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1. United States Tax court's order in the case of AMES D. RAY, Petitioner v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,Respondent ( Docket No. 14052-16 )

Subjects: United States. Tax Court, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: Docket No.: 14052-16 Page 1 of 1 AMES D. RAY, Pet it ioner v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent Docket [...]
Published: 2022

2. United States Tax court's order in the case of Ames D. Ray, Petitioner v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,Respondent (Docket No. 14052-16. )

Subjects: United States. Tax Court, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: United States Tax Court Washington, DC 20217 Ames D. Ray, Petitioner v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Respondent ) ) ) [...]
Published: 2021

3. United States Tax court's order in the case of AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,Respondent (Docket No. 14052-16. )

Subjects: United States. Tax Court, Tax administration, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: 55 UNITED STATES TAX COURT WASHINGTON, DC 20217 AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner, ) v. ) Docket No. 14052-16. [...]
Published: 2020

4. United States Tax court's order in the case of AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE,Respondent (Docket No. 14052-16. )

Subjects: United States. Tax Court, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: UNITED STATES TAX COURT WASHINGTON, DC 20217 PA AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner, ) v. ) Docket No. 14052-16. [...]
Published: 2019

5. United States Tax court's order in the case of AMES D. RAY, vs COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE ( Docket No. 14052-16.)

Subjects: United States. Tax Court -- Cases, Tax administration -- Cases, Company legal issue, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: UNITED STATES TAX COURT WASHINGTON, DC 20217 AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner, ) v. ) Docket No. 14052-16. COMMISSIONER [...]
Published: 2018

6. United States Tax court's order in the case of AMES D. RAY, vs COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE(Docket No. 14052-16. )

Subjects: United States. Tax Court -- Cases, Tax administration -- Cases, Company legal issue, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: UNITED STATES TAX COURT WASHINGTON, DC 20217 PA AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner, ) v. ) Docket No. 14052-16. [...]
Published: 2018

7. United States Tax court's order in the case of AMES D. RAY, vs COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE

Subjects: United States. Tax Court -- Cases, Company legal issue, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract: Washington: United States Tax Court has issued the following order: UNITED STATES TAX COURT WASHINGTON, DC 20217 AMES D. RAY, ) ) Petitioner(s), ) ) v. ) Docket No. 14052-16. [...]
Published: 2017

8. Effects of physical activity on depressive symptoms in older caregivers: The IMPACCT randomized controlled trial.

Author: Loi SM, Gaffy E, Malta S, Russell MA, Williams S, Ames D, Hill KD, Batchelor F, Cyarto EV, Haines T, Lautenschlager NT, Mackenzie L, Moore KJ, Savvas SM, and Dow B
Subjects: Humans, Aged, Single-Blind Method, Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Depression psychology, Caregivers psychology
Abstract: Objectives: Physical activity (PA) can reduce depressive symptoms but has not been tested amongst depressed older caregivers and their care-recipients. The aim of this single-blind randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of a 6-month tailored PA program on depressive symptoms in older caregivers., Method: Caregivers were included if they had scores of ≥5 on the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15). Care-recipients could have any type of physical, mental or cognitive condition requiring support. The PA intervention group completed an individualized program based on the Otago-Plus Exercise Program. The primary outcome was improvement in depressive symptoms in caregivers measured at six and 12 months., Results: Two hundred and twelve participants (91 dyads and 30 caregivers only) were randomized using a 3:3:1 ratio to PA intervention, social-control, and usual-care control groups. There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms of the caregivers between the three groups at 6 months or 12 months. However, more than 50% of caregivers in all three groups no longer had a GDS-15 score ≥5 at 6 months. Further analysis revealed that caregivers in the PA group caring for someone with a standardised mini-mental state examination (SMMSE) score ≥24 had significantly less depressive symptoms than those caring for someone with a SMMSE score <24 compared with social-control (p < 0.02) and usual-care groups (p < 0.02)., Conclusions: A PA intervention may be beneficial for some caregivers in reducing symptoms of depression but may not be as beneficial to caregivers of people living with cognitive impairment., (© 2024 The Authors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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9. Faith-Based Organizations' Support of Veteran Congregants at Risk for Mental Health Conditions and Suicide: A Qualitative Study of Clergy Experiences in Los Angeles County.

Author: Santiago S, Yahalom J, Ames D, Kopacz MS, Weinreich HM, Erickson Z, Sakhno S, Van Hoof T, Hamilton AB, Koenig HG, and Yarns BC
Subjects: Humans, Los Angeles, Mental Health, Clergy, Veterans, Mental Disorders, Suicide, Faith-Based Organizations
Abstract: Faith-based organizations (FBOs) are often "gatekeepers" to mental health care for congregants at risk of mental illness and suicide, especially U.S. military Veterans, but data to inform better collaboration are needed. We conducted focus groups with clergy in Los Angeles County to understand the mental health support FBOs provide and barriers to collaboration with the mental healthcare system. Clergy detailed strategies used to support the mental health of Veteran congregants. Barriers included stigma, limits in clergy training, and incomplete knowledge about community and VA mental health resources. Results suggest strategies to improve collaboration between FBOs and the mental healthcare system in Los Angeles County., (© 2023. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.)
Published: 2023
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10. Crowe, J(ames) D(ee)

Author: Thomas Goldsmith
Published: 2013

11. Beyond the Global Brain Differences: Intraindividual Variability Differences in 1q21.1 Distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Deletion Carriers

Author: Boen, R, Kaufmann, T, van der Meer, D, Frei, O, Agartz, I, Ames, D, Andersson, M, Armstrong, NJ, Artiges, E, Atkins, JR, Bauer, J, Benedetti, F, Boomsma, DI, Brodaty, H, Brosch, K, Buckner, RL, Cairns, MJ, Calhoun, V, Caspers, S, Cichon, S, Corvin, AP, Crespo-Facorro, B, Dannlowski, U, David, FS, de Geus, EJC, de Zubicaray, GI, Desrivieres, S, Doherty, JL, Donohoe, G, Ehrlich, S, Eising, E, Espeseth, T, Fisher, SE, Forstner, AJ, Fortaner-Uya, L, Frouin, V, Fukunaga, M, Ge, T, Glahn, DC, Goltermann, J, Grabe, HJ, Green, MJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Grontvedt, GR, Hahn, T, Hashimoto, R, Hehir-Kwa, JY, Henskens, FA, Holmes, AJ, Haberg, AK, Haavik, J, Jacquemont, S, Jansen, A, Jockwitz, C, Joensson, EG, Kikuchi, M, Kircher, T, Kumar, K, Le Hellard, S, Leu, C, Linden, DE, Liu, J, Loughnan, R, Mather, KA, Mcmahon, KL, Mcrae, AF, Medland, SE, Meinert, S, Moreau, CA, Morris, DW, Mowry, BJ, Muehleisen, TW, Nenadic, I, Noethen, MM, Nyberg, L, Ophoff, RA, Owen, MJ, Pantelis, C, Paolini, M, Paus, T, Pausova, Z, Persson, K, Quide, Y, Marques, TR, Sachdev, PS, Sando, SB, Schall, U, Scott, RJ, Selbaek, G, Shumskaya, E, Silva, AI, Sisodiya, SM, Stein, F, Stein, DJ, Straube, B, Streit, F, Strike, LT, Teumer, A, Teutenberg, L, Thalamuthu, A, Tooney, PA, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Van't Ent, D, van den Bree, MBM, van Haren, NEM, Vazquez-Bourgon, J, Voelzke, H, Wen, W, Wittfeld, K, Ching, CRK, Westlye, LT, Thompson, PM, Bearden, CE, Selmer, KK, Alnaes, D, Andreassen, OA, Sonderby, IE, Boen, R, Kaufmann, T, van der Meer, D, Frei, O, Agartz, I, Ames, D, Andersson, M, Armstrong, NJ, Artiges, E, Atkins, JR, Bauer, J, Benedetti, F, Boomsma, DI, Brodaty, H, Brosch, K, Buckner, RL, Cairns, MJ, Calhoun, V, Caspers, S, Cichon, S, Corvin, AP, Crespo-Facorro, B, Dannlowski, U, David, FS, de Geus, EJC, de Zubicaray, GI, Desrivieres, S, Doherty, JL, Donohoe, G, Ehrlich, S, Eising, E, Espeseth, T, Fisher, SE, Forstner, AJ, Fortaner-Uya, L, Frouin, V, Fukunaga, M, Ge, T, Glahn, DC, Goltermann, J, Grabe, HJ, Green, MJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Grontvedt, GR, Hahn, T, Hashimoto, R, Hehir-Kwa, JY, Henskens, FA, Holmes, AJ, Haberg, AK, Haavik, J, Jacquemont, S, Jansen, A, Jockwitz, C, Joensson, EG, Kikuchi, M, Kircher, T, Kumar, K, Le Hellard, S, Leu, C, Linden, DE, Liu, J, Loughnan, R, Mather, KA, Mcmahon, KL, Mcrae, AF, Medland, SE, Meinert, S, Moreau, CA, Morris, DW, Mowry, BJ, Muehleisen, TW, Nenadic, I, Noethen, MM, Nyberg, L, Ophoff, RA, Owen, MJ, Pantelis, C, Paolini, M, Paus, T, Pausova, Z, Persson, K, Quide, Y, Marques, TR, Sachdev, PS, Sando, SB, Schall, U, Scott, RJ, Selbaek, G, Shumskaya, E, Silva, AI, Sisodiya, SM, Stein, F, Stein, DJ, Straube, B, Streit, F, Strike, LT, Teumer, A, Teutenberg, L, Thalamuthu, A, Tooney, PA, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Van't Ent, D, van den Bree, MBM, van Haren, NEM, Vazquez-Bourgon, J, Voelzke, H, Wen, W, Wittfeld, K, Ching, CRK, Westlye, LT, Thompson, PM, Bearden, CE, Selmer, KK, Alnaes, D, Andreassen, OA, and Sonderby, IE
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Carriers of the 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants exhibit regional and global brain differences compared with noncarriers. However, interpreting regional differences is challenging if a global difference drives the regional brain differences. Intraindividual variability measures can be used to test for regional differences beyond global differences in brain structure. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging data were used to obtain regional brain values for 1q21.1 distal deletion (n = 30) and duplication (n = 27) and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion (n = 170) and duplication (n = 243) carriers and matched noncarriers (n = 2350). Regional intra-deviation scores, i.e., the standardized difference between an individual's regional difference and global difference, were used to test for regional differences that diverge from the global difference. RESULTS: For the 1q21.1 distal deletion carriers, cortical surface area for regions in the medial visual cortex, posterior cingulate, and temporal pole differed less and regions in the prefrontal and superior temporal cortex differed more than the global difference in cortical surface area. For the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion carriers, cortical thickness in regions in the medial visual cortex, auditory cortex, and temporal pole differed less and the prefrontal and somatosensory cortex differed more than the global difference in cortical thickness. CONCLUSIONS: We find evidence for regional effects beyond differences in global brain measures in 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants. The results provide new insight into brain profiling of the 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants, with the potential to increase understanding of the mechanisms involved in altered neurodevelopment.
Published: 2024

12. Author Correction: Multi-cohort and longitudinal Bayesian clustering study of stage and subtype in Alzheimer's disease.

Author: Poulakis, K, Pereira, JB, Muehlboeck, J-S, Wahlund, L-O, Smedby, Ö, Volpe, G, Masters, CL, Ames, D, Niimi, Y, Iwatsubo, T, Ferreira, D, Westman, E, Japanese Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle study, Poulakis, K, Pereira, JB, Muehlboeck, J-S, Wahlund, L-O, Smedby, Ö, Volpe, G, Masters, CL, Ames, D, Niimi, Y, Iwatsubo, T, Ferreira, D, Westman, E, Japanese Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, and Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle study
Published: 2024

13. Genomic analysis of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes yields polygenic scores accounting for variation across ancestries.

