Search

Your search keyword '"Baylis, Matthew"' showing total 597 results
Start Over "Baylis, Matthew"

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »

more »
597 results on '"Baylis, Matthew"'

2. Scientists’ call to action: Microbes, planetary health, and the Sustainable Development Goals

Author

Crowther, Thomas W., Rappuoli, Rino, Corinaldesi, Cinzia, Danovaro, Roberto, Donohue, Timothy J., Huisman, Jef, Stein, Lisa Y., Timmis, James Kenneth, Timmis, Kenneth, Anderson, Matthew Z., Bakken, Lars R., Baylis, Matthew, Behrenfeld, Michael J., Boyd, Philip W., Brettell, Ian, Cavicchioli, Ricardo, Delavaux, Camille S., Foreman, Christine M., Jansson, Janet K., Koskella, Britt, Milligan-McClellan, Kat, North, Justin A., Peterson, Devin, Pizza, Mariagrazia, Ramos, Juan L., Reay, David, Remais, Justin V., Rich, Virginia I., Ripple, William J., Singh, Brajesh K., Smith, Gabriel Reuben, Stewart, Frank J., Sullivan, Matthew B., van den Hoogen, Johan, van Oppen, Madeleine J.H., Webster, Nicole S., Zohner, Constantin M., and van Galen, Laura G.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change

Author

Cavicchioli, Ricardo, Ripple, William J, Timmis, Kenneth N, Azam, Farooq, Bakken, Lars R, Baylis, Matthew, Behrenfeld, Michael J, Boetius, Antje, Boyd, Philip W, Classen, Aimée T, Crowther, Thomas W, Danovaro, Roberto, Foreman, Christine M, Huisman, Jef, Hutchins, David A, Jansson, Janet K, Karl, David M, Koskella, Britt, Mark Welch, David B, Martiny, Jennifer BH, Moran, Mary Ann, Orphan, Victoria J, Reay, David S, Remais, Justin V, Rich, Virginia I, Singh, Brajesh K, Stein, Lisa Y, Stewart, Frank J, Sullivan, Matthew B, van Oppen, Madeleine JH, Weaver, Scott C, Webb, Eric A, and Webster, Nicole S

Subjects
Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Climate Action, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Greenhouse Gases, Human Activities, Humans, Microbial Viability, Medical Microbiology
Abstract

In the Anthropocene, in which we now live, climate change is impacting most life on Earth. Microorganisms support the existence of all higher trophic life forms. To understand how humans and other life forms on Earth (including those we are yet to discover) can withstand anthropogenic climate change, it is vital to incorporate knowledge of the microbial 'unseen majority'. We must learn not just how microorganisms affect climate change (including production and consumption of greenhouse gases) but also how they will be affected by climate change and other human activities. This Consensus Statement documents the central role and global importance of microorganisms in climate change biology. It also puts humanity on notice that the impact of climate change will depend heavily on responses of microorganisms, which are essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future.

Published
2019

13. Features that matter: Evolutionary signatures can predict viral transmission routes.

Author

Wardeh, Maya, Pilgrim, Jack, Hui, Melody, Kotsiri, Aurelia, Baylis, Matthew, and Blagrove, Marcus S. C.

Subjects
EMERGING infectious diseases, VIRUS diseases, VETERINARY epidemiology, VIRAL ecology, INFECTIOUS disease transmission, VIRAL transmission
Abstract

