictions of young adults according to their alcohol consumption status. In this study, sociodemographic characteristics, food addiction, alcohol, and food consumption frequency were assessed. Young adults were divided into 3 groups as non-consumers, 0–1 unit/day, and ≥1 unit/day alcohol consumers. The rate of smoking in participants who did not consume alcohol was lower than those who consumed 0–1 unit and ≥1 unit of alcohol (p < .001). The rate of physical activity in participants who consumed alcohol was higher than those who did not consume (p =.009). The mean body mass index of those who consumed ≥1 unit of alcohol was found to be higher than the other groups (p = .02). Daily average consumption of sunflower and pumpkin seeds, pastry products, popcorn, salty snacks, carbonated drinks, coffee, and energy drinks is positively correlated with the amount of alcohol consumption, while vegetables and fresh fruits are negatively correlated (p < .05). No statistically significant difference was found between the food addiction status of participants according to alcohol consumption. In conclusion, this study shows that alcohol consumption in young adults changes lifestyle habits as well as food preferences. It is very important to increase food and nutrition awareness in order to encourage healthy eating habits in participants who consume alcohol.

Introduction: PFAPA syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease seen in childhood characterized by recurrent fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis. This study aims to examine the clinical and laboratory features of PFAPA syndrome, assess responses to treatment, and particularly evaluate the disease from an immunological perspective. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients presenting to the Pediatric Immunology and Allergy outpatient clinic and meeting the diagnostic criteria for PFAPA were evaluated. Demographic information, symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory results, and responses to treatment were meticulously recorded. Results: Our study included a total of 49 patients, comprising 30 males and 19 females, with a mean age at diagnosis of 3.5 years. Notable findings in immunological assessments included neutrophilia, leukocytosis, and in a few cases, lymphopenia, as well as changes in CD3 and CD19 subsets that highlighted the immunological aspect of the disease, indicating significant alterations in the adaptive immune system. Prednisolone treatment resulted in a response rate of 92.5%, with most patients showing a rapid improvement. Eighty-one point eight percent of patients receiving colchicine prophylaxis reported a decrease in symptoms. The symptoms in 13.5% of patients who underwent tonsillectomy either significantly decreased or completely resolved. Conclusion: Management of PFAPA syndrome varies in terms of immunological findings and response rates to treatment. Our study elucidates the effectiveness of prednisolone treatment, the benefits of colchicine prophylaxis, and the improvement in symptoms following tonsillectomy. Furthermore, it underscores the necessity of considering immunological factors in the diagnosis and treatment processes of PFAPA syndrome.

Empowering students to actively shape their learning is essential. Various student involvement models, such as design-based research, participatory design, and co-creation, emphasise students' growing role in shaping educational activities. Engaging students in course design, as seen in student co-creation, can enhance agency, improve the student experience, and boost outcomes. Considering this, we propose a systematic approach combining multi-criteria decision-making with constructive alignment theory to involve students as co-creators in course design. This approach aims to engage students in the course design process and co-create intended learning outcomes, which can be regarded as the primary participatory phase in developing a co-created course. By involving students, our approach aims to gain insight into their needs, prioritise their views, and guide the formulation of appropriate course specifications throughout the course design process. The approach is applied to a new multi-disciplinary engineering course, and the results are summarised following its corresponding steps. Students' feedback indicates that the approach positively influenced their motivation, engagement with course objectives, collaboration with teachers, and overall achievement of intended learning outcomes. This study's significance lies in its contribution to higher education, offering a more integrated and systematic approach to support co-creation between educators and learners in academic course design.