Author: García-Marín LM, Campos AI, Diaz-Torres S, Rabinowitz JA, Ceja Z, Mitchell BL, Grasby KL, Thorp JG, Agartz I, Alhusaini S, Ames D, Amouyel P, Andreassen OA, Arfanakis K, Arias-Vasquez A, Armstrong NJ, Athanasiu L, Bastin ME, Beiser AS, Bennett DA, Bis JC, Boks MPM, Boomsma DI, Brodaty H, Brouwer RM, Buitelaar JK, Burkhardt R, Cahn W, Calhoun VD, Carmichael OT, Chakravarty M, Chen Q, Ching CRK, Cichon S, Crespo-Facorro B, Crivello F, Dale AM, Smith GD, de Geus EJC, De Jager PL, de Zubicaray GI, Debette S, DeCarli C, Depondt C, Desrivières S, Djurovic S, Ehrlich S, Erk S, Espeseth T, Fernández G, Filippi I, Fisher SE, Fleischman DA, Fletcher E, Fornage M, Forstner AJ, Francks C, Franke B, Ge T, Goldman AL, Grabe HJ, Green RC, Grimm O, Groenewold NA, Gruber O, Gudnason V, Håberg AK, Haukvik UK, Heinz A, Hibar DP, Hilal S, Himali JJ, Ho BC, Hoehn DF, Hoekstra PJ, Hofer E, Hoffmann W, Holmes AJ, Homuth G, Hosten N, Ikram MK, Ipser JC, Jack CR Jr, Jahanshad N, Jönsson EG, Kahn RS, Kanai R, Klein M, Knol MJ, Launer LJ, Lawrie SM, Hellard SL, Lee PH, Lemaître H, Li S, Liewald DCM, Lin H, Longstreth WT Jr, Lopez OL, Luciano M, Maillard P, Marquand AF, Martin NG, Martinot JL, Mather KA, Mattay VS, McMahon KL, Mecocci P, Melle I, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Mirza-Schreiber N, Milaneschi Y, Mosley TH, Mühleisen TW, Müller-Myhsok B, Maniega SM, Nauck M, Nho K, Niessen WJ, Nöthen MM, Nyquist PA, Oosterlaan J, Pandolfo M, Paus T, Pausova Z, Penninx BWJH, Pike GB, Psaty BM, Pütz B, Reppermund S, Rietschel MD, Risacher SL, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Romero-Garcia R, Roshchupkin GV, Rotter JI, Sachdev PS, Sämann PG, Saremi A, Sargurupremraj M, Saykin AJ, Schmaal L, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Schofield PR, Scholz M, Schumann G, Schwarz E, Shen L, Shin J, Sisodiya SM, Smith AV, Smoller JW, Soininen HS, Steen VM, Stein DJ, Stein JL, Thomopoulos SI, Toga AW, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Trollor JN, Valdes-Hernandez MC, van T Ent D, van Bokhoven H, van der Meer D, van der Wee NJA, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Veltman DJ, Vernooij MW, Villringer A, Vinke LN, Völzke H, Walter H, Wardlaw JM, Weinberger DR, Weiner MW, Wen W, Westlye LT, Westman E, White T, Witte AV, Wolf C, Yang J, Zwiers MP, Ikram MA, Seshadri S, Thompson PM, Satizabal CL, Medland SE, and Rentería ME
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Organ Size genetics, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity genetics, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity pathology, Parkinson Disease genetics, Parkinson Disease pathology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genomics methods, Adult, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Middle Aged, White People genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Multifactorial Inheritance genetics, Brain pathology
Abstract: Subcortical brain structures are involved in developmental, psychiatric and neurological disorders. Here we performed genome-wide association studies meta-analyses of intracranial and nine subcortical brain volumes (brainstem, caudate nucleus, putamen, hippocampus, globus pallidus, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, amygdala and the ventral diencephalon) in 74,898 participants of European ancestry. We identified 254 independent loci associated with these brain volumes, explaining up to 35% of phenotypic variance. We observed gene expression in specific neural cell types across differentiation time points, including genes involved in intracellular signaling and brain aging-related processes. Polygenic scores for brain volumes showed predictive ability when applied to individuals of diverse ancestries. We observed causal genetic effects of brain volumes with Parkinson's disease and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Findings implicate specific gene expression patterns in brain development and genetic variants in comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders, which could point to a brain substrate and region of action for risk genes implicated in brain diseases., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)
Published: 2024
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14. Promoting Independence Through Quality Dementia Care at Home (PITCH): An Australian Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating a Dementia Training Program for Home Care Workers.

Author: Dow B, Savvas S, Dang C, Batchelor F, Doyle C, Cooper C, Livingston G, Wise E, Tan E, Panayiotou A, Malta S, Clarke P, Burton J, Low LF, Loi SM, Fairhall A, Polacsek M, Lyketsos C, Scherer S, Ames D, Engel L, and Goh AMY
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Australia, Middle Aged, Adult, Home Health Aides education, Quality of Health Care, Clinical Competence standards, Aged, Dementia therapy, Dementia nursing, Home Care Services standards
Abstract: Objectives: The primary aim of this pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster RCT was to determine the efficacy of a co-designed dementia specialist training program (the PITCH program) for home care workers (HCWs) to improve their confidence and knowledge when providing care for clients living with dementia., Methods: HCWs who provided care to clients with dementia were recruited from seven home care service provider organisations in Australia between July 2019 and May 2022, and randomised into one of 18 clusters. The primary outcome was HCW's sense of self-competence in providing care services to people living with dementia at 6 months post PITCH training measured by the Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff (SCIDS) Scale., Results: Two hundred and thirteen HCWS completed baseline assessment and almost half (48.4%) completed all three study assessments. HCWs in clusters that received PITCH training had significantly higher sense of competence (measured by SCIDS) than those who had not received PITCH training. Post hoc analysis revealed that face-to-face PITCH training consistently resulted in improvements in the HCWs sense of competence, dementia attitudes and knowledge when compared to online training and when compared to no training. PITCH training had no effect on the sense of strain HCWs felt in delivering dementia care., Conclusions: Given the majority of care for people living with dementia is provided at home by family carers supported by HCWs, it is essential that HCWs receive training that improves their skills in dementia care. This study is an important step towards better care at home for people living with dementia., (© 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2024
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15. Crowe, J(ames) D(ee)

Author: Goldsmith, Thomas, primary
Published: 2013
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16. Harding, J(ames) D(uffield)

Author: David Cordingly
Published: 2003

17. Association Between Cognitive Function and Clustered Cardiovascular Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Older Adults at Risk of Cognitive Decline

Author: Lai, Michelle M. Y., Ames, D. J., Cox, K. L., Ellis, K. A., Sharman, M. J., Hepworth, G., Desmond, P., Cyarto, E. V., Szoeke, C., Martins, R., Masters, C. L., and Lautenschlager, N. T.
Published: 2020
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18. Genetic contributions to variation in general cognitive function: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in the CHARGE consortium (N=53949).

Author: Davies, G, Armstrong, N, Bis, JC, Bressler, J, Chouraki, V, Giddaluru, S, Hofer, E, Ibrahim-Verbaas, CA, Kirin, M, Lahti, J, van der Lee, SJ, Le Hellard, S, Liu, T, Marioni, RE, Oldmeadow, C, Postmus, I, Smith, AV, Smith, JA, Thalamuthu, A, Thomson, R, Vitart, V, Wang, J, Yu, L, Zgaga, L, Zhao, W, Boxall, R, Harris, SE, Hill, WD, Liewald, DC, Luciano, M, Adams, H, Ames, D, Amin, N, Amouyel, P, Assareh, AA, Au, R, Becker, JT, Beiser, A, Berr, C, Bertram, L, Boerwinkle, E, Buckley, BM, Campbell, H, Corley, J, De Jager, PL, Dufouil, C, Eriksson, JG, Espeseth, T, Faul, JD, Ford, I, Generation Scotland, Gottesman, RF, Griswold, ME, Gudnason, V, Harris, TB, Heiss, G, Hofman, A, Holliday, EG, Huffman, J, Kardia, SLR, Kochan, N, Knopman, DS, Kwok, JB, Lambert, J-C, Lee, T, Li, G, Li, S-C, Loitfelder, M, Lopez, OL, Lundervold, AJ, Lundqvist, A, Mather, KA, Mirza, SS, Nyberg, L, Oostra, BA, Palotie, A, Papenberg, G, Pattie, A, Petrovic, K, Polasek, O, Psaty, BM, Redmond, P, Reppermund, S, Rotter, JI, Schmidt, H, Schuur, M, Schofield, PW, Scott, RJ, Steen, VM, Stott, DJ, van Swieten, JC, Taylor, KD, Trollor, J, Trompet, S, Uitterlinden, AG, Weinstein, G, Widen, E, Windham, BG, Jukema, JW, and Wright, AF
Subjects: Generation Scotland, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, HMGN1 Protein, Cohort Studies, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Scotland, Female, Male, Atherosclerosis, Genome-Wide Association Study, and over, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Psychiatry, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Abstract: General cognitive function is substantially heritable across the human life course from adolescence to old age. We investigated the genetic contribution to variation in this important, health- and well-being-related trait in middle-aged and older adults. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of 31 cohorts (N=53,949) in which the participants had undertaken multiple, diverse cognitive tests. A general cognitive function phenotype was tested for, and created in each cohort by principal component analysis. We report 13 genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations in three genomic regions, 6q16.1, 14q12 and 19q13.32 (best SNP and closest gene, respectively: rs10457441, P=3.93 × 10(-9), MIR2113; rs17522122, P=2.55 × 10(-8), AKAP6; rs10119, P=5.67 × 10(-9), APOE/TOMM40). We report one gene-based significant association with the HMGN1 gene located on chromosome 21 (P=1 × 10(-6)). These genes have previously been associated with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Meta-analysis results are consistent with a polygenic model of inheritance. To estimate SNP-based heritability, the genome-wide complex trait analysis procedure was applied to two large cohorts, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (N=6617) and the Health and Retirement Study (N=5976). The proportion of phenotypic variation accounted for by all genotyped common SNPs was 29% (s.e.=5%) and 28% (s.e.=7%), respectively. Using polygenic prediction analysis, ~1.2% of the variance in general cognitive function was predicted in the Generation Scotland cohort (N=5487; P=1.5 × 10(-17)). In hypothesis-driven tests, there was significant association between general cognitive function and four genes previously associated with Alzheimer's disease: TOMM40, APOE, ABCG1 and MEF2C.
Published: 2015

19. W atson, J ames D ewey (1928)

Author: Iacono, Jeanne Maree, primary
Published: 2005
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20. Harding, J(ames) D(uffield)

Author: Cordingly, David, primary
Published: 2003
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21. Vascular disease and affective disorders. Edited by Chiu E. Ames D. and Katona C. Martin Dunitz Limited, London, 2002. Pages: 275. $44.95

Author: Simpson, Steve, primary
Published: 2003
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22. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission.

Author: Livingston G, Huntley J, Liu KY, Costafreda SG, Selbæk G, Alladi S, Ames D, Banerjee S, Burns A, Brayne C, Fox NC, Ferri CP, Gitlin LN, Howard R, Kales HC, Kivimäki M, Larson EB, Nakasujja N, Rockwood K, Samus Q, Shirai K, Singh-Manoux A, Schneider LS, Walsh S, Yao Y, Sommerlad A, and Mukadam N
Subjects: Humans, Dementia epidemiology, Dementia prevention & control, Dementia therapy
Abstract: Competing Interests: Declaration of interests SA declares grants from the Indian Council for Medical Research (2022–25), the Government of Karnataka (2022–23), Rotary Bangalore Midtown (2022–23), Lowes Services India (2022–25), and Wellcome Trust (2023–26); payment for expert testimony received by Indian Council of Medical Research and Ashoka University; and a travel grant paid by University College London for being part of the Lancet Commission. SB declares grants from National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Economic and Social Research Council, Engineering and Physical Science Research Council, Canadian Institute for Health Research, the Alzheimer's Association, the Alzheimer's Society, Health Education England, Alzheimer's Association, Alzheimer's Society, and Health Education England. He has held the following positions: Non-Executive Director Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Trustee of the Alzheimer's Society, Executive Dean of the University of Plymouth, and Pro-Vice Chancellor of the University of Nottingham. AB acts as a consultant for Lilly, TauRx Pharmaceuticals, and Eisai and carries out medico–legal work for solicitors. NCF declares consulting fees from F Hoffmann-La Roche, Eli Lilly, Ionis, Biogen, and Siemens; participation in data safety monitoring or advisory board for Biogen; and being a member of the Research Strategy Council for the Alzheimer's Society. LNG declares owning tailored activity programme licences. MK declares grants from Wellcome Trust (221854/Z/20/Z), the Medical Research Council (R024227), the National Institute on Aging (R01AG062553, R01AG056477), and the Academy of Finland (350426). KYL declared fellowship from Medical Research Council. EBL receives grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and royalties from UpToDate. GL declares support for the manuscript from the Alzheimer's Society, the Alzheimer's Society UK, and UK Research and Innovation, who gave grants to pay for travel and accommodation. She is supported by the University College London Hospitals' NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, by North Thames NIHR Applied Research Collaboration, and as an NIHR Senior Investigator and has grants from NIHR Health Technology Assessment, NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research, the Alzheimer's Association, the Norwegian Research Council, and Wellcome, outside of the submitted work. She works with the Alzheimer's Society as a member of the Research Strategy Council and is a trustee of Nightingale Hammerson care homes. KR declares grants from Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Canadian Frailty Network, and Research Nova Scotia; royalties from Biotest, Qu Biologics, AstraZeneca UK, BioAge Labs, Congenica, Icosavax, KCR, Faraday Pharmaceuticals, Synairgen Research, Enanta Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim International, Fresenius Kabi Deutschland, Baycrest Geriatric Care, and Shanghai Ark Biopharmaceutical; payment or honoraria from University of British Columbia, Fraser Health Authority, McMaster University, Chinese Medical Association, Wake Forest University Medical School Centre, University of Omaha, and Atria Institute; participation on data safety or advisory board for EpiPharma; and leadership of the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Dementia, Cap Breton University, and Nova Scotia Health. KS declares support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science fund (22H03352, 21KK0168, 16KK0059). LSS declares support from Della Martin Foundation, the NIH (P30 AG066530, R01 AG051346, R01 AG062687, R01 AG051346, R01 AG055444, P01 AG052350, R01 AG053267, R01 AG074983, R01 AG063826), Abbott, Biohaven, Biogen, Eisai, and Eli Lilly and consulting fees from AC Immune, Cortexyme, Alpha-cognition, BioVie, Athira, Eli Lilly/Avid, Corium, Lundbeck, Merck, Muna Therapeutics, Novo-Nordisk, Neurim, NeuroDiagnostics, Ono, Otsuka, Roche/Genentech, Cognition, Lighthouse, GW Research, ImmunoBrain, and Bristol Myers Squibb. AS declares grants from Wellcome Trust, the Alzheimer's Association, Brain Canada, and the NIHR. YY declares support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72374013) and the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB4603200, 2023YFC3606400). SW declares an NIHR doctoral training fellowship. GS has participated on advisory boards for the following pharmaceutical companies manufacturing drugs against Alzheimer's disease: Biogen, Roche, and Eisai. LG is an inventor of a training program for health and human service professionals in an evidence-based tailored activity intervention, the Tailored Activity Program; she and her respective universities are entitled to fees. All other authors declare no competing interests.
Published: 2024
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23. Author Correction: Multi-cohort and longitudinal Bayesian clustering study of stage and subtype in Alzheimer's disease.