Routes of virus transmission between hosts are key to understanding viral epidemiology. Different routes have large effects on viral ecology, and likelihood and rate of transmission; for example, respiratory and vector-borne viruses together encompass the majority of rapid outbreaks and high-consequence animal and plant epidemics. However, determining the specific transmission route(s) can take months to years, delaying mitigation efforts. Here, we identify the vial features and evolutionary signatures which are predictive of viral transmission routes and use them to predict potential routes for fully-sequenced viruses in silico and rapidly, for both viruses with no observed routes, as well as viruses with missing routes. This was achieved by compiling a dataset of 24,953 virus-host associations with 81 defined transmission routes, constructing a hierarchy of virus transmission encompassing those routes and 42 higher-order modes, and engineering 446 predictive features from three complementary perspectives. We integrated those data and features to train 98 independent ensembles of LightGBM classifiers. We found that all features contributed to the prediction for at least one of the routes and/or modes of transmission, demonstrating the utility of our broad multi-perspective approach. Our framework achieved ROC-AUC = 0.991, and F1-score = 0.855 across all included transmission routes and modes, and was able to achieve high levels of predictive performance for high-consequence respiratory (ROC-AUC = 0.990, and F1-score = 0.864) and vector-borne transmission (ROC-AUC = 0.997, and F1-score = 0.921). Our framework ranks the viral features in order of their contribution to prediction, per transmission route, and hence identifies the genomic evolutionary signatures associated with each route. Together with the more matured field of viral host-range prediction, our predictive framework could: provide early insights into the potential for, and pattern of viral spread; facilitate rapid response with appropriate measures; and significantly triage the time-consuming investigations to confirm the likely routes of transmission. Author summary: Routes of virus transmission–the mechanism(s) by which a virus physically gets from an infected to an uninfected host, are crucial to understanding how viral diseases spread among animals and plants. Here, we uncover the evolutionary signatures which can predict the transmission routes a virus uses to move from one host to another, enabling us to identify any unobserved routes for known viruses and even predict potential routes of newly emerged viruses. We first compile a comprehensive dataset of virus-host associations. Using this dataset, we employ a multi-perspective machine learning approach to achieve high predictive performance. Our framework ranks viral features by their significance in prediction, revealing genomic evolutionary signatures linked to each route. Our approach could provide early insights into viral spread patterns, facilitating prompt response efforts to new outbreaks and epidemics, and streamline laboratory investigations. Overall, our study represents a step forward in our ability to anticipate and mitigate the impact of emerging infectious diseases on human, animal, and plant health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Field-based assessments of the seasonality of Culex pipiens sensu lato in England: an important enzootic vector of Usutu and West Nile viruses

Author

Seechurn, Nicola, primary, Herdman, M. Trent, additional, Hernandez-Colina, Arturo, additional, Vaux, Alexander G. C., additional, Johnston, Colin, additional, Berrell, Morgan, additional, Lopez, Javier, additional, Eckley, Lindsay, additional, Gonzalez-Olvera, Merit, additional, Gillespie, Lisa, additional, Kelly, Paul Pearce, additional, Baylis, Matthew, additional, and Medlock, Jolyon M., additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Goat Seropositivity as an Indicator of Rift Valley Fever (Rvf) Infection in Human Populations: A Case-Control Study of the 2018 Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Wajir County, Kenya

Author

Omani, Ruth, primary, Cavalerie, Lisa, additional, Daud, Abukar, additional, Cook, Annie, additional, Nakadio, Erenius, additional, Fèvre, Eric M., additional, Gitao, George, additional, Robinson, Jude, additional, Nanyingi, Mark, additional, Baylis, Matthew, additional, Kimeli, Peter, additional, and Onono, Joshua, additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Emergence or improved detection of Japanese encephalitis virus in the Himalayan highlands?

Author

Baylis, Matthew, Barker, Christopher M, Caminade, Cyril, Joshi, Bhoj R, Pant, Ganesh R, Rayamajhi, Ajit, Reisen, William K, and Impoinvil, Daniel E

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Encephalitis Virus, Japanese, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Encephalitis, Japanese, Population Surveillance, Incidence, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Altitude, Disease Reservoirs, Nepal, Tibet, Global Warming, Phylogeography, Mosquito Vectors, Climate change, Emergence, JEV, Japanese encephalitis, Mosquito, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Encephalitis Virus, Japanese, Encephalitis, Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Tropical Medicine
Abstract

The emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in the Himalayan highlands is of significant veterinary and public health concern and may be related to climate warming and anthropogenic landscape change, or simply improved surveillance. To investigate this phenomenon, a One Health approach focusing on the phylogeography of JEV, the distribution and abundance of the mosquito vectors, and seroprevalence in humans and animal reservoirs would be useful to understand the epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis in highland areas.

