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Copyright of Ankara Review of European Studies (ARES) / Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi (AAÇD) is the property of Ankara University European Union Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After the victory in Sakarya, the Ankara Agreement between France and the Ankara Government on 20 October 1921 ensured the evacuation of the Çukurova region (Cilicia), drew the Turkey-Syria border, and determined the minority rights. Politically, this important development brought the Allied Powers together to provide peace and stability to the Near East under the name of "Peace of East". The Treaty of Ankara, on the one hand, ended the Turkish-French struggle in Anatolia and on the other hand pushed the Turkish-Greek relations to a new phase. As a matter of fact, the London visit of the Greek Prime Minister Gounaris, who was defeated in Sakarya, prompted the British Foreign Minister Lord Curzon to ensure the Peace of the East. To ensure the Peace of the East, Lord Curzon took the step of mediation on behalf of the British Government and sent a note to his other allies on this matter. In this study, many issues that are the subject of Eastern Peace (England's establishment of a neutral zone around the Straits with an alternative government in İzmir, the Turks' creation of a local gendarmerie, the withdrawal of Greek forces from Asia Minor, the Eastern Thrace border, the Armenian issue, Minority rights, etc.) will be discussed, especially through British Cabinet Documents, in addition to the Hâkimiyet-i Milli newspaper, TBMM Minutes and examination Works. As a result of the study; It is thought that by keeping the peace discourse constantly on the agenda England acted with the aim of gaining time for the defeated Greeks on the one hand, to make the Ankara government complacent with peace propaganda, on the other had, the Turkish public opinion, which takes a stance in favor of peace, does not expect too much in the context of peace discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the French and British occupation of the region, including the İskenderun Sanjak of the Ottoman Empire, following the First World War, the Ankara Agreement was signed on October 20, 1921, establishing a ceasefire with France. This agreement defined the Turkey-Syria border and outlined a special administration for the Sanjak. On July 24, 1922, France took control of İskenderun Sanjak as part of Syria and Lebanon under a mandate. Until the end of 1936, the French established political and administrative arrangements in the region to secure control in line with their interests in the Middle East. Atatürk, well aware of the importance of timing in foreign policy, played a decisive role in the peaceful and lawful resolution of the issue during the process of Hatay's accession to Turkey. This study, primarily based on official archive documents and newspapers, explores the issue of İskenderun Sanjak remaining outside the homeland, the commitments made on the basis of the 1921 Ankara Agreement, France's practices based on the Syria and Lebanon Mandate Law, the transfer of Hatay to Turkey, and the withdrawal from the region with the Treaty of June 23, 1939. The research is conducted using qualitative research methods, and the findings are presented descriptively, adhering as closely as possible to the original form of the documents and including direct quotations from participants' statements when necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ardından Fransızlar ve İngilizlerin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun İskenderun Sancağını da içine alan bölgesini işgal etmesinin sonrasında, Fransa ile ateşkes sağlayan 20 Ekim 1921 tarihli Ankara Anlaşması imzalanmıştır. Bu anlaşma ile Türkiye-Suriye sınırı belirlenmiş ve Sancak için özel bir yönetim uygulaması öngörülmüştür. 24 Temmuz 1922’de Fransa, Suriye ve Lübnan’ın bir parçası olarak İskenderun Sancağını manda yönetimi altına almıştır. Fransızlar Ortadoğu’daki çıkarları doğrultusunda 1936 yılı sonuna kadar oluşturduğu siyasi ve idari düzenlemelerle bölgede yönetimi sağlamıştır. Dış politikada zamanlamanın önemini iyi bilen Atatürk, Hatay’ın Türkiye’ye katılması sürecinde sorunun barışçı ve hukuka uygun bir şekilde çözümlenmesinin aşamalarında belirleyici bir rol oynamıştır. Ağırlıklı olarak resmî arşiv belgelerine ve gazetelere dayanan bu çalışmada, İskenderun Sancağının anavatan topraklarının dışında kalması, 1921 Ankara Anlaşması temelinde verilen taahhütler, Fransa’nın Suriye ve Lübnan Manda Yasası’na dayanarak yürüttüğü uygulamalar, Hatay’ın Türkiye’ye devri ve 23 Haziran 1939 Antlaşması ile bölgeden çekilmesi ile Fransa’ya yapılan ödeme araştırma konusu olarak yer almıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerine göre çalışmanın bulguları kapsamında incelenen belgeler, özgün şekline mümkün olduğunca bağlı kalınarak ve gerektiğinde katılımcıların ifadelerinden doğrudan alıntılar yapılarak betimsel bir yaklaşımla sunulmaktadır.