Author: Poulakis K, Pereira JB, Muehlboeck JS, Wahlund LO, Smedby Ö, Volpe G, Masters CL, Ames D, Niimi Y, Iwatsubo T, Ferreira D, and Westman E
Published: 2024
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24. Application of the NIA-AA Research Framework: Towards a Biological Definition of Alzheimer’s Disease using Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in the AIBL Study

Author: Burnham, Samantha C., Coloma, P. M., Li, Q.-X., Collins, S., Savage, G., Laws, S., Doecke, J., Maruff, P., Martins, R. N., Ames, D., Rowe, C. C., Masters, C. L., and Villemagne, V. L.
Published: 2019
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25. Vascular disease and affective disorders. Edited by Chiu E. Ames D. and Katona C. Martin Dunitz Limited, London, 2002. Pages: 275. $44.95

Author: Steve Simpson
Subjects: Psychiatry and Mental health, medicine.medical_specialty, Vascular disease, medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychiatry, medicine.disease, Psychology
Published: 2003

26. Development of a human liver microphysiological coculture system for higher throughput chemical safety assessment.

Author: Ip BC, Madnick SJ, Zheng S, van Tongeren TCA, Hall SJ, Li H, Martin S, Spriggs S, Carmichael P, Chen W, Ames D, Breitweiser LA, Pence HE, Bowling AJ, Johnson KJ, Cubberley R, Morgan JR, and Boekelheide K
Subjects: Humans, Toxicity Tests methods, Cell Line, Biomarkers metabolism, Xenobiotics toxicity, Coculture Techniques, Liver drug effects, Liver metabolism, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Hepatocytes drug effects, Hepatocytes metabolism
Abstract: Chemicals in the systemic circulation can undergo hepatic xenobiotic metabolism, generate metabolites, and exhibit altered toxicity compared with their parent compounds. This article describes a 2-chamber liver-organ coculture model in a higher-throughput 96-well format for the determination of toxicity on target tissues in the presence of physiologically relevant human liver metabolism. This 2-chamber system is a hydrogel formed within each well consisting of a central well (target tissue) and an outer ring-shaped trough (human liver tissue). The target tissue chamber can be configured to accommodate a three-dimensional (3D) spheroid-shaped microtissue, or a 2-dimensional (2D) cell monolayer. Culture medium and compounds freely diffuse between the 2 chambers. Human-differentiated HepaRG liver cells are used to form the 3D human liver microtissues, which displayed robust protein expression of liver biomarkers (albumin, asialoglycoprotein receptor, Phase I cytochrome P450 [CYP3A4] enzyme, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 transporter, and glycogen), and exhibited Phase I/II enzyme activities over the course of 17 days. Histological and ultrastructural analyses confirmed that the HepaRG microtissues presented a differentiated hepatocyte phenotype, including abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and bile canaliculi. Liver microtissue zonation characteristics could be easily modulated by maturation in different media supplements. Furthermore, our proof-of-concept study demonstrated the efficacy of this coculture model in evaluating testosterone-mediated androgen receptor responses in the presence of human liver metabolism. This liver-organ coculture system provides a practical, higher-throughput testing platform for metabolism-dependent bioactivity assessment of drugs/chemicals to better recapitulate the biological effects and potential toxicity of human exposures., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2024
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27. Genetics of environmental sensitivity to psychiatric and neurodevelopmental phenotypes: evidence from GWAS of monozygotic twins.

Author: Assary E, Coleman J, Hemani G, van Der Veijer M, Howe L, Palviainen T, Grasby K, Ahlskog R, Nygaard M, Cheesman R, Lim K, Reynolds C, Ordoñana J, Colodro-Conde L, Gordon S, Madrid-Valero J, Thalamuthu A, Hottenga JJ, Mengel-From J, Armstrong NJ, Sachdev P, Lee T, Brodaty H, Trollor J, Wright M, Ames D, Catts V, Latvala A, Vuoksimaa E, Mallard T, Harden K, Tucker-Drob E, Oskarsson S, Hammond C, Christensen K, Taylor M, Lundström S, Larsson H, Karlsson R, Pedersen N, Mather K, Medland S, Boomsma D, Martin N, Plomin R, Bartels M, Lichtenstein P, Kaprio J, Eley T, Davies N, Munroe P, and Keers R
Abstract: Individual sensitivity to environmental exposures may be genetically influenced. This genotype-by-environment interplay implies differences in phenotypic variance across genotypes. However, environmental sensitivity genetic variants have proven challenging to detect. GWAS of monozygotic twin differences is a family-based variance analysis method, which is more robust to systemic biases that impact population-based methods. We combined data from up to 21,792 monozygotic twins (10,896 pairs) from 11 studies to conduct the largest GWAS meta-analysis of monozygotic phenotypic differences in children and adolescents/adults for seven psychiatric and neurodevelopmental phenotypes: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, autistic traits, anxiety and depression symptoms, psychotic-like experiences, neuroticism, and wellbeing. The SNP-heritability of variance in these phenotypes were estimated (h2: 0% to 18%), but were imprecise. We identified a total of 13 genome-wide significant associations (SNP, gene, and gene-set), including genes related to stress-reactivity for depression, growth factor-related genes for autistic traits and catecholamine uptake-related genes for psychotic-like experiences. Monozygotic twins are an important new source of evidence about the genetics of environmental sensitivity., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Published: 2024
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28. Heritability of Gene Expression Measured from Peripheral Blood in Older Adults.

Author: Kanchibhotla SC, Mather KA, Armstrong NJ, Ciobanu LG, Baune BT, Catts VS, Schofield PR, Trollor JN, Ames D, Sachdev PS, and Thalamuthu A
Subjects: Humans, Female, Aged, Male, Aged, 80 and over, Twins, Dizygotic genetics, Twins, Monozygotic genetics, Gene Expression genetics, Aging genetics
Abstract: The contributions of genetic variation and the environment to gene expression may change across the lifespan. However, few studies have investigated the heritability of blood gene expression in older adults. The current study therefore aimed to investigate this question in a community sample of older adults. A total of 246 adults (71 MZ and 52 DZ twins, 69.91% females; mean age-75.79 ± 5.44) were studied. Peripheral blood gene expression was assessed using Illumina microarrays. A heritability analysis was performed using structural equation modelling. There were 5269 probes (19.9%) from 4603 unique genes (23.9%) (total 26,537 probes from 19,256 genes) that were significantly heritable (mean h 2 = 0.40). A pathway analysis of the top 10% of significant genes showed enrichment for the immune response and ageing-associated genes. In a comparison with two other gene expression twin heritability studies using adults from across the lifespan, there were 38 out of 9479 overlapping genes that were significantly heritable. In conclusion, our study found ~24% of the available genes for analysis were heritable in older adults, with only a small number common across studies that used samples from across adulthood, indicating the importance of examining gene expression in older age groups.
Published: 2024
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29. The Psychosocial Health Status of Carers of Persons with Dementia: A Comparison with the Chronically Ill

Author: Brown, K., Gibson, S. J., Burrows, C., Ames, D., and Young, D.
Published: 1998

30. Genetic and Environmental Influences on Language Ability in Older Adults: Findings from the Older Australian Twins Study

Author: Lee, T., Thalamuthu, A., Henry, J. D., Trollor, J. N., Ames, D., Wright, M. J., Sachdev, P. S., and OATS Research Team
Published: 2018
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31. ames D. Wolfensohn Statement On The Death Of Julius Nyerere

Subjects: Africa, Nyerere, Julius K.
Abstract: Washington (World Bank, October 14, 1999) For the men and women who have served the great cause of development in the world, one of the lights of our lives went […]
Published: 1999

