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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seedling stage is the most important stage of plant development and plays a critical role in the forest regeneration. Species composition, seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution of the tree seedlings in the 20 hm² Ailaoshan forest dynamic plot were studied. The forest dynamic plot was built in a mid-mountain moist evergreen broad- leaved forest in Ailaoshan. Within the plot, 450 seedling quadrats of size 1m x 1m were established. Species composition, seasonal recruitment, seasonal mortality and spatial distribution of tree seedlings were investigated for four years (from 2019 to 2022). The results were as follows: (1) A total of 2 928 seedlings of 58 species were recorded, belonging to 42 genera and 26 families. There were 817 recruits of 47 species and 1 181 dead seedlings of 50 species. (2) The importance values of tree seedlings varied among different tree species across years. Symplocos ramosissima and Machilus bombycina were the dominant species, with importance values consistently in the Top 2 in four years, while the importance value of the pioneer species Viburnum cyclindricum declined continuously. (3) Significant differences in species richness, average seedling species richness in quadrat, species diversity (Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index), seedling number, recruits, recruitment rate, mortality and mortality rate of tree seedlings were not found between different seasons. (4) The majority of species exhibited restricted distribution within the plot, only a few species displayed a broader distribution across the plot. Tree seedlings had higher species richness, density and diversity (Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index) in the flat topography compared to the ridge and valley of the plot. In conclusion, there are not significant differences in species composition, recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings between different seasons. Topography influences the spatial distribution and diversity of tree seedlings. The study reveals the dynamics of recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings, and provides the theoretical reference for biodiversity conservation and forest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements for plant growth and is a key factor in maintaining the productivity of subtropical forest ecosystems. Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is mainly distributed in subtropical areas of China, and its soil acidification and phosphorus utilization efficiency are low. It is of great significance to study the effects of Chinese fir plantation transformation on soil P for the stability of ecosystem and sustainable forest management. In this study, the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were collected from the replanted Chinese fir plantation, Castanopsis hystrix plantation, Mytilaria laosensis plantation and the mixed plantation of Castanopsis hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis on the cutting-blank of Chinese fir plantation in South Asia, and the effects of soil P component and transformation on the transformation of Chinese fir plantation into broad-leaved forest were studied. The results were as follows: (1) The content of microbial biomass phosphorus and the activity of acid phosphatase in rhizosphere and non- rhizosphere soil of the modified Castanopsis hystrix plantation, Mytilaria laosensis plantation and the mixed plantation of Castanopsis hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis were significantly higher than those of Chinese fir plantation. The contents soil total phosphorus of Castanopsis hystrix plantation and the mixed plantation of C. hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis were more easily converted to quick available phosphorus than those of Chinese fir plantation and M. laosensis plantation. (2) The contents of calcium chloride extraction phosphorus in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Castanopsis hystrix plantation and the mixed plantation of C. hystrix and Mytilaria laosensis were significantly higher than those of Chinese fir plantation and M. laosensis plantation, and the contents of enzyme extraction phosphorus, hydrochloric acid extraction phosphorus and citric acid extraction phosphorus in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of M. laosensis plantation and Castanopsis hystrix/Mytilaria laosensis mixed plantation were significantly higher than those of Chinese fir plantation and Castanopsis hystrix plantation. (3) RDA results showed that soil water content and microbial biomass carbon were the key factors regulating P components in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively. In summary, the transformation of Chinese fir plantation into broad-leaved forest is conducive to the storage and supply of forest soil P, and this study provides an important scientific reference for tree species selection and management strategies to improve soil P availability in south subtropical plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determining an appropriate grain size is crucial in landscape pattern analysis and ecological research. In order gain deeper insights into the spatial diversity and dynamic characteristics of landscape pattern, based on the survey data of the 12 hm² large plot in Jiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve in 2015 and 2020, the grain size effect of landscape indices in eight different landscape types within the range of 5-50 meters were analyzed; the variation coefficients were used to reveal the changing characteristics of different landscape pattern indices as the grain size increased, and the optimal grain size was selected based on the inflection points of changes in various landscape indices. The results were as follows: (1) Based on the importance value analysis, eight different landscape types were identified in the arbor layer of the plot, including forest gap, bamboo forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest, Pinus massoniana forest, broad-leaved forest, bamboo and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest, bamboo and Pinus massoniana mixed forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana mixed forest. (2) The overall distribution of patches in the landscape was relatively balanced, and the distribution pattern remained relatively stable. At larger spatial grain size, the aggregation of each landscape type increased, leading to a higher probability of landscape merging. In contrast, at smaller granularity, there was a noticeable trend of fragmentation in landscape types, providing a more comprehensive display of the quantity, density, and shape of each landscape type. Patch density (PD), number of patches (NP), edge density (ED), landscape shape index (LSI), mean fractal dimension index (FRAC_MN), contagion index (CONTAG) exhibited significant negative correlations with increasing grain size, while mean patch area (AREA_MN), Shannon's diversity index (SHDI), Shannon's evenness index (SHEI) exhibited significant positive correlations with increasing grain size. (3) The coefficients of variation for landscape indices PD, NP, ED, LSI, and AREA_MN were the highest, combining landscape structural stability and diversity, the changes in different landscape indices were primarily concentrated around the inflection point at 5 meters. These results illustrate the diversity of landscape types, with the coefficient of variation reflecting the most sensitive characteristics of landscape pattern changes. This study suggests that a grain size of 5 meters is optimal for studying the landscape pattern of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests in Guanshan, Jiangxi. This study provides favorable evidence for the restoration of forest resources and stand stucture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shiwandashan is one of the hotspots of biodiversity in Guangxi, and its main vegetation type is mountain evergreen broad-leaved forest. In order to understand the current community status and the development status of dominant species population structure of mountain evergreen broad-leaved forests in the region, this study was conducted in a fixed monitoring sample plot of 1 hm² established within the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the Shiwandashan. Woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm in the sample plot community were used as the research objects to analyze their species compositions, diameter class structures, tree height structures, and the spatial distribution patterns of dominant species using the g(r) function. The results were as follows: (1) There were 7 517 woody plants with DBH ≥ 1 cm in the community, belonging to 52 families, 108 genera and 153 species. The dominant species in the community were Clethra delavayi, Schima argentea, Hartia villosa, Castanopsis hystrix, Engelhardtia roxburghiana, Ardisia quinquegona, Itea chinensis, Symplocos adenophylla, Eurya subintegra, Ilex pubescens, but the dominant position of dominant species was not obvious. (2) The overall average DBH of the community was 5.51 cm, and the distribution of diameter class and tree height was approximately an inverted "J" shape. The diameter class distribution of dominant species was mostly an inverted "J" or "L" shape, and the community had a large number of small and medium-sized diameter class standing trees, indicating a strong self-renewal ability of the community. (3) Dominant species coexisted stably in the community; the dominant species exhibited aggregated distribution in the sample plot, but there were differences in the location of aggregated distribution among dominant species. Overall, the community is currently in a good state of renewal, with the existence of dominant species in the top level community. However, the community has certain secondary characteristics and has not yet reached a stable top level community state. The dominant species can coexist stably and have the potential to inherit towards a stable top level community. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to strengthen management and promote the renewal and survival of the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the Shiwandashan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatial structure evolution of forests in karst areas is a key scientific issue in global forest research. In order to explore the dynamics of spatial structure in karst evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, a study was conducted in Mulun National Nature Reserve, focusing on a fixed monitoring plot of 2 hm2. Based on data from three surveys conducted in 2007, 2012, and 2017, the dynamics of community spatial structure were analyzed using the spatial structure parameters, i. e., angular scale(Wi), mixing degree(Mi), and size ratio(Ui). The results were as follows:(1)The univariate distribution results of spatial structure parameters revealed that the forest structure gradually shifted towards a slightly clumped distribution state as the stand age increased between 2007 and 2017. The mixing degree was at a level of strong mixing and showed a tendency towards extreme mixing. In terms of the size ratio, the stand exhibited a moderate state, shifting towards subdominance as the stand grew.