Total resection of glioblastoma (GB) tumors is nearly impossible, and systemic administration of temozolomide (TMZ) is often inadequate. This study presents a hybrid layered composite nanofiber network (LHN) designed for localized treatment in GB tumor bed. The LHN, consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and core-shell polylactic acid layers, was loaded with TMZ and rutin. In vitro analysis revealed that LHNTMZ and LHNrutin decelerated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and growth of stem-like cells, while the combination, LHNTMZ+rutin, significantly reduced sphere size compared to untreated and LHNTMZ-treated cells (P < 0.0001). In an orthotopic C6-induced GB rat model, LHNTMZ+rutin therapy demonstrated a more pronounced tumor-reducing effect than LHNTMZ alone. Tumor volume, assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, was significantly reduced in LHNTMZ+rutin-treated rats compared to untreated controls. Structural changes in tumor mitochondria, reduced membrane potential, and decreased PARP expression indicated the activation of apoptotic pathways in tumor cells, which was further confirmed by a reduction in PHH3, indicating decreased mitotic activity of tumor cells. Additionally, the local application of LHNs in the GB model mitigated aggressive tumor features without causing local tissue inflammation or adverse systemic effects. This was evidenced by a decrease in the angiogenesis marker CD31, the absence of inflammation or necrosis in H&E staining of the cerebellum, increased production of IFN-γ, decreased levels of interleukin-4 in splenic T cells, and lower serum AST levels. Our findings collectively indicate that LHNTMZ+rutin is a promising biocompatible model for the local treatment of GB.

The most important basic need in today's cities is water. Population growth in cities, climate change, and decreasing access to water resources make the issue of sustainable city and water relationship more important. In addition to the industry being the sector that consumes the most water, water use is also high in domestic use, agriculture, commercial, and tourism areas. Settlements at risk of water scarcity must take precautions to avoid becoming a waterless settlement in the future. To protect the delicate balance of nature, sustainability in urban areas should be ensured. Environmental pollution should be analyzed and suggestions should be presented for the solution to this pollution. Based on the concepts of sustainable city and urban water cycle, it also mentions how the city and water are and should be in a relationship. It contains concepts that will better express the relations of basic concepts with each other and complement the context. Sustainable use of water also contributes to the protection of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Water resources management for sustainable cities plays an important role in achieving the goal of creating an environmentally friendly, healthy, and safe living space.

Resumo Fundamento A Terapia Antiplaquetária Dupla (DAPT, do inglês dual antiplatelet therapy) é o tratamento de escolha para pacientes com síndromes coronarianas agudas e crônicas, uma vez que ela reduz mortalidade e previne complicações trombóticas recorrentes. A avaliação da carga isquêmica e do risco de sangramento é crucial na escolha da DAPT e de sua duração. Objetivos O objetivo de nosso estudo foi conduzir um acompanhamento clínico prospectivo de pacientes recebendo terapia combinada (AAS 75mg + clopidogrel 75 mg). Nosso estudo é um estudo multicêntrico, transversal, observacional, do tipo coorte. Métodos Foram incluídos 1500 pacientes que iniciaram DAPT combinada para o tratamento de síndrome coronariana aguda ou síndrome coronariana crônica. Os desfechos primários foram internação hospitalar por qualquer motivo, internação por causa cardiovascular, infarto agudo do miocárdio, trombose de stent, revascularização de vaso alvo e sangramento; os desfechos secundários foram morte por qualquer razão ou por causa cardiovascular e acidente vascular cerebral. O nível de significância adotado na análise estatística foi 5%. Resultados A idade mediana foi 63 anos; 78,5% dos pacientes estavam recebendo DAPT por síndrome coronariana aguda. As taxas de internação por causas cardiovasculares, de infarto agudo do miocárdio, de trombose de stent e de revascularização de vaso alvo foram 7,9%, 2,3%, 1,3% e 4,2%, respectivamente. Enquanto a taxa de sangramento segundo a escala BARC tipo 1 foi de 3,3%, a taxa de sangramento BARC tipo 5, 3, ou 2 foi 0,6%. As taxas dos desfechos secundários morte por qualquer razão, morte por causa cardiovascular e acidente vascular cerebral foram 0,5%, 0,3% e 0,3%, respectivamente. Conclusão Nosso estudo mostrou que a DAPT em regime combinado de doses fixas de AAS e clopidogrel é eficaz e seguro em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda ou crônica adequadamente selecionados.