32. The ChatGPT Artificial Intelligence Chatbot: How Well Does It Answer Accounting Assessment Questions?

Author: Wood, DA, Achhpilia, MP, Adams, MT, Aghazadeh, S, Akinyele, K, Akpan, M, Allee, KD, Allen, AM, Almer, ED, Ames, D, Arity, V, Barr-Pulliam, D, Basoglu, KA, Belnap, A, Bentley, JW, Berg, T, Berglund, NR, Berry, E, Bhandari, A, Bhuyan, MNH, Black, PW, Blondeel, E, Bond, D, Bonrath, A, Borthick, AF, Boyle, ES, Bradford, M, Brandon, DM, Brazel, JF, Brockbank, BG, Burger, M, Byzalov, D, Cannon, JN, Caro, C, Carr, AH, Cathey, J, Cating, R, Charron, K, Chavez, S, Chen, J, Chen, JC, Chen, JW, Cheng, C, Cheng, X, Christensen, BE, Church, KS, Cicone, NJ, Constance, P, Cooper, LA, Correia, CL, Coyne, J, Cram, WA, Curtis, A, Daigle, RJ, Dannemiller, S, Davenport, SA, Dawson, GS, De Meyst, KJL, Dell, S, Demirkan, S, Denison, CA, Desai, H, DeSimone, S, Diehl, LM, Dimes, R, Dong, B, Donnelly, A, du Pon, A, Duan, HK, Duffey, A, Dunn, RT, Durkin, MP, Dzuranin, AC, Eberle, RM, Ege, MS, El Mahdy, D, Esplin, A, Eulerich, M, Everaert, P, Farah, N, Farish, L, Favere-Marchesi, M, Fayard, D, Filosa, JR, Ford, M, Franz, DR, Fulmer, BP, Fulmer, S, Furner, ZZ, Gantman, S, Garner, S, Garrett, J, Geng, X, Golden, J, Goldman, W, Gomez, J, Gooley, M, Granitto, SP, Green, KY, Greenman, CL, Gupta, G, Guymon, RN, Hale, K, Harper, CJ, Hartt, SA, Hawk, H, Hawkins, SR, Hawkins, EM, Hay, DC, Heinzelmann, R, Henderson, CD, Hendricks, BE, Heninger, WG, Hill, MS, Holden, N, Holderness, DK, Holt, TP, Hoopes, JL, Hsieh, S-F, Huang, F, Huang, H-W, Huang, T-C, Huels, BW, Hunter, K, Hurley, PJ, Inger, K, Islam, S, Ison, I, Issa, H, Jackson, AB, Jackson, SC, Janvrin, DJ, Jimenez, PD, Johanson, D, Judd, JS, Kawada, BS, Kelton, AS, Kern, S, Kerr, JN, Keune, MB, Kim, M, Knox, BD, Kogan, G, Kotb, A, Krane, R, Kremin, J, Krieg, KS, Kugel, J, Kulset, EM, Kuruppu, C, LaDuca, G, Lamberton, BA, Lamboy-Ruiz, MA, Lang, B, Larocque, SA, Larson, MP, Lawson, BP, Lawson, JG, Lee, L, Lenk, MM, Li-Kuehne, M, Liljegren, J, Lin, Y-H, Liu, W-P, Liu, Z, Lock, B, Long, JH, Loraas, T, Lowensohn, S, Loy, TR, Lyngstadaas, H, Maas, W, MacGregor, JE, Madsen, DØ, Malone, CL, Margolin, M, Marshall, ME, Martin, RM, Mpofu, CM, McCoy, C, McGuigan, NC, McSwain, DN, Meckfessel, MD, Mellon, MJ, Melton, OS, Mercado, JM, Mitsuda, S, Modugu, K, Moehrle, S, Chaghervand, AM, Moffitt, K, Moon, JS, Muehlmann, B, Murray, J, Mwaungulu, ES, Myers, N, Naegle, JC, Ndicu, MJ, Nelson, AS, Nguyen, AL, Niederkofler, T, Nikbakht, E, O'Brien, AD, Ogunade, KM, O'Leary, D, Oler, MJ, Oler, DK, Olsen, KJ, Otalor, JI, Outlaw, KW, Ozlanski, ME, Parlier, J, Paterson, JS, Pearson, CA, Petersen, MJ, Petra, ST, Pickard, MD, Pickerd, J, Pinsker, R, Plante, C, Plečnik, JM, Price, RA, Quick, LA, Raedy, J, Raschke, R, Ravenscraft, J, Richardson, V, Rixom, BA, Robertson, JF, Rock, I, Romney, MA, Rozario, A, Ruff, MF, Rupley, K, Saeedi, A, Saiewitz, A, Salzsieder, LW, Sarkar, S, Saulls, M, Scanlan, TA, Schaefer, TJ, Schaupp, D, Schneider, GP, Seebeck, A, Sellers, RD, Seto, SC, Sevel, R-L, Shan, Y, Sherwood, MG, Singorahardjo, M, Skaftadottir, HK, Skomra, J, Smith, JL, Smith, DO, Smith, J, Snow, MC, Sommerfeldt, RD, Sorensen, KB, Sorensen, TL, Spieler, AC, Stallings, MA, Stallings, L, Stancill, A, Stanley, JD, Stefaniak, CM, Stephens, NM, Stewart, BW, Stratopoulos, TC, Street, DA, Subedi, M, Summers, SL, Sundkvist, CH, Synn, C, Tadesse, A, Tapis, GP, Tassin, K, Taylor, S, Teal, M, Teeter, R, Tharapos, M, Theis, JC, Thomas, J, Thompson, KS, Thornock, TA, Tietz, W, Travalent, AM, Trinkle, BS, Truelson, JM, Turner, MC, Vagner, B, Vakilzadeh, H, van der Geest, J, van Pelt, V, Vandervelde, SD, Vega, J, Vera-Muñoz, S, Villanueva, B, Vincent, NE, Wagener, M, Walton, S, Warne, RC, Watanabe, OV, Watson, D, Watson, MW, Weber, J, Weirich, T, West, AN, Wilford, AL, Wilson, AB, Winrow, B, Winrow, T, Winrow, TS, Wiseman, D, Witte, AL, Wood, BD, Wood, J, Woolley, D, Wright, NS, Wu, J, Xiong, X, Yatsenko, D, Yazzie, CE, Young, GM, Zhang, C, Zimmerman, AB, Zoet, E, Wood, DA, Achhpilia, MP, Adams, MT, Aghazadeh, S, Akinyele, K, Akpan, M, Allee, KD, Allen, AM, Almer, ED, Ames, D, Arity, V, Barr-Pulliam, D, Basoglu, KA, Belnap, A, Bentley, JW, Berg, T, Berglund, NR, Berry, E, Bhandari, A, Bhuyan, MNH, Black, PW, Blondeel, E, Bond, D, Bonrath, A, Borthick, AF, Boyle, ES, Bradford, M, Brandon, DM, Brazel, JF, Brockbank, BG, Burger, M, Byzalov, D, Cannon, JN, Caro, C, Carr, AH, Cathey, J, Cating, R, Charron, K, Chavez, S, Chen, J, Chen, JC, Chen, JW, Cheng, C, Cheng, X, Christensen, BE, Church, KS, Cicone, NJ, Constance, P, Cooper, LA, Correia, CL, Coyne, J, Cram, WA, Curtis, A, Daigle, RJ, Dannemiller, S, Davenport, SA, Dawson, GS, De Meyst, KJL, Dell, S, Demirkan, S, Denison, CA, Desai, H, DeSimone, S, Diehl, LM, Dimes, R, Dong, B, Donnelly, A, du Pon, A, Duan, HK, Duffey, A, Dunn, RT, Durkin, MP, Dzuranin, AC, Eberle, RM, Ege, MS, El Mahdy, D, Esplin, A, Eulerich, M, Everaert, P, Farah, N, Farish, L, Favere-Marchesi, M, Fayard, D, Filosa, JR, Ford, M, Franz, DR, Fulmer, BP, Fulmer, S, Furner, ZZ, Gantman, S, Garner, S, Garrett, J, Geng, X, Golden, J, Goldman, W, Gomez, J, Gooley, M, Granitto, SP, Green, KY, Greenman, CL, Gupta, G, Guymon, RN, Hale, K, Harper, CJ, Hartt, SA, Hawk, H, Hawkins, SR, Hawkins, EM, Hay, DC, Heinzelmann, R, Henderson, CD, Hendricks, BE, Heninger, WG, Hill, MS, Holden, N, Holderness, DK, Holt, TP, Hoopes, JL, Hsieh, S-F, Huang, F, Huang, H-W, Huang, T-C, Huels, BW, Hunter, K, Hurley, PJ, Inger, K, Islam, S, Ison, I, Issa, H, Jackson, AB, Jackson, SC, Janvrin, DJ, Jimenez, PD, Johanson, D, Judd, JS, Kawada, BS, Kelton, AS, Kern, S, Kerr, JN, Keune, MB, Kim, M, Knox, BD, Kogan, G, Kotb, A, Krane, R, Kremin, J, Krieg, KS, Kugel, J, Kulset, EM, Kuruppu, C, LaDuca, G, Lamberton, BA, Lamboy-Ruiz, MA, Lang, B, Larocque, SA, Larson, MP, Lawson, BP, Lawson, JG, Lee, L, Lenk, MM, Li-Kuehne, M, Liljegren, J, Lin, Y-H, Liu, W-P, Liu, Z, Lock, B, Long, JH, Loraas, T, Lowensohn, S, Loy, TR, Lyngstadaas, H, Maas, W, MacGregor, JE, Madsen, DØ, Malone, CL, Margolin, M, Marshall, ME, Martin, RM, Mpofu, CM, McCoy, C, McGuigan, NC, McSwain, DN, Meckfessel, MD, Mellon, MJ, Melton, OS, Mercado, JM, Mitsuda, S, Modugu, K, Moehrle, S, Chaghervand, AM, Moffitt, K, Moon, JS, Muehlmann, B, Murray, J, Mwaungulu, ES, Myers, N, Naegle, JC, Ndicu, MJ, Nelson, AS, Nguyen, AL, Niederkofler, T, Nikbakht, E, O'Brien, AD, Ogunade, KM, O'Leary, D, Oler, MJ, Oler, DK, Olsen, KJ, Otalor, JI, Outlaw, KW, Ozlanski, ME, Parlier, J, Paterson, JS, Pearson, CA, Petersen, MJ, Petra, ST, Pickard, MD, Pickerd, J, Pinsker, R, Plante, C, Plečnik, JM, Price, RA, Quick, LA, Raedy, J, Raschke, R, Ravenscraft, J, Richardson, V, Rixom, BA, Robertson, JF, Rock, I, Romney, MA, Rozario, A, Ruff, MF, Rupley, K, Saeedi, A, Saiewitz, A, Salzsieder, LW, Sarkar, S, Saulls, M, Scanlan, TA, Schaefer, TJ, Schaupp, D, Schneider, GP, Seebeck, A, Sellers, RD, Seto, SC, Sevel, R-L, Shan, Y, Sherwood, MG, Singorahardjo, M, Skaftadottir, HK, Skomra, J, Smith, JL, Smith, DO, Smith, J, Snow, MC, Sommerfeldt, RD, Sorensen, KB, Sorensen, TL, Spieler, AC, Stallings, MA, Stallings, L, Stancill, A, Stanley, JD, Stefaniak, CM, Stephens, NM, Stewart, BW, Stratopoulos, TC, Street, DA, Subedi, M, Summers, SL, Sundkvist, CH, Synn, C, Tadesse, A, Tapis, GP, Tassin, K, Taylor, S, Teal, M, Teeter, R, Tharapos, M, Theis, JC, Thomas, J, Thompson, KS, Thornock, TA, Tietz, W, Travalent, AM, Trinkle, BS, Truelson, JM, Turner, MC, Vagner, B, Vakilzadeh, H, van der Geest, J, van Pelt, V, Vandervelde, SD, Vega, J, Vera-Muñoz, S, Villanueva, B, Vincent, NE, Wagener, M, Walton, S, Warne, RC, Watanabe, OV, Watson, D, Watson, MW, Weber, J, Weirich, T, West, AN, Wilford, AL, Wilson, AB, Winrow, B, Winrow, T, Winrow, TS, Wiseman, D, Witte, AL, Wood, BD, Wood, J, Woolley, D, Wright, NS, Wu, J, Xiong, X, Yatsenko, D, Yazzie, CE, Young, GM, Zhang, C, Zimmerman, AB, and Zoet, E
Abstract: ChatGPT, a language-learning model chatbot, has garnered considerable attention for its ability to respond to users’ questions. Using data from 14 countries and 186 institutions, we compare ChatGPT and student performance for 28,085 questions from accounting assessments and textbook test banks. As of January 2023, ChatGPT provides correct answers for 56.5 percent of questions and partially correct answers for an additional 9.4 percent of questions. When considering point values for questions, students significantly outperform ChatGPT with a 76.7 percent average on assessments compared to 47.5 percent for ChatGPT if no partial credit is awarded and 56.5 percent if partial credit is awarded. Still, ChatGPT performs better than the student average for 15.8 percent of assessments when we include partial credit. We provide evidence of how ChatGPT performs on different question types, accounting topics, class levels, open/closed assessments, and test bank questions. We also discuss implications for accounting education and research.
Published: 2023

33. High polygenic risk score for exceptional longevity is associated with a healthy metabolic profile

Author: Revelas, M, Thalamuthu, A, Zettergren, A, Oldmeadow, C, Najar, J, Seidu, NM, Armstrong, NJ, Riveros, C, Kwok, JB, Schofield, PR, Trollor, JN, Waern, M, Wright, MJ, Zetterberg, H, Ames, D, Belnnow, K, Brodaty, H, Scott, RJ, Skoog, I, Attia, JR, Sachdev, PS, Mather, KA, Revelas, M, Thalamuthu, A, Zettergren, A, Oldmeadow, C, Najar, J, Seidu, NM, Armstrong, NJ, Riveros, C, Kwok, JB, Schofield, PR, Trollor, JN, Waern, M, Wright, MJ, Zetterberg, H, Ames, D, Belnnow, K, Brodaty, H, Scott, RJ, Skoog, I, Attia, JR, Sachdev, PS, and Mather, KA
Abstract: Healthy metabolic measures in humans are associated with longevity. Dysregulation leads to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and negative health outcomes. Recent exceptional longevity (EL) genome wide association studies have facilitated estimation of an individual's polygenic risk score (PRS) for EL. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with high ELPRS have a low prevalence of MetS. Participants were from five cohorts of middle-aged to older adults. The primary analyses were performed in the UK Biobank (UKBB) (n = 407,800, 40-69 years). Replication analyses were undertaken using three Australian studies: Hunter Community Study (n = 2122, 55-85 years), Older Australian Twins Study (n = 539, 65-90 years) and Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (n = 925, 70-90 years), as well as the Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (n = 2273, 70-93 years). MetS was defined using established criteria. Regressions and meta-analyses were performed with the ELPRS and MetS and its components. Generally, MetS prevalence (22-30%) was higher in the older cohorts. In the UKBB, high EL polygenic risk was associated with lower MetS prevalence (OR = 0.94, p = 1.84 × 10-42) and its components (p < 2.30 × 10-8). Meta-analyses of the replication cohorts showed nominal associations with MetS (p = 0.028) and 3 MetS components (p < 0.05). This work suggests individuals with a high polygenic risk for EL have a healthy metabolic profile promoting longevity.
Published: 2023

34. Genetic and environmental influences on fruit and vegetable consumption and depression in older adults

Author: Matison, APP, Thalamuthu, A, Flood, VMM, Trollor, JNN, Catts, VSS, Wright, MJJ, Ames, D, Brodaty, H, Sachdev, PSS, Reppermund, S, Mather, KAA, Matison, APP, Thalamuthu, A, Flood, VMM, Trollor, JNN, Catts, VSS, Wright, MJJ, Ames, D, Brodaty, H, Sachdev, PSS, Reppermund, S, and Mather, KAA
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prior work suggests that higher fruit and vegetable consumption may protect against depression in older adults. Better understanding of the influence of genetic and environmental factors on fruit and vegetable intakes may lead to the design of more effective dietary strategies to increase intakes. In turn this may reduce the occurrence of depression in older adults. OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study is to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on the consumption of fruit and vegetables in older adults. The secondary aim is an exploratory analysis into possible shared genetic influences on fruit and vegetable intakes and depression. METHODS: Analysis of observational data from 374 twins (67.1% female; 208 monozygotic (MZ); 166 dizygotic (DZ)) aged ≥ 65 years drawn from the Older Australian Twins Study. Dietary data were obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire and depressive symptoms were measured using the 15-item short form Geriatric Depression Scale. The contribution of genetic and environmental influences on fruit and vegetable intake were estimated by comparing MZ and DZ twin intakes using structural equation modelling. A tri-variate twin model was used to estimate the genetic and environmental correlation between total fruit and vegetable intakes and depression. RESULTS: In this study, vegetable intake was moderately influenced by genetics (0.39 95%CI 0.22, 0.54). Heritability was highest for brassica vegetables (0.40 95%CI 0.24, 0.54). Overall fruit intake was not significantly heritable. No significant genetic correlations were detected between fruit and vegetable intake and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Vegetable consumption, particularly bitter tasting brassica vegetables, was significantly influenced by genetics, although environmental influences were also apparent. Consumption of fruit was only influenced by the environment, with no genetic influence detected, suggesting strategies targeting the food envir
Published: 2023