(2)The study of spatial structure for different diameter classes of trees showed that the anglular scale, size ratio, and mixing degree of trees in diameter classes 1-15 cm gradually increased with stand growth. As the diameter class increased, the values of the size ratio showed a decreasing trend while the mixing degree showed an increasing trend.(3)The study of spatial structure for dominant tree species revealed that, during the period from 2007 to 2017, all five dominant tree species groups exhibited a slightly clumped distribution. The size ratio showed a tendency towards subdominance and a moderate distribution state, while the mixing level was at a high degree and gradually shifted towards extreme mixing. In conclusion, the karst evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest in Mulun currently exhibits a slightly clumped distribution, a strong degree of mixing, and a tendency towards subdominance. The community is relatively stable, the stand regeneration is in good condition, and the forest is gradually transitioning towards a climax community. The analysis of the dynamic changes in vegetation structure in karst evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests is of great significance for predicting the future development and changes of forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed the diversity, composition, and distribution of bird species in patches of semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forest by selecting eight natural forest communities in the central Yunnan Plateau, which is a representative distribution area of semi-humid broad-leaved evergreen forest. Field observations were conducted from April to August 2023 by the sample line and sample point method, and eight survey routes of 3-4 km in length were established. The results showed that 1) A total of 1286 birds were recorded, belonging to 102 species in 7 orders and 30 families. The three most abundant families were Muscicapidae (14 species), Leiothrichidae (9 species), and Phylloscopidae (7 species); 2) Species of Oriental origin, Palaearctic origin, and widespread species accounted for 81.4%, 4.9%, and 13.7% of observations, respectively; 3) The average number of bird species surveyed in forest patches was 32.0±3.5; the Shannon index of birds was lower in secondary, semi-humid evergreen broad-leaved forests (1.536±0.110) than in primary forest communities (2.037±0.100); 4) Species composition exhibited considerable variation between patches, with the presence of dominant and common species, and the difference in rare species; 5) Considering the ecological groups of birds based on diet, invertebrate-eating and omnivorous birds, herbivorous birds, and carnivorous birds accounted for 84.3%, 11.8%, and 3.9%, respectively. The coexistence of birds with similar diets was maintained by diluting interspecific competition, mainly through partitioning of the vertical feeding space. For the conservation of bird species diversity and rare species, all patches of native semi-humid evergreenbroad-leaved forest are of conservation value.

In this study, the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest with structure and function protected well in the Ecological Botanical Garden of Yuxi City Center was taken as the study site;six nitrogen concentrations of 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 30 g / (m 2·a) N were employed as the experimental treatments, respectively;spray under the forest canopy was adopted for two years, and the 0-10 cm topsoil was collected to determine the soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen, labile organic carbon and its turnover rate, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. The study results showed that atmospheric nitrogen deposition with the medium and high concentrations apparently increased the content of soil total carbon and nitrogen, decreased the content and turnover rate of labile organic carbon, and reduced the content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, indicating that atmospheric nitrogen deposition with the medium and high concentrations could affect the process of soil carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle, expand the carrying capacity of soil carbon and nitrogen, change soil carbon components, delay the conversion process of soil carbon, and reduce the amount of soil microbial biomass of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. The correlation results of data analyses showed that a polynomial relationship between soil total carbon and atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentrations occurred, i. e., soil total carbon increased with the rise of atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentration, reached the maximum value at the 10 g / (m 2·a) N level [i. e., (31. 05±1. 