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University (AKU) Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Ankara Review of European Studies (ARES) / Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi (AAÇD) is the property of Ankara University European Union Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Banking & Commercial Law Journal / Banka ve Ticaret Hukuk Dergisi is the property of Research Institute of Banking & Commercial Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of FSM Scholarly Studies Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences / FSM İlmi Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of FSM Scholarly Studies Journal of Humanities & Social Scienes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitisü Dergisi is the property of Adiyaman University, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Belgi Dergisi is the property of Pamukkale University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Eurasian Inquiries / Avrasya Incelemeleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Eurasian Inquiries / Avrasya Incelemeleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recent Period Turkish Studies / Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları is the property of Recent Period Turkish Studies / Yakin Donem Turkiye Arastirmalari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ardahan University Journal of the Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Ardahan Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ardahan University Journal of the Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Atatürk Yolu Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Ataturk Yolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Marmara: Journal of European Studies / Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Marmara University, European Union Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dumlupinar University Journal of Social Science / Dumlupinar Üniversitesi Soysyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Dumlupinar University (Journal of Social Sciences) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy is the property of JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Review of European Studies (ARES) / Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi (AAÇD) is the property of Ankara University European Union Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study argues that minorities have higher in-group consciousness and adaptability developed through uneven interaction with the majority. Once migrated, their collective experiences are transferred to the country-of-residence with them, leading to higher civic and political integration in the country-of-residence than majority-migrants. Introducing a new civic and political integration model, it compares the majority and minority migrants from Turkey in the UK, by using ordinal logistic regression analyses. Findings show that Kurds are more involved in politics than Turks, however, they do not differ in terms of civic participation. Compared to Sunnis, Alevis feel more represented in the political system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recent Period Turkish Studies / Yakın Dönem Türkiye Araştırmaları is the property of Recent Period Turkish Studies / Yakin Donem Turkiye Arastirmalari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kafkas University, Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences Faculty / Kafkas Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of University of Kafkas, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TURKAV Institute of Public Adminsitration Journal of Social Sciences / TÜRKAV Kamu Yönetimi Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of TURKAV Institute of Public Adminsitration Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ataturk Arastirma Merkezi Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Arastirma Merkezi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies / Çagdas Türkiye Tarihi Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Communication Theory & Research / Iletisim Kuram ve Arastirma Dergisi is the property of Gazi University, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The European Union for Turkey has been always the focus of attention since the early 1960s. For Turkey which struggled to be membership to EU because of its economic and political interests, European Union is a state policy. Turkey-EU Relations that has legal basis with Ankara Agreement which was signed on September 12, 1963 and got to a lot of positive and negative process in the period until today, has almost come to an impasse due to developments in Turkey, developments in EU and developments in Turkey-EU Relations. European Commission issued a report that called Positive Agenda in 2012 to solve the existing problems and improve the relations. With some of the work performed within the scope of this report in the relations between the two sides have observed a slight improvement. However, it could not reach the desired results for both sides. This study will deal with Positive Agenda and the developments after the Realist point of view. It is not possible to examine all the developments experienced during the period. Therefore, evaluations will be made on a number of developments. An analysis will be conducted on the question of why Turkey-EU relations can not develop and what are the factors affecting this process. In this respect, it will be understood what both Turkey and the EU should do and how Turkey-EU relations have entered the path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of FSM Scholarly Studies Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences / FSM İlmi Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of FSM Scholarly Studies Journal of Humanities & Social Scienes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)