35. Orchids of Guatemala and Belize O. Ames D. S. Correll

Author: Schmid, Rudolf
Published: 1986
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36. Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of telephone-delivered cognitive behavior therapy compared with befriending for treating depression and anxiety in older adults with COPD

Author: Doyle C, Dunt D, Ames D, Fearn M, You E, and Bhar S
Subjects: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, anxiety, telephone, cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), befriending, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract: Colleen Doyle,1 David Dunt,2 David Ames,3 Marcia Fearn,3 Emily (Chuanmei) You,1 Sunil Bhar41Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 2Centre for Health Policy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 3National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 4Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, AustraliaBackground: COPD is an umbrella term to describe chronic lung diseases that cause limitations in lung airflow, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. The prevalence of depression and anxiety in people with COPD is high, although these comorbidities are often undiagnosed, untreated, or undertreated. There is a need to identify efficacious treatments for depression and anxiety in people with COPD. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for the treatment of anxiety and depression has a strong evidence base. There has been some success delivering this treatment over the telephone in limited studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of both telephone-administered CBT and befriending on outcomes for patients with diagnosed COPD who have at least mild levels of depression and/or anxiety.Methods: The protocol described in this paper is of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial comparing eight sessions of telephone CBT to an active social control, referred to as befriending. Primary outcome measures will include depression and anxiety symptoms, and secondary outcome measures will include quality of life, self-efficacy, and COPD symptom severity. Participants’ satisfaction with the intervention and therapeutic alliance will also be assessed. Measures will be taken pre- and postdelivery of the intervention and again at 8 weeks following the intervention.Conclusion: People with COPD often have limitations to their mobility because of their breathlessness. They are often already attending many medical appointments and could be reluctant to attend for face-to-face psychological treatment. The results of this study should identify the relative efficacy of CBT delivered over the telephone to this population, which, if successful, may be a cost-effective and more palatable alternative to face-to-face treatment of depression or anxiety for this population.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, anxiety, telephone, cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), befriending
Published: 2016

37. Physical activity and brain amyloid beta: A longitudinal analysis of cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Author: Slee MG, Rainey-Smith SR, Villemagne VL, Doecke JD, Sohrabi HR, Taddei K, Ames D, Dore V, Maruff P, Laws SM, Masters CL, Rowe CC, Martins RN, Erickson KI, and Brown BM
Subjects: Humans, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Apolipoprotein E4 genetics, Australia, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain metabolism, Apolipoproteins E genetics, Exercise, Positron-Emission Tomography, Amyloid beta-Peptides metabolism, Alzheimer Disease
Abstract: Introduction: The current study evaluated the relationship between habitual physical activity (PA) levels and brain amyloid beta (Aβ) over 15 years in a cohort of cognitively unimpaired older adults., Methods: PA and Aβ measures were collected over multiple timepoints from 731 cognitively unimpaired older adults participating in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study of Aging. Regression modeling examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between PA and brain Aβ. Moderation analyses examined apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriage impact on the PA-Aβ relationship., Results: PA was not associated with brain Aβ at baseline (β = -0.001, p = 0.72) or over time (β = -0.26, p = 0.24). APOE ε4 status did not moderate the PA-Aβ relationship over time (β = 0.12, p = 0.73). Brain Aβ levels did not predict PA trajectory (β = -54.26, p = 0.59)., Discussion: Our study did not identify a relationship between habitual PA and brain Aβ levels., Highlights: Physical activity levels did not predict brain amyloid beta (Aβ) levels over time in cognitively unimpaired older adults (≥60 years of age). Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status did not moderate the physical activity-brain Aβ relationship over time. Physical activity trajectories were not impacted by brain Aβ levels., (© 2023 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)
Published: 2024
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38. Beyond the Global Brain Differences: Intraindividual Variability Differences in 1q21.1 Distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Deletion Carriers.

Author: Boen R, Kaufmann T, van der Meer D, Frei O, Agartz I, Ames D, Andersson M, Armstrong NJ, Artiges E, Atkins JR, Bauer J, Benedetti F, Boomsma DI, Brodaty H, Brosch K, Buckner RL, Cairns MJ, Calhoun V, Caspers S, Cichon S, Corvin AP, Crespo-Facorro B, Dannlowski U, David FS, de Geus EJC, de Zubicaray GI, Desrivières S, Doherty JL, Donohoe G, Ehrlich S, Eising E, Espeseth T, Fisher SE, Forstner AJ, Fortaner-Uyà L, Frouin V, Fukunaga M, Ge T, Glahn DC, Goltermann J, Grabe HJ, Green MJ, Groenewold NA, Grotegerd D, Grøntvedt GR, Hahn T, Hashimoto R, Hehir-Kwa JY, Henskens FA, Holmes AJ, Håberg AK, Haavik J, Jacquemont S, Jansen A, Jockwitz C, Jönsson EG, Kikuchi M, Kircher T, Kumar K, Le Hellard S, Leu C, Linden DE, Liu J, Loughnan R, Mather KA, McMahon KL, McRae AF, Medland SE, Meinert S, Moreau CA, Morris DW, Mowry BJ, Mühleisen TW, Nenadić I, Nöthen MM, Nyberg L, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Pantelis C, Paolini M, Paus T, Pausova Z, Persson K, Quidé Y, Marques TR, Sachdev PS, Sando SB, Schall U, Scott RJ, Selbæk G, Shumskaya E, Silva AI, Sisodiya SM, Stein F, Stein DJ, Straube B, Streit F, Strike LT, Teumer A, Teutenberg L, Thalamuthu A, Tooney PA, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Trollor JN, van 't Ent D, van den Bree MBM, van Haren NEM, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Völzke H, Wen W, Wittfeld K, Ching CRK, Westlye LT, Thompson PM, Bearden CE, Selmer KK, Alnæs D, Andreassen OA, and Sønderby IE
Subjects: Humans, Brain diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, DNA Copy Number Variations, Chromosome Deletion, Abnormalities, Multiple
Abstract: Background: Carriers of the 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants exhibit regional and global brain differences compared with noncarriers. However, interpreting regional differences is challenging if a global difference drives the regional brain differences. Intraindividual variability measures can be used to test for regional differences beyond global differences in brain structure., Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging data were used to obtain regional brain values for 1q21.1 distal deletion (n = 30) and duplication (n = 27) and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion (n = 170) and duplication (n = 243) carriers and matched noncarriers (n = 2350). Regional intra-deviation scores, i.e., the standardized difference between an individual's regional difference and global difference, were used to test for regional differences that diverge from the global difference., Results: For the 1q21.1 distal deletion carriers, cortical surface area for regions in the medial visual cortex, posterior cingulate, and temporal pole differed less and regions in the prefrontal and superior temporal cortex differed more than the global difference in cortical surface area. For the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion carriers, cortical thickness in regions in the medial visual cortex, auditory cortex, and temporal pole differed less and the prefrontal and somatosensory cortex differed more than the global difference in cortical thickness., Conclusions: We find evidence for regional effects beyond differences in global brain measures in 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants. The results provide new insight into brain profiling of the 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants, with the potential to increase understanding of the mechanisms involved in altered neurodevelopment., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2024
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39. Dietary supplement use in older people attending memory clinics in Australia

Author: Cross, A. J., George, J., Woodward, M. C., Ames, D., Brodaty, H., and Elliott, Rohan A.
Published: 2017
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40. 1q21.1 distal copy number variants are associated with cerebral and cognitive alterations in humans

Author: Sønderby, I.E., van der Meer, D., Moreau, C., Kaufmann, T., Walters, G.B., Ellegaard, M., Abdellaoui, A., Ames, D., Amunts, K., Andersson, M., Armstrong, N.J., Bernard, M., Blackburn, N.B., Blangero, J., Boomsma, D.I., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Bülow, R., Bøen, R., Cahn, W., Calhoun, V.D., Caspers, S., Ching, C.R.K., Cichon, S., Ciufolini, S., Crespo-Facorro, B., Curran, J.E., Dale, A.M., Dalvie, S., Dazzan, P., de Geus, E.J.C., de Zubicaray, G.I., de Zwarte, S.M.C., Desrivières, S., Doherty, J.L., Donohoe, G., Draganski, B., Ehrlich, S., Eising, E., Espeseth, T., Fejgin, K., Fisher, S.E., Fladby, T., Frei, O., Frouin, V., Fukunaga, M., Gareau, T., Ge, T., Glahn, D.C., Grabe, H.J., Groenewold, N.A., Gústafsson, Ó., Haavik, J., Håberg, A.K., Hall, J., Hashimoto, R., Hehir-Kwa, J.Y., Hibar, D.P., Hillegers, M.H.J., Hoffmann, P., Holleran, L., Holmes, A.J., Homuth, G., Hottenga, J-J, Hulshoff Pol, H.E., Ikeda, M., Jahanshad, N., Jockwitz, C., Johansson, S., Jönsson, E.G., Jørgensen, N.R., Kikuchi, M., Knowles, E.E.M., Kumar, K., Le Hellard, S., Leu, C., Linden, D.E.J., Liu, J., Lundervold, A., Lundervold, A.J., Maillard, A.M., Martin, N.G., Martin-Brevet, S., Mather, K.A., Mathias, S.R., McMahon, K.L., McRae, A.F., Medland, S.E., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Moberget, T., Modenato, C., Sánchez, J.M., Morris, D.W., Mühleisen, T.W., Murray, R.M., Nielsen, J., Nordvik, J.E., Nyberg, L., Loohuis, L.M.O., Ophoff, R.A., Owen, M.J., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Peralta, J.M., Pike, G.B., Prieto, C., Quinlan, E.B., Reinbold, C.S., Marques, T.R., Rucker, J.J.H., Sachdev, P.S., Sando, S.B., Schofield, P.R., Schork, A.J., Schumann, G., Shin, J., Shumskaya, E., Silva, A.I., Sisodiya, S.M., Steen, V.M., Stein, D.J., Strike, L.T., Suzuki, I.K., Tamnes, C.K., Teumer, A., Thalamuthu, A., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Uhlmann, A., Ulfarsson, M.O., van ‘t Ent, D., van den Bree, M.B.M., Vanderhaeghen, P., Vassos, E., Wen, W., Wittfeld, K., Wright, M.J., Agartz, I., Djurovic, S., Westlye, L.T., Stefánsson, H., Stefánsson, K., Jacquemont, S., Thompson, P.M., Andreassen, O.A., Sønderby, I.E., van der Meer, D., Moreau, C., Kaufmann, T., Walters, G.B., Ellegaard, M., Abdellaoui, A., Ames, D., Amunts, K., Andersson, M., Armstrong, N.J., Bernard, M., Blackburn, N.B., Blangero, J., Boomsma, D.I., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Bülow, R., Bøen, R., Cahn, W., Calhoun, V.D., Caspers, S., Ching, C.R.K., Cichon, S., Ciufolini, S., Crespo-Facorro, B., Curran, J.E., Dale, A.M., Dalvie, S., Dazzan, P., de Geus, E.J.C., de Zubicaray, G.I., de Zwarte, S.M.C., Desrivières, S., Doherty, J.L., Donohoe, G., Draganski, B., Ehrlich, S., Eising, E., Espeseth, T., Fejgin, K., Fisher, S.E., Fladby, T., Frei, O., Frouin, V., Fukunaga, M., Gareau, T., Ge, T., Glahn, D.C., Grabe, H.J., Groenewold, N.A., Gústafsson, Ó., Haavik, J., Håberg, A.K., Hall, J., Hashimoto, R., Hehir-Kwa, J.Y., Hibar, D.P., Hillegers, M.H.J., Hoffmann, P., Holleran, L., Holmes, A.J., Homuth, G., Hottenga, J-J, Hulshoff Pol, H.E., Ikeda, M., Jahanshad, N., Jockwitz, C., Johansson, S., Jönsson, E.G., Jørgensen, N.R., Kikuchi, M., Knowles, E.E.M., Kumar, K., Le Hellard, S., Leu, C., Linden, D.E.J., Liu, J., Lundervold, A., Lundervold, A.J., Maillard, A.M., Martin, N.G., Martin-Brevet, S., Mather, K.A., Mathias, S.R., McMahon, K.L., McRae, A.F., Medland, S.E., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Moberget, T., Modenato, C., Sánchez, J.M., Morris, D.W., Mühleisen, T.W., Murray, R.M., Nielsen, J., Nordvik, J.E., Nyberg, L., Loohuis, L.M.O., Ophoff, R.A., Owen, M.J., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Peralta, J.M., Pike, G.B., Prieto, C., Quinlan, E.B., Reinbold, C.S., Marques, T.R., Rucker, J.J.H., Sachdev, P.S., Sando, S.B., Schofield, P.R., Schork, A.J., Schumann, G., Shin, J., Shumskaya, E., Silva, A.I., Sisodiya, S.M., Steen, V.M., Stein, D.J., Strike, L.T., Suzuki, I.K., Tamnes, C.K., Teumer, A., Thalamuthu, A., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Uhlmann, A., Ulfarsson, M.O., van ‘t Ent, D., van den Bree, M.B.M., Vanderhaeghen, P., Vassos, E., Wen, W., Wittfeld, K., Wright, M.J., Agartz, I., Djurovic, S., Westlye, L.T., Stefánsson, H., Stefánsson, K., Jacquemont, S., Thompson, P.M., and Andreassen, O.A.
Abstract: Low-frequency 1q21.1 distal deletion and duplication copy number variant (CNV) carriers are predisposed to multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, including schizophrenia, autism and intellectual disability. Human carriers display a high prevalence of micro- and macrocephaly in deletion and duplication carriers, respectively. The underlying brain structural diversity remains largely unknown. We systematically called CNVs in 38 cohorts from the large-scale ENIGMA-CNV collaboration and the UK Biobank and identified 28 1q21.1 distal deletion and 22 duplication carriers and 37,088 non-carriers (48% male) derived from 15 distinct magnetic resonance imaging scanner sites. With standardized methods, we compared subcortical and cortical brain measures (all) and cognitive performance (UK Biobank only) between carrier groups also testing for mediation of brain structure on cognition. We identified positive dosage effects of copy number on intracranial volume (ICV) and total cortical surface area, with the largest effects in frontal and cingulate cortices, and negative dosage effects on caudate and hippocampal volumes. The carriers displayed distinct cognitive deficit profiles in cognitive tasks from the UK Biobank with intermediate decreases in duplication carriers and somewhat larger in deletion carriers—the latter potentially mediated by ICV or cortical surface area. These results shed light on pathobiological mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disorders, by demonstrating gene dose effect on specific brain structures and effect on cognitive function.
Published: 2021

