1. AFM-detected apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by American ginseng root water extract
- Author
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Yingmin Qu, Zhengxun Song, Wenxiao Zhang, Jinyun Liu, Hongmei Xu, Feihu Zhao, Zuobin Wang, Jingmei Li, and Orthopaedic Biomechanics
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pathology ,Atomic force microscope (AFM) ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Apoptosis ,02 engineering and technology ,SDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijn ,SMMC-7721 cells ,Microscopy, Atomic Force ,Plant Roots ,Structural Biology ,Microscopy ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Cultured/drug effects ,General Materials Science ,Tumor ,biology ,Atomic force microscopy ,American ginseng ,Liver Neoplasms ,Atomic Force ,food and beverages ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Tumor Cells ,Cell biology ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects ,Panax/chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Hepatocytes/drug effects ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Materials science ,Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Panax ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Cell Line ,03 medical and health sciences ,Downregulation and upregulation ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Plant Extracts/isolation & purification ,Elastic modulus ,Plant Roots/chemistry ,Plant Extracts ,Carcinoma ,Cellular stiffness ,Hepatocellular ,Cell Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification ,Cancer cell ,Hepatocytes ,Cell apoptosis - Abstract
American ginseng as a common and traditional herbal medicine has been used in cancer treatment for many years. However, the effect of American ginseng on the cancer cell response (i.e. apoptosis) has not been fully understood yet. Previous studies demonstrated that cellular apoptosis was associated with the changes of mechanical and morphological properties. Therefore, in this study, mechanical and morphological characterizations were carried out by both atomic force microscope (AFM) and inverted optical microscope to investigate the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-7721) cells affected by American ginseng root water extract (AGRWE). The results showed that the cells treated with AGRWE exhibited significantly larger surface roughness, height and elastic modulus values than control group. Moreover, those parameters were upregulated under the higher concentration of AGRWE and longer culture time. Consequently, it indicates that the mechanical and morphological properties can be used as the apoptotic characteristics of SMMC-7721 cells. Also, the increased surface roughness and elastic modulus of cells under the AGRWE treatment have shown that the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells can be enhanced by AGRWE. This will provide an important implication for hepatocelluar carcinoma treatment and drug development.
- Published
- 2018