94) g / kg], and then decreased with the continuing rise of atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentration;a positive linear correlation between soil total nitrogen and atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentration occurred, i. e., soil total nitrogen increased with the rise of atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentration;and soil labile organic carbon and its turnover rate, the content of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, respectively, showed a negative linear correlation with atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentration, i. e., they decreased with the rise of atmospheric nitrogen deposition concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis is the property of Editorial Office of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To investigate the effect of glucose addition on the dynamic process of soil CO2 emission and the mechanisms involved, subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest soil was used as the research object. The incubation experiments were conducted at a constant incubation temperature of 20 ℃ and a soil field water holding capacity of 60% by inputting different concentrations of glucose with a carbon content of 0, 50, 150, and 450 μg·g-1, labeled as CK, C1, C2, and C3 treatments, respectively. The results showed that soil CO2 emission rate and soil CO2 cumulative emission significantly increased following the C2 and C3 treatments（P＜0.05). The soil CO2 emission rate and soil CO2 cumulative emission significantly increased（P＜0.01) with increasing incubation time after 28 h for the C2 and C3 treatments. After more than 65 h of incubation time, the soil CO2 emission rate of the C1 treatment showed a significant decreasing trend with increasing incubation time（P＜0.01). Compared to CK soil C/N, the DOC content significantly increased with C3 treatment（P＜0.05). The soil CO2 emission rate was significantly and positively correlated with C/N and DOC content（P＜0.05). The effects of different concentrations of glucose additions on soil CO2 emissions were found to be different. In subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest soils, increased addition of glucose from root exudation may alter soil C and N content and increase CO2 emissions, thereby further accelerating soil carbon loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explain the difference of survival response of plants at different levels in evergreen broad-leaved forest to the Phyllostachys edulis expansion from the perspective of ecological stoichiometry homeostasis, this study used the method of space-time substitution, a typical P. edulis evergreen broad-leaved forest interface including P. edulis forest, P. edulis broad-leaved mixed forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest was selected in Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province. The N and P contents of soil and leaves of P. edulis, broad-leaved trees, shrubs and herbaceous layer plants in each forest were compared and analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)From bamboo forest to evergreen broad-leaved forest, the soil N content and N:P increased, while soil P content decreased; the leaf P contents of tree species(Machilus thunbergii, Alniphyllum fortunei and Daphniphyllum macropodum)decreased and the N:P increased. Unlike the trees, the leaf N and P stoichiometric characteristics of plants both in shrub and herbaceous layers showed no significant change, except the shrub tree Lindera erythrocarpa.(2)The soil N:P was positively correlated with the leaf N:P of trees, negatively correlated with that of shrubs and had no correlation with that of herbaceous plants, respectively.(3)The leaf N and P contents and N:P for P. edulis remained stable. In conclusion, P. edulis expansion changes plant leaf N and P stoichiometric characteristics by altering the soil N and P stoichiometric characteristics. Shrubs and herbaceous plants are less affected, however, it causes the imbalance of plant N and P stoichiometric characteristics of tree layer plants, which may be an important reason for the survival of tree species in evergreen broad-leaved forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forest Research is the property of Forest Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The plants that comprise the vegetation of Chinese subtropics are diverse with respect to geographical distribution patterns. Understanding how the plants with different geographical distribution patterns that live together in this region differ in their ecological niches, would advance our knowledge of species coexistence mechanisms. Here, based on the data of woody angiosperm community composition in eight broad-leaved forest dynamics plots widely distributed in the Chinese subtropics, by adopting statistical methods such as phylogenetic linear model and analysis of variance (ANOVA), we examined the differences in life history traits, including leaf habit and growth form, as well as ecological behaviors (i.e., Ellenberg indicator values), between the plants of temperate distribution pattern genera and the plants of tropical distribution pattern genera. The results were as follows: (1) For the 265 study genera, distribution pattern genus showed a significant phylogenetic signal (i.e., Pagel’s λ = 0.935, P＜ 0.001) . (2) The temperate distribution pattern genera comprised a higher ratio of deciduous broad-leaved plants and trees than the tropical distribution pattern genera, and there were