41. Dose response of the 16p11.2 distal copy number variant on intracranial volume and basal ganglia

Author: Sønderby, I.E., Gústafsson, Ó., Doan, N.T., Hibar, D.P., Martin-Brevet, S., Abdellaoui, A., Ames, D., Amunts, K., Andersson, M., Armstrong, N.J., Bernard, M., Blackburn, N., Blangero, J., Boomsma, D.I., Bralten, J., Brattbak, H-R, Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Bülow, R., Calhoun, V., Caspers, S., Cavalleri, G., Chen, C-H, Cichon, S., Ciufolini, S., Corvin, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Curran, J.E., Dale, A.M., Dalvie, S., Dazzan, P., de Geus, E.J.C., de Zubicaray, G.I., de Zwarte, S.M.C., Delanty, N., den Braber, A., Desrivières, S., Donohoe, G., Draganski, B., Ehrlich, S., Espeseth, T., Fisher, S.E., Franke, B., Frouin, V., Fukunaga, M., Gareau, T., Glahn, D.C., Grabe, H., Groenewold, N.A., Haavik, J., Håberg, A., Hashimoto, R., Hehir-Kwa, J.Y., Heinz, A., Hillegers, M.H.J., Hoffmann, P., Holleran, L., Hottenga, J-J, Hulshoff, H.E., Ikeda, M., Jahanshad, N., Jernigan, T., Jockwitz, C., Johansson, S., Jonsdottir, G.A., Jönsson, E.G., Kahn, R., Kaufmann, T., Kelly, S., Kikuchi, M., Knowles, E.E.M., Kolskår, K.K., Kwok, J.B., Hellard, S.L., Leu, C., Liu, J., Lundervold, A.J., Lundervold, A., Martin, N.G., Mather, K., Mathias, S.R., McCormack, M., McMahon, K.L., McRae, A., Milaneschi, Y., Moreau, C., Morris, D., Mothersill, D., Mühleisen, T.W., Murray, R., Nordvik, J.E., Nyberg, L., Olde Loohuis, L.M., Ophoff, R., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Penninx, B., Peralta, J.M., Pike, B., Prieto, C., Pudas, S., Quinlan, E., Quintana, D.S., Reinbold, C.S., Marques, T.R., Reymond, A., Richard, G., Rodriguez-Herreros, B., Roiz-Santiañez, R., Rokicki, J., Rucker, J., Sachdev, P., Sanders, A-M, Sando, S.B., Schmaal, L., Schofield, P.R., Schork, A.J., Schumann, G., Shin, J., Shumskaya, E., Sisodiya, S., Steen, V.M., Stein, D.J., Steinberg, S., Strike, L., Teumer, A., Thalamuthu, A., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Turner, J., Ueland, T., Uhlmann, A., Ulfarsson, M.O., van ’t Ent, D., van der Meer, D., van Haren, N.E.M., Vaskinn, A., Vassos, E., Walters, G.B., Wang, Y., Wen, W., Whelan, C.D., Wittfeld, K., Wright, M., Yamamori, H., Zayats, T., Agartz, I., Westlye, L.T., Jacquemont, S., Djurovic, S., Stefánsson, H., Stefánsson, K., Thompson, P., Andreassen, O.A., Sønderby, I.E., Gústafsson, Ó., Doan, N.T., Hibar, D.P., Martin-Brevet, S., Abdellaoui, A., Ames, D., Amunts, K., Andersson, M., Armstrong, N.J., Bernard, M., Blackburn, N., Blangero, J., Boomsma, D.I., Bralten, J., Brattbak, H-R, Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Bülow, R., Calhoun, V., Caspers, S., Cavalleri, G., Chen, C-H, Cichon, S., Ciufolini, S., Corvin, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Curran, J.E., Dale, A.M., Dalvie, S., Dazzan, P., de Geus, E.J.C., de Zubicaray, G.I., de Zwarte, S.M.C., Delanty, N., den Braber, A., Desrivières, S., Donohoe, G., Draganski, B., Ehrlich, S., Espeseth, T., Fisher, S.E., Franke, B., Frouin, V., Fukunaga, M., Gareau, T., Glahn, D.C., Grabe, H., Groenewold, N.A., Haavik, J., Håberg, A., Hashimoto, R., Hehir-Kwa, J.Y., Heinz, A., Hillegers, M.H.J., Hoffmann, P., Holleran, L., Hottenga, J-J, Hulshoff, H.E., Ikeda, M., Jahanshad, N., Jernigan, T., Jockwitz, C., Johansson, S., Jonsdottir, G.A., Jönsson, E.G., Kahn, R., Kaufmann, T., Kelly, S., Kikuchi, M., Knowles, E.E.M., Kolskår, K.K., Kwok, J.B., Hellard, S.L., Leu, C., Liu, J., Lundervold, A.J., Lundervold, A., Martin, N.G., Mather, K., Mathias, S.R., McCormack, M., McMahon, K.L., McRae, A., Milaneschi, Y., Moreau, C., Morris, D., Mothersill, D., Mühleisen, T.W., Murray, R., Nordvik, J.E., Nyberg, L., Olde Loohuis, L.M., Ophoff, R., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Penninx, B., Peralta, J.M., Pike, B., Prieto, C., Pudas, S., Quinlan, E., Quintana, D.S., Reinbold, C.S., Marques, T.R., Reymond, A., Richard, G., Rodriguez-Herreros, B., Roiz-Santiañez, R., Rokicki, J., Rucker, J., Sachdev, P., Sanders, A-M, Sando, S.B., Schmaal, L., Schofield, P.R., Schork, A.J., Schumann, G., Shin, J., Shumskaya, E., Sisodiya, S., Steen, V.M., Stein, D.J., Steinberg, S., Strike, L., Teumer, A., Thalamuthu, A., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Turner, J., Ueland, T., Uhlmann, A., Ulfarsson, M.O., van ’t Ent, D., van der Meer, D., van Haren, N.E.M., Vaskinn, A., Vassos, E., Walters, G.B., Wang, Y., Wen, W., Whelan, C.D., Wittfeld, K., Wright, M., Yamamori, H., Zayats, T., Agartz, I., Westlye, L.T., Jacquemont, S., Djurovic, S., Stefánsson, H., Stefánsson, K., Thompson, P., and Andreassen, O.A.
Abstract: Carriers of large recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) have a higher risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. The 16p11.2 distal CNV predisposes carriers to e.g., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We compared subcortical brain volumes of 12 16p11.2 distal deletion and 12 duplication carriers to 6882 non-carriers from the large-scale brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging collaboration, ENIGMA-CNV. After stringent CNV calling procedures, and standardized FreeSurfer image analysis, we found negative dose-response associations with copy number on intracranial volume and on regional caudate, pallidum and putamen volumes (β = −0.71 to −1.37; P < 0.0005). In an independent sample, consistent results were obtained, with significant effects in the pallidum (β = −0.95, P = 0.0042). The two data sets combined showed significant negative dose-response for the accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen and ICV (P = 0.0032, 8.9 × 10−6, 1.7 × 10−9, 3.5 × 10−12 and 1.0 × 10−4, respectively). Full scale IQ was lower in both deletion and duplication carriers compared to non-carriers. This is the first brain MRI study of the impact of the 16p11.2 distal CNV, and we demonstrate a specific effect on subcortical brain structures, suggesting a neuropathological pattern underlying the neurodevelopmental syndromes.
Published: 2020

42. Comorbidity of cerebrovascular and Alzheimer’s disease in aging

Author: Xia, Y., Yassi, N., Raniga, P., Bourgeat, P., Desmond, P., Doecke, J., Ames, D., Laws, S.M., Fowler, C., Rainey-Smith, S.R., Martins, R., Maruff, P., Villemagne, V.L., Masters, C.L., Rowe, C.C., Fripp, J., Salvado, O., Xia, Y., Yassi, N., Raniga, P., Bourgeat, P., Desmond, P., Doecke, J., Ames, D., Laws, S.M., Fowler, C., Rainey-Smith, S.R., Martins, R., Maruff, P., Villemagne, V.L., Masters, C.L., Rowe, C.C., Fripp, J., and Salvado, O.
Abstract: Background:Cerebrovascular disease often coexists with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While both diseases share common risk factors, their interrelationship remains unclear. Increasing the understanding of how cerebrovascular changes interact with AD is essential to develop therapeutic strategies and refine biomarkers for early diagnosis. Objective:We investigate the prevalence and risk factors for the comorbidity of amyloid-β (Aβ) and cerebrovascular disease in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Study of Ageing, and further examine their cross-sectional association. Methods:A total of 598 participants (422 cognitively normal, 89 with mild cognitive impairment, 87 with AD) underwent positron emission tomography and structural magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of Aβ deposition and cerebrovascular disease. Individuals were categorized based on the comorbidity status of Aβ and cerebrovascular disease (V) as Aβ–V–, Aβ–V+, Aβ+V–, or Aβ+V+. Results:Advancing age was associated with greater likelihood of cerebrovascular disease, high Aβ load and their comorbidity. Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 carriage was only associated with Aβ positivity. Greater total and regional WMH burden were observed in participants with AD. However, no association were observed between Aβ and WMH measures after stratification by clinical classification, suggesting that the observed association between AD and cerebrovascular disease was driven by the common risk factor of age. Conclusion:Our observations demonstrate common comorbid condition of Aβ and cerebrovascular disease in later life. While our study did not demonstrate a convincing cross-sectional association between Aβ and WMH burden, future longitudinal studies are required to further confirm this.
Published: 2020