Published
2016

24. Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus, United Kingdom

Author

Holding, Maya, Dowall, Stuart D., Medlock, Jolyon M., Carter, Daniel P., Pullan, Steven T., Lewis, James, Vipond, Richard, Rocchi, Mara S., Baylis, Matthew, and Hewson, Roger

Subjects
Tick-borne encephalitis, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Transcription (Genetics), RNA, Time, Beef cattle, Encephalitis, Polymerase chain reaction, Intelligence gathering, Tick-borne diseases, Public health, Public health movements, Health, European Union
Abstract

The only tickborne flavivirus in the United Kingdom documented to cause disease in vertebrates is louping ill virus (LIV), a virus transmitted by the deer/sheep tick, Ixodes ricinus (1). This [...]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Prioritization of livestock diseases by pastoralists in Oloitoktok Sub County, Kajiado County, Kenya

Author

Mburu, Caroline M., Bukachi, Salome, Majiwa, Hamilton, Ongore, Dismas, Baylis, Matthew, Mochabo, Kennedy, Fevre, Eric, Howland, Olivia, and University of St Andrews. Social Anthropology

Subjects
MCC, QR180, QR180 Immunology
Abstract

Funding: This study was funded by the One Health HORN project which was funded by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI). Introduction Livestock diseases are a big challenge for the livelihood of pastoralists in sub-Saharan Africa because they reduce livestock productivity and increase mortality. Based on the literature available there is limited understanding on how pastoralists prioritize these diseases in the context of their culture, ecosystems and livelihoods. A study was conducted to provide insights on lay prioritization of animal diseases by pastoralists in Kenya. Methodology A qualitative study was undertaken between March and July 2021. Thirty in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with community members to explore community attitudes on livestock diseases prioritization. Male and female livestock keepers were purposively selected and interviewed and they were all long-term residents of the area. Fourteen key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted with professionals from different key sectors to provide detailed stakeholder perspectives on livestock diseases. The interviews were analyzed thematically using the QSR Nvivo software to identify the emerging themes related to the study objectives. Results The pastoralists prioritized livestock diseases based on effect on their economic wellbeing, cultural values and utilization of ecosystem services. There were gender variabilities in how diseases were prioritized among the pastoralists. Men cited high priority diseases as foot and mouth disease and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia due to their regular occurrence and effect on livelihood. Notably, women regarded coenuruses as very important because it affected sheep and goats with a high mortality rate and lumpy skin disease because it rendered the meat from the carcasses inedible. Malignant catarrhal fever and trypanosomiasis were noted as some of the common diseases in the livestock-wildlife interface but not cited as priority diseases. Challenges related to disease control in pastoralist contexts exist including limited access to livestock treatment services, inadequate information on disease impact and complex environmental factors. Conclusion This study sheds light on the body of knowledge in Kenya regarding livestock diseases and their prioritization by livestock keepers. This could aid in the development of a common disease control framework and prioritization at the local level which would take into consideration the dynamic socio-cultural, ecological, livelihood and economic contexts of the communities. Publisher PDF

Published
2023

42. Japanese Encephalitis: On the One Health Agenda

Author

Impoinvil, Daniel E., Baylis, Matthew, Solomon, Tom, Compans, Richard W, Series editor, Cooper, Max D., Series editor, Gleba, Yuri Y., Series editor, Honjo, Tasuku, Series editor, Melchers, Fritz, Series editor, Oldstone, Michael B. A., Series editor, Vogt, Peter K., Series editor, Malissen, Bernard, Series editor, Aktories, Klaus, Series editor, Kawaoka, Yoshihiro, Series editor, Rappuoli, Rino, Series editor, Galan, Jorge E., Series editor, Mackenzie, John S., editor, Jeggo, Martyn, editor, Daszak, Peter, editor, and Richt, Juergen A., editor

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Conclusions and recommendations of the meeting

Author

Mellor, Philip S., Baylis, Matthew, Hamblin, Christopher, Mertens, Peter P. C., Calisher, Charles H., Mellor, Philip S., editor, Baylis, Matthew, editor, Hamblin, Christopher, editor, Mertens, Peter P. C., editor, and Calisher, Charles H., editor

Published
1998
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results