more evergreen broad-leaved plants and shrub in tropical distribution pattern. (3) The plants of temperate distribution pattern genera exist in environments with high light, low temperature and water compared with the plants of tropical distribution pattern genera, regardless of the effects of leaf habit and growth form were controlled or not. (4) For all the plants, or for each leaf habit or growth form group separately, the ratio of species richness of the temperate distribution pattern genera to the tropical distribution pattern genera in the forest was controlled by mean annual temperature (MAT) . The findings imply that the plants of temperate and tropical distribution pattern genera differe in both their life history traits as well as their ecological behaviors, and the geographical turnover of plants of these two distribution patterns in the Chinese subtropical broad-leaved forests is largely controlled by MAT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Soil & Water Conservation (1009-2242) is the property of Institute of Soil & Water Conservation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rhizosphere effect of plants affects soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization. It is still unclear for the mechanism by which the rhizosphere effect of dominant plants in secondary broadleaved forest habitats invaded by moso bamboo affects SOC mineralization. Taking broadleaved tree species ( Quercus glauca and Cunninghamia lanceolata ) and moso bamboo, dominating respectively in uninvaded secondary broadleaved forest and bamboo forest formed after the invasion as test materials, we investigated rhizosphere effect of plants on the SOC mineralization in laboratory incubation experiments. The results showed that carbon mineralization rates of Phyllostachys edulis (PE), Quercus glauca (QG) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (CL) rhizosphere soils were 20%, 26%, and 21% higher than bulk soils, respectively. Carbon mineralization of bulk soils of QG and CL was 22% and 26% higher, while that of rhizosphere soils was 14% and 11% higher than PE, respectively. The contents of water-soluble organic carbon and organic carbon in rhizosphere soils of the three species were significantly higher than those of bulk soil, and the abundance of rhizosphere soil bacteria was higher than that of non-rhizosphere. The contents of microbial biomass carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, and total nitrogen were important factors influencing carbon mineralization in rhizosphere, while water-soluble organic carbon and microbial metabolic quotient were important factors influencing carbon mineralization in non-rhizosphere. On the whole, the rhizosphere effect increased total SOC mineralization, driving by changes in microbial biomass carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, and total nitrogen content. The results could provide a theoretical basis for plant-soil interaction on soil carbon cycling in bamboo invasion habitats.

The effects of different tree stands of Schima superba, Alnus formosana, and Castanopsis fissa on activated aluminum in acidic soils were evaluated in Jianyang District, Nanping City, Fujian Province, China. The contents of exchangeable aluminum, monomeric hydroxyl aluminum, acid soluble inorganic aluminum, and humic acid aluminum in rhizosphere and bulk soils of different stands were measured to compare the effects of different tree species on the content and proportion of activated aluminum in soil. The results showed that: compared with those in rhizosphere soils of S. superba and A. formosana, the contents of exchangeable aluminum in rhizosphere soils of C. fissa reduced by 54.48% and 38.93%, while those of monomeric hydroxyl aluminum increased by 47.43% and 32.56%, respectively. A. formosana had the highest content of acid-soluble inorganic aluminum in bulk soils among the three stands; in A. formosana stands, there were significant differences in the contents of hydroxyl aluminum, acid soluble inorganic aluminum, and humic acid aluminum between rhizosphere and bulk soils. There were also significant differences in exchange aluminum contents of S. superba stands and in acid-soluble inorganic aluminum contents of C. fissa stands, in rhizosphere and bulk soils; and the proportions of exchangeable aluminum and monomeric hydroxyl aluminum differed between the three stands, with the proportion of exchangeable aluminum content being in the order of S. superba> A. formosana > C. fissa, while that of monomeric hydroxyl aluminum content was in the order C. fissa> S. superba> A. formosana. Therefore, the contents of activated aluminum in soil were affected by the rhizosphere environment and tree stand types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Northwest A & F University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To understand the effect of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) expansion on the community structure and species diversity of different artificial forests, continuous ecological interfaces from a moso bamboo stand to a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) stand, and broad-leaved forest (dominated by Camptotheca acuminata+Sassafras tzumu) were selected to set transects. The results showed that the density of moso bamboo increased with the expansion to Chinese fir stand or broad-leaved forest, accompanied by an increase in bamboo density but a decreasein the original species. Bamboo expansion changed the community height and diameter at breast height (DBH) structures, such that the range of height in the community narrowed from 2-14 m in the Chinese fir stand and 6-20 m in the broad-leaved forest to 10-16 m in the bamboo stand, accounting for 91.79% and 80.45% of the total, respectively. In addition, the main range of DBH narrowed from 3-20 cm in the Chinese fir stand and 5-35 cm in the broad-leaved forest to 5-15 cm in the bamboo stand, accounting for 94.78% and 96.99% of the total, respectively. Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index of shrub and herb layers increased during the expansion of moso bamboo to C. lanceolata and broad-leavedforest.Species evenness and dominance of the shrub layer did not change significantly; however, species evenness of the herb layer increased. At the same time, the S?rensen index and Jaccard index of the herb layer were significantly higher than those of the shrub layer. The Cody index was lower in the herb layer than in the shrub layer in the Chinese fir forest expansion but was close to that in the broad-leaved forest expansion. Overall, our results indicate that bamboo expansion would further simplify the community structure of second forests, but increase species diversity in shrub and grass layers. The understory vegetation in the Chinese fir stand exhibited an obvious increasing species turnover rate during bamboo expansion, but this was different in the expansion to broad-leaved forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fourteen main tree species from typical natural broad-leaved stands in the mid-subtropical zone of the Jian’ou Wanmulin Provincial Nature Reserve were studied to reveal the characteristics and provide a typical reference for the tree height diameter ratio of main broad-leaved tree species for the sustainable management of artificial, semi-natural, and natural broad-leaved forests in mid-subtropical zones. The mean tree height diameter ratio, standard deviation, variation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, exponential function, and hyperbola equation were used to analyze the characteristics of the tree height diameter ratio of the main tree species in each storey (including three strata and the whole stand). The results showed that the mean and maximum values of the tree height diameter ratio of the main tree species of typical natural broad-leaved stands in the mid-subtropical zone decreased with increasing stratum height. The mean values were significantly (P＜0.05) or extremely significantly different (P＜0.01) among each stratum. The correlation between tree height to diameter ratio and diameter at breast-height (DBH) of the main tree species in each storey showed an extremely significant negative correlation (P＜0.01). The correlation coefficients of strata Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of the whole stand and stratum Ⅲ. The absolute values of the correlation coefficients were 0.806 1-0.895 3 for stratum Ⅰ, 0.788 2-0.964 3 for stratum Ⅱ, 0.419 0-0.809 1 for stratum Ⅲ, and 0.419 0-0.848 9 in the whole stand. The effects of the exponential and hyperbolic functions on the relationship between tree height diameter ratio and DBH of strata Ⅰ and Ⅱ of the main tree species were better than those of the whole stand and stratum Ⅲ. The R², Erms, and Ema of the main tree species in the whole stand and stratum Ⅲ were relatively high in the exponential function fitting, while those in strata Ⅰ and Ⅱ were relatively high in the hyperbolic fitting. The tree height to diameter ratio of the main tree species was not constant but varied with stratum and DBH. The characteristics of the tree height diameter ratio of each tree species can be expressed by the relationship curve between the tree height diameter ratio and the DBH of each stratum of the main tree species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The red band and the near-infrared band are often used as sensitive bands for remote sensing retrieval of forest stock volume, however the red edge band between the two is often ignored. To investigate whether the red edge band is sensitive to the accuracy of forest stock volume retrieval, the wide imagery data of GF-6 remote sensing satellite (GF-6 WFV), the DEM, the second survey data of forest resources in 2014 of Xining city were used, and the multiple linear regression model (MLR), the random forest regression model (RF) were employed. The predicting variables were collected from spectral characteristic, vegetation index, topographic factor and image texture. These variables were divided into two groups, the one is no red edge band (No Red-Edge), and the other is red edge band added (Red-Edge Added). The results show that: (1) the selected principal components which were derived from the texture variables of two groups by PCA method mainly explained the texture features of red, near-infrared and red-edge 1 band of the image. (2) Regarding the spectral variables, the surface reflectance of red and near-infrared band were selected because of the high correlation with the forest stock volume in No Red-Edge group, and in Red-Edge Added group, the surface reflectance of the red-edge 1 band was selected. Regarding the vegetation index variables, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) were selected in No Red-Edge group, and in Red-Edge Added group, the MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) was