43. Association of β-amyloid level, clinical progression and longitudinal cognitive change in normal older individuals

Author: van der Kall, L.M., Truong, T., Burnham, S.C., Doré, V., Mulligan, R.S., Bozinovski, S., Lamb, F., Bourgeat, P., Fripp, J., Schultz, S., Lim, Y.Y., Laws, S.M., Ames, D., Fowler, C., Rainey-Smith, S.R., Martins, R.N., Salvado, O., Robertson, J., Maruff, P., Masters, C.L., Villemagne, V.L., Rowe, C.C., van der Kall, L.M., Truong, T., Burnham, S.C., Doré, V., Mulligan, R.S., Bozinovski, S., Lamb, F., Bourgeat, P., Fripp, J., Schultz, S., Lim, Y.Y., Laws, S.M., Ames, D., Fowler, C., Rainey-Smith, S.R., Martins, R.N., Salvado, O., Robertson, J., Maruff, P., Masters, C.L., Villemagne, V.L., and Rowe, C.C.
Abstract: Objective To determine the effect of β-amyloid (Aβ) level on progression risk to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia and longitudinal cognitive change in cognitively normal (CN) older individuals. Methods All CN from the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle study with Aβ PET and ≥3 years follow-up were included (n = 534; age 72 ± 6 years; 27% Aβ positive; follow-up 5.3 ± 1.7 years). Aβ level was divided using the standardized 0–100 Centiloid scale: <15 CL negative, 15–25 CL uncertain, 26–50 CL moderate, 51–100 CL high, >100 CL very high, noting >25 CL approximates a positive scan. Cox proportional hazards analysis and linear mixed effect models were used to assess risk of progression and cognitive decline. Results Aβ levels in 63% were negative, 10% uncertain, 10% moderate, 14% high, and 3% very high. Fifty-seven (11%) progressed to MCI or dementia. Compared to negative Aβ, the hazard ratio for progression for moderate Aβ was 3.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–7.6; p < 0.05), for high was 7.0 (95% CI 3.7–13.3; p < 0.001), and for very high was 11.4 (95% CI 5.1–25.8; p < 0.001). Decline in cognitive composite score was minimal in the moderate group (−0.02 SD/year, p = 0.05), while the high and very high declined substantially (high −0.08 SD/year, p < 0.001; very high −0.35 SD/year, p < 0.001). Conclusion The risk of MCI or dementia over 5 years in older CN is related to Aβ level on PET, 5% if negative vs 25% if positive but ranging from 12% if 26–50 CL to 28% if 51–100 CL and 50% if >100 CL. This information may be useful for dementia risk counseling and aid design of preclinical AD trials.
Published: 2020

44. Global and regional development of the human cerebral cortex: Molecular architecture and occupational aptitudes

Author: Paus, T., Seshadri, S., Pausova, Z., Sestan, N., Jahanshad, N., Ding, L., Kremen, W.S., Franz, C.E., Gillespie, N.A., Debette, S., Maingault, S., Mishra, A., Tzourio, C., Grabe, H.J., Bülow, R., Wittfeld, K., van der -Palitschka, S., Frenzel, S., Ikram, M.A., Adams, H.H.H.H., Evans, T.E., Terzikhan, N., Sachdev, P.S., Wen, W., Brodaty, H., Wright, M.J., Trollor, J.N., Thalamuthu, A., Schofield, P.R., Kwok, J.B., Jiang, J., Ames, D., Mather, K.A., Armstrong, N.J., Villringer, A., Beyer, F., Witte, A.V., Loeffler, M., Scholz, M., Deary, I.E., Wardlaw, J.M., Harris, M.A., Bastin, M.E., Lewis, L., Karama, S., Luciano, M., Yang, Q., Li, S., Bis, J.C., Mazoyer, B., Crivello, F., Carrion-Castillo, A., Schmidt, H., Schmidt, R., Pirpamer, L., Saba, Y., Fornage, M., Mosley, T.H., Gottesman, R., Jian, X., Sousa, A.M.M., Roshchupkin, G.V., Tilley, S., Vosberg, D.E., Patel, Y., Hofer, E., Ma, S., Shin, J., Paus, T., Seshadri, S., Pausova, Z., Sestan, N., Jahanshad, N., Ding, L., Kremen, W.S., Franz, C.E., Gillespie, N.A., Debette, S., Maingault, S., Mishra, A., Tzourio, C., Grabe, H.J., Bülow, R., Wittfeld, K., van der -Palitschka, S., Frenzel, S., Ikram, M.A., Adams, H.H.H.H., Evans, T.E., Terzikhan, N., Sachdev, P.S., Wen, W., Brodaty, H., Wright, M.J., Trollor, J.N., Thalamuthu, A., Schofield, P.R., Kwok, J.B., Jiang, J., Ames, D., Mather, K.A., Armstrong, N.J., Villringer, A., Beyer, F., Witte, A.V., Loeffler, M., Scholz, M., Deary, I.E., Wardlaw, J.M., Harris, M.A., Bastin, M.E., Lewis, L., Karama, S., Luciano, M., Yang, Q., Li, S., Bis, J.C., Mazoyer, B., Crivello, F., Carrion-Castillo, A., Schmidt, H., Schmidt, R., Pirpamer, L., Saba, Y., Fornage, M., Mosley, T.H., Gottesman, R., Jian, X., Sousa, A.M.M., Roshchupkin, G.V., Tilley, S., Vosberg, D.E., Patel, Y., Hofer, E., Ma, S., and Shin, J.
Abstract: We have carried out meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (n = 23 784) of the first two principal components (PCs) that group together cortical regions with shared variance in their surface area. PC1 (global) captured variations of most regions, whereas PC2 (visual) was specific to the primary and secondary visual cortices. We identified a total of 18 (PC1) and 17 (PC2) independent loci, which were replicated in another 25 746 individuals. The loci of the global PC1 included those associated previously with intracranial volume and/or general cognitive function, such as MAPT and IGF2BP1. The loci of the visual PC2 included DAAM1, a key player in the planar-cell-polarity pathway. We then tested associations with occupational aptitudes and, as predicted, found that the global PC1 was associated with General Learning Ability, and the visual PC2 was associated with the Form Perception aptitude. These results suggest that interindividual variations in global and regional development of the human cerebral cortex (and its molecular architecture) cascade—albeit in a very limited manner—to behaviors as complex as the choice of one’s occupation.
Published: 2020

45. Apathy and depression in mild cognitive impairment: distinct longitudinal trajectories and clinical outcomes.

Author: Connors MH, Teixeira-Pinto A, Ames D, Woodward M, and Brodaty H
Subjects: Humans, Aged, Depression epidemiology, Depression psychology, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Neuropsychological Tests, Apathy, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnosis, Dementia psychology, Alzheimer Disease psychology
Abstract: Objectives: Apathy is a common symptom in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and may predict progression to dementia. Little research, however, has investigated the longitudinal trajectory of apathy in patients with MCI or controlled for depression, which can mimic apathy, when examining its clinical correlates. The current study sought to address these issues., Design: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted over 3 years., Setting: Nine memory clinics around Australia., Participants: One hundred and eighty-five patients with MCI at baseline., Measurements: Measures of cognition, function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, caregiver burden, and medication use were completed annually with additional assessments at 3 and 6 months. Patients were also assessed for dementia by expert clinicians at these time points., Results: Of 164 patients who completed measures of neuropsychiatric symptoms, 59 (36.0%) had apathy and 61 (37.2%) had depression. The proportion affected by apathy and overall apathy scores increased over time, in contrast to measures of depression, which remained relatively stable. Apathy was associated with incident dementia and worse cognition, function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and caregiver burden independent of both depression and incident dementia. Depression was associated with worse function, albeit to lesser degree than apathy, and neuropsychiatric symptoms., Conclusions: Apathy increases in MCI and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. These findings provide further evidence for apathy as a marker of clinical decline in older people and poorer outcomes across neurocognitive disorders.
Published: 2023
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46. Effects of a physical activity intervention on brain atrophy in older adults at risk of dementia: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: Sinclair B, Steward C, Venkatraman V, Aljondi R, Cox KL, Ellis KA, Ames D, Masters CL, Phal PM, Sharman MJ, Cyarto EV, Lai MMY, Szoeke C, Lautenschlager NT, and Desmond PM
Subjects: Aged, Atrophy pathology, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Cognition, Exercise, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cognitive Dysfunction diagnostic imaging, Cognitive Dysfunction pathology, Dementia diagnostic imaging, Dementia pathology
Abstract: Lack of physical activity is a risk factor for dementia, however, the utility of interventional physical activity programs as a protective measure against brain atrophy and cognitive decline is uncertain. Here we present the effect of a randomized controlled trial of a 24-month physical activity intervention on global and regional brain atrophy as characterized by longitudinal voxel-based morphometry with T1-weighted MRI images. The study sample consisted of 98 participants at risk of dementia, with mild cognitive impairment or subjective memory complaints, and having at least one vascular risk factor for dementia, randomized into an exercise group and a control group. Between 0 and 24 months, there was no significant difference detected between groups in the rate of change in global, or regional brain volumes., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2021
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47. Development of harmonized and co‐calibrated scores for memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial in the AIBL Study, ADNI, and NACC datasets

Author: Crane, PK, Trittschuh, EH, Mez, JB, Saykin, AJ, Sanders, RE, Gibbons, LE, Lee, ML, Scollard, P, Choi, S, Rainey‐Smith, S, Chooi, CK, Gavett, BE, Maruff, P, Ames, D, Culhane, JE, Gauthreaux, K, Chan, KCG, Biber, S, Stephens, K, Kukull, WA, Dumitrescu, L, Hohman, TJ, Mukherjee, S, Crane, PK, Trittschuh, EH, Mez, JB, Saykin, AJ, Sanders, RE, Gibbons, LE, Lee, ML, Scollard, P, Choi, S, Rainey‐Smith, S, Chooi, CK, Gavett, BE, Maruff, P, Ames, D, Culhane, JE, Gauthreaux, K, Chan, KCG, Biber, S, Stephens, K, Kukull, WA, Dumitrescu, L, Hohman, TJ, and Mukherjee, S
Abstract: Background The Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study is a prospective study collecting extensive cognitive, clinical, fluid, and imaging biomarkers data from older adults living in Australia. Integration of outcomes between large prospective studies of AD will provide greater precision in models of AD brain‐behavior relationships, so it is important to align composite scores for cognitive domains between such studies. Methods Detailed methods for AIBL, the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) have been published. Briefly, AIBL participants had cognition assessed with an extensive neuropsychological test battery alongside health and biomarker assessments at entry and each 18‐months thereafter. Granular‐level cognitive data were obtained and an expert panel of two neuropsychologists and a behavioral neurologist categorized each element as assessing memory, executive functioning, language, visuospatial, or none of these, exactly as we have done previously. We also identified elements we had previously calibrated from other studies; after careful quality control and confirmation these served as anchors enabling co‐calibration. We used confirmatory factor analysis bi‐factor models to calibrate the AIBL battery with other studies. We used those calibrations to obtain co‐calibrated scores for all AIBL participants at every study visit. Here we show descriptive statistics for baseline visits, separately by diagnosis (normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia) for two enrollment waves for AIBL as well as for each phase of ADNI and across the Uniform Data Set (UDS) 1 & 2 (UDS1/2) and UDS3 time periods for NACC. Results Box plots for memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial for people with normal cognition are in Figure 1, MCI in Figure 2, and dementia in Figure 3. These figures show there is substantial cognitive variation across waves within these
Published: 2022

48. Reproducibility in the absence of selective reporting: An illustration from large-scale brain asymmetry research

Author: Kong, XZ, Francks, C, Mathias, SR, Guadalupe, T, Abé, C, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Aleman, A, Alhusaini, S, Allen, NB, Ames, D, Andreassen, OA, Vasquez, AA, Armstrong, NJ, Asherson, P, Bergo, F, Bastin, ME, Batalla, A, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Baur-Streubel, R, Biederman, J, Blaine, SK, Boedhoe, P, Bøen, E, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brodaty, H, Yüksel, D, Brooks, SJ, Buitelaar, J, Bürger, C, Bülow, R, Calhoun, V, Calvo, A, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caparelli, EC, Castellanos, FX, Cendes, F, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, K, Chen, QL, Chen, X, Cheng, Y, Christakou, A, Clark, VP, Coghill, D, Connolly, CG, Conzelmann, A, Córdova-Palomera, A, Cousijn, J, Crow, T, Cubillo, A, Dannlowski, U, de Bruttopilo, SA, de Zeeuw, P, Deary, IJ, Demeter, DV, Di Martino, A, Dickie, EW, Dietsche, B, Doan, NT, Doherty, CP, Doyle, A, Durston, S, Earl, E, Ehrlich, S, Ekman, CJ, Elvsåshagen, T, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Fernández, G, Flint, C, Filho, GB, Förster, K, Fouche, JP, Foxe, JJ, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Fullerton, JM, Garavan, H, do Santos Garcia, D, Gotlib, IH, Goudriaan, AE, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gurholt, T, Haavik, J, Hahn, T, Hansell, NK, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, del Carmen Valdés Hernández, M, Kong, XZ, Francks, C, Mathias, SR, Guadalupe, T, Abé, C, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Aleman, A, Alhusaini, S, Allen, NB, Ames, D, Andreassen, OA, Vasquez, AA, Armstrong, NJ, Asherson, P, Bergo, F, Bastin, ME, Batalla, A, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Baur-Streubel, R, Biederman, J, Blaine, SK, Boedhoe, P, Bøen, E, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brodaty, H, Yüksel, D, Brooks, SJ, Buitelaar, J, Bürger, C, Bülow, R, Calhoun, V, Calvo, A, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caparelli, EC, Castellanos, FX, Cendes, F, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, K, Chen, QL, Chen, X, Cheng, Y, Christakou, A, Clark, VP, Coghill, D, Connolly, CG, Conzelmann, A, Córdova-Palomera, A, Cousijn, J, Crow, T, Cubillo, A, Dannlowski, U, de Bruttopilo, SA, de Zeeuw, P, Deary, IJ, Demeter, DV, Di Martino, A, Dickie, EW, Dietsche, B, Doan, NT, Doherty, CP, Doyle, A, Durston, S, Earl, E, Ehrlich, S, Ekman, CJ, Elvsåshagen, T, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Fernández, G, Flint, C, Filho, GB, Förster, K, Fouche, JP, Foxe, JJ, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Fullerton, JM, Garavan, H, do Santos Garcia, D, Gotlib, IH, Goudriaan, AE, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gurholt, T, Haavik, J, Hahn, T, Hansell, NK, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, and del Carmen Valdés Hernández, M
Published: 2022

49. Genetic variants associated with longitudinal changes in brain structure across the lifespan

Author: Brouwer, RM, Klein, M, Grasby, KL, Schnack, HG, Jahanshad, N, Teeuw, J, Thomopoulos, SI, Sprooten, E, Franz, CE, Gogtay, N, Kremen, WS, Panizzon, MS, Olde Loohuis, LM, Whelan, CD, Aghajani, M, Alloza, C, Alanaes, D, Artiges, E, Ayesa-Arriola, R, Barker, GJ, Bastin, ME, Blok, E, Boen, E, Breukelaar, IA, Bright, JK, Buimer, EEL, Bulow, R, Cannon, DM, Ciufolini, S, Crossley, NA, Damatac, CG, Dazzan, P, de Mol, CL, de Zwarte, SMC, Desrivieres, S, Diaz-Caneja, CM, Doan, NT, Dohm, K, Froehner, JH, Goltermann, J, Grigis, A, Grotegerd, D, Han, LKM, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, Heany, SJ, Heindel, W, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hohmann, S, Ittermann, B, Jansen, PR, Janssen, J, Jia, T, Jiang, J, Jockwitz, C, Karali, T, Keeser, D, Koevoets, MGJC, Lenroot, RK, Malchow, B, Mandl, RCW, Medel, V, Meinert, S, Morgan, CA, Muehleisen, TW, Nabulsi, L, Opel, N, de la Foz, VO-G, Overs, BJ, Paillere Martinot, M-L, Redlich, R, Marques, TR, Repple, J, Roberts, G, Roshchupkin, GV, Setiaman, N, Shumskaya, E, Stein, F, Sudre, G, Takahashi, S, Thalamuthu, A, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, van der Lugt, A, van Haren, NEM, Wardlaw, JM, Wen, W, Westeneng, H-J, Wittfeld, K, Zhu, AH, Zugman, A, Armstrong, NJ, Bonfiglio, G, Bralten, J, Dalvie, S, Davies, G, Di Forti, M, Ding, L, Donohoe, G, Forstner, AJ, Gonzalez-Penas, J, Guimaraes, JPOFT, Homuth, G, Hottenga, J-J, Knol, MJ, Kwok, JBJ, Le Hellard, S, Mather, KA, Milaneschi, Y, Morris, DW, Noethen, MM, Papiol, S, Rietschel, M, Santoro, ML, Steen, VM, Stein, JL, Streit, F, Tankard, RM, Teumer, A, van 't Ent, D, van der Meer, D, van Eijk, KR, Vassos, E, Vazquez-Bourgon, J, Witt, SH, Adams, HHH, Agartz, I, Ames, D, Amunts, K, Andreassen, OA, Arango, C, Banaschewski, T, Baune, BT, Belangero, SI, Bokde, ALW, Boomsma, DI, Bressan, RA, Brodaty, H, Buitelaar, JK, Cahn, W, Caspers, S, Cichon, S, Crespo-Facorro, B, Cox, SR, Dannlowski, U, Elvsashagen, T, Espeseth, T, Falkai, PG, Fisher, SE, Flor, H, Fullerton, JM, Garavan, H, Gowland, PA, Grabe, HJ, Hahn, T, Heinz, A, Hillegers, M, Hoare, J, Hoekstra, PJ, Ikram, MA, Jackowski, AP, Jansen, A, Jonsson, EG, Kahn, RS, Kircher, T, Korgaonkar, MS, Krug, A, Lemaitre, H, Malt, UF, Martinot, J-L, McDonald, C, Mitchell, PB, Muetzel, RL, Murray, RM, Nees, F, Nenadic, I, Oosterlaan, J, Ophoff, RA, Pan, PM, Penninx, BWJH, Poustka, L, Sachdev, PS, Salum, GA, Schofield, PR, Schumann, G, Shaw, P, Sim, K, Smolka, MN, Stein, DJ, Trollor, JN, van den Berg, LH, Veldink, JH, Walter, H, Westlye, LT, Whelan, R, White, T, Wright, MJ, Medland, SE, Franke, B, Thompson, PM, Hulshoff Pol, HE, Brouwer, RM, Klein, M, Grasby, KL, Schnack, HG, Jahanshad, N, Teeuw, J, Thomopoulos, SI, Sprooten, E, Franz, CE, Gogtay, N, Kremen, WS, Panizzon, MS, Olde Loohuis, LM, Whelan, CD, Aghajani, M, Alloza, C, Alanaes, D, Artiges, E, Ayesa-Arriola, R, Barker, GJ, Bastin, ME, Blok, E, Boen, E, Breukelaar, IA, Bright, JK, Buimer, EEL, Bulow, R, Cannon, DM, Ciufolini, S, Crossley, NA, Damatac, CG, Dazzan, P, de Mol, CL, de Zwarte, SMC, Desrivieres, S, Diaz-Caneja, CM, Doan, NT, Dohm, K, Froehner, JH, Goltermann, J, Grigis, A, Grotegerd, D, Han, LKM, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, Heany, SJ, Heindel, W, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hohmann, S, Ittermann, B, Jansen, PR, Janssen, J, Jia, T, Jiang, J, Jockwitz, C, Karali, T, Keeser, D, Koevoets, MGJC, Lenroot, RK, Malchow, B, Mandl, RCW, Medel, V, Meinert, S, Morgan, CA, Muehleisen, TW, Nabulsi, L, Opel, N, de la Foz, VO-G, Overs, BJ, Paillere Martinot, M-L, Redlich, R, Marques, TR, Repple, J, Roberts, G, Roshchupkin, GV, Setiaman, N, Shumskaya, E, Stein, F, Sudre, G, Takahashi, S, Thalamuthu, A, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, van der Lugt, A, van Haren, NEM, Wardlaw, JM, Wen, W, Westeneng, H-J, Wittfeld, K, Zhu, AH, Zugman, A, Armstrong, NJ, Bonfiglio, G, Bralten, J, Dalvie, S, Davies, G, Di Forti, M, Ding, L, Donohoe, G, Forstner, AJ, Gonzalez-Penas, J, Guimaraes, JPOFT, Homuth, G, Hottenga, J-J, Knol, MJ, Kwok, JBJ, Le Hellard, S, Mather, KA, Milaneschi, Y, Morris, DW, Noethen, MM, Papiol, S, Rietschel, M, Santoro, ML, Steen, VM, Stein, JL, Streit, F, Tankard, RM, Teumer, A, van 't Ent, D, van der Meer, D, van Eijk, KR, Vassos, E, Vazquez-Bourgon, J, Witt, SH, Adams, HHH, Agartz, I, Ames, D, Amunts, K, Andreassen, OA, Arango, C, Banaschewski, T, Baune, BT, Belangero, SI, Bokde, ALW, Boomsma, DI, Bressan, RA, Brodaty, H, Buitelaar, JK, Cahn, W, Caspers, S, Cichon, S, Crespo-Facorro, B, Cox, SR, Dannlowski, U, Elvsashagen, T, Espeseth, T, Falkai, PG, Fisher, SE, Flor, H, Fullerton, JM, Garavan, H, Gowland, PA, Grabe, HJ, Hahn, T, Heinz, A, Hillegers, M, Hoare, J, Hoekstra, PJ, Ikram, MA, Jackowski, AP, Jansen, A, Jonsson, EG, Kahn, RS, Kircher, T, Korgaonkar, MS, Krug, A, Lemaitre, H, Malt, UF, Martinot, J-L, McDonald, C, Mitchell, PB, Muetzel, RL, Murray, RM, Nees, F, Nenadic, I, Oosterlaan, J, Ophoff, RA, Pan, PM, Penninx, BWJH, Poustka, L, Sachdev, PS, Salum, GA, Schofield, PR, Schumann, G, Shaw, P, Sim, K, Smolka, MN, Stein, DJ, Trollor, JN, van den Berg, LH, Veldink, JH, Walter, H, Westlye, LT, Whelan, R, White, T, Wright, MJ, Medland, SE, Franke, B, Thompson, PM, and Hulshoff Pol, HE
Abstract: Human brain structure changes throughout the lifespan. Altered brain growth or rates of decline are implicated in a vast range of psychiatric, developmental and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we identified common genetic variants that affect rates of brain growth or atrophy in what is, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide association meta-analysis of changes in brain morphology across the lifespan. Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data from 15,640 individuals were used to compute rates of change for 15 brain structures. The most robustly identified genes GPR139, DACH1 and APOE are associated with metabolic processes. We demonstrate global genetic overlap with depression, schizophrenia, cognitive functioning, insomnia, height, body mass index and smoking. Gene set findings implicate both early brain development and neurodegenerative processes in the rates of brain changes. Identifying variants involved in structural brain changes may help to determine biological pathways underlying optimal and dysfunctional brain development and aging.
Published: 2022

50. Author Correction: Asymmetric thinning of the cerebral cortex across the adult lifespan is accelerated in Alzheimer’s disease (Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 1, (721), 10.1038/s41467-021-21057-y)

Author: Roe, JM, Vidal-Piñeiro, D, Sørensen, Ø, Brandmaier, AM, Düzel, S, Gonzalez, HA, Kievit, RA, Knights, E, Kühn, S, Lindenberger, U, Mowinckel, AM, Nyberg, L, Park, DC, Pudas, S, Rundle, MM, Walhovd, KB, Fjell, AM, Westerhausen, R, Masters, CL, Bush, AI, Fowler, C, Darby, D, Pertile, K, Restrepo, C, Roberts, B, Robertson, J, Rumble, R, Ryan, T, Collins, S, Thai, C, Trounson, B, Lennon, K, Li, QX, Ugarte, FY, Volitakis, I, Vovos, M, Williams, R, Baker, J, Russell, A, Peretti, M, Milicic, L, Lim, L, Rodrigues, M, Taddei, K, Taddei, T, Hone, E, Lim, F, Fernandez, S, Rainey-Smith, S, Pedrini, S, Martins, R, Doecke, J, Bourgeat, P, Fripp, J, Gibson, S, Leroux, H, Hanson, D, Dore, V, Zhang, P, Burnham, S, Rowe, CC, Villemagne, VL, Yates, P, Pejoska, SB, Jones, G, Ames, D, Cyarto, E, Lautenschlager, N, Barnham, K, Cheng, L, Hill, A, Killeen, N, Maruff, P, Silbert, B, Brown, B, Sohrabi, H, Savage, G, Vacher, M, Roe, JM, Vidal-Piñeiro, D, Sørensen, Ø, Brandmaier, AM, Düzel, S, Gonzalez, HA, Kievit, RA, Knights, E, Kühn, S, Lindenberger, U, Mowinckel, AM, Nyberg, L, Park, DC, Pudas, S, Rundle, MM, Walhovd, KB, Fjell, AM, Westerhausen, R, Masters, CL, Bush, AI, Fowler, C, Darby, D, Pertile, K, Restrepo, C, Roberts, B, Robertson, J, Rumble, R, Ryan, T, Collins, S, Thai, C, Trounson, B, Lennon, K, Li, QX, Ugarte, FY, Volitakis, I, Vovos, M, Williams, R, Baker, J, Russell, A, Peretti, M, Milicic, L, Lim, L, Rodrigues, M, Taddei, K, Taddei, T, Hone, E, Lim, F, Fernandez, S, Rainey-Smith, S, Pedrini, S, Martins, R, Doecke, J, Bourgeat, P, Fripp, J, Gibson, S, Leroux, H, Hanson, D, Dore, V, Zhang, P, Burnham, S, Rowe, CC, Villemagne, VL, Yates, P, Pejoska, SB, Jones, G, Ames, D, Cyarto, E, Lautenschlager, N, Barnham, K, Cheng, L, Hill, A, Killeen, N, Maruff, P, Silbert, B, Brown, B, Sohrabi, H, Savage, G, and Vacher, M
Abstract: In this article the affiliation details for Ulman Lindenberger were incorrectly given as ‘Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany’ but should have been ‘Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany’, ‘Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany’. The original article has been corrected.
Published: 2022

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