selected. (3) In Red-Edge Added group, the R² of the RF model is better than that of the MLR model, 0.6719 and 0.5487, respectively, and the root mean square error (RMSE) of the RF model is smaller than that of the MLR model, 26.3m³·ha−1 and 20.8m³·ha−1, respectively. (4) After eliminating the effect of the model on the accuracy of forest stock volume retrieval, the R² between the retrieval and the observed values in Red-Edge Added group increased by 11.6%, and the RMSE in Red-Edge Added group decreased by 9.1% compared to No Red-Edge group. Our results suggested that the red-edge band significantly improved the accuracy of the coniferous forest stock volume retrieval in Xining city. This study has high potential value in the remote sensing retrieval of forest stock volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant species can adapt to heterogeneous habitats through variations in functional traits. For the plants with different growth forms, how to adjust their phenotypes to adapt to the environment has been one of the core topics in ecology. To clarify the response mechanisms of plant species with different growth forms to heterogeneous habitats in south subtropical forests, we measured a total of eight functional traits involving four structural traits(leaf thickness, leaf length/width ratio, leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area)and four stoichiometric traits(leaf nitrogen content, leaf phosphorus content, SymboldA@ 13C and SymboldA@ 15N)of five dominant trees(2 canopy species and 3 understory species)and their diameter at breast height, in 27 quadrats(20 m × 20 m)at different elevations and convexity along three mountain ridges within the 20 hm2 south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest plot at Dinghu Mountain in Guangdong Province. We analyzed and compared the differences in responses of the canopy and understory species to different elevations and convexity in terms of functional traits. The results were as follows:(1)There existed some leaf functional traits in each tree species that were significantly correlated with altitude, but for convexity, only the leaf area of Cryptocarya chinensis was positively correlated with convexity and the leaf nitrogen content of Blastus cochinchinensis was negatively correlated with convexity.(2)Specific leaf area, leaf thickness and SymboldA@ 15N were generally more responsive to elevation, while leaf length/width ratio and leaf dry matter content were less responsive.(3)There were significant differences in specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content and leaf nitrogen content between canopy and understory tree species in heterogeneous habitats. Compared with canopy tree species, understory tree species had lower leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content and SymboldA@ 13C. Moreover, canopy and understory species responded to elevation and convexity to different extents, with understory species having more functional traits with significant differences in different types of habitats. The results indicate that the degree of response to the environment varied greatly between plants with different growth forms, i.e., the dominant understory tree species had greater plasticity in the heterogeneous habitats than the dominant canopy species in the forest plot. In addition, specific leaf area, leaf thickness and SymboldA@ 15N are important and effective traits indicating plant adaptation and responses to the environment in the south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explain the geographical displacement law and the dominant climate variables between humid evergreen broadleaved forests(HEBF)and semi-humid evergreen broadleaved forests(SHEBF), Cyclobalanopsis glauca and C. glaucoides were selected as research objects because the both species are the typical dominant tree species of the HEBF and SHEBF, then the specimens data of the both species and the 19 bio-climate variables map layer were collected to simulate their distribution area using MaxEnt model. Moreover, the niche differences were quantitatively analyzed by the kernel density analysis, discriminant function analysis(DFA)and analysis of variance(ANOVA)to reveal the dominant climate variables which affect the niche differentiation between the both species, then the geographical displacement law and the dominant climate variables between the HEBF and SHEBF were analyzed. The results were as follows:(1)The AUC values of C. glauca and C. glaucoides were 0.995 and 0.986 respectively, which accurately predicted the potential distribution of the both species; C. glauca was suitable for the subtropical and north-tropical regions of 20°to 30° N, but C. glaucoides was mainly distributed in subtropical area of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.(2)The results of DFA and ANOVA were consistent, and the mean diurnal range(bio2), isothermality(bio3)and the precipitation seasonality(bio15)were the climate variables that promoted the niche differentiation of the two species.(3)Kernel density analysis showed the mean diurnal range(bio2), isothermality(bio3)and temperature seasonality(bio4)were the dominant temperature variables affecting the niche differentiation of the both species; and the precipitation seasonality(bio15), annual precipitation(bio12), precipitation of the driest month(bio14), precipitation of the driest quarter(bio17)and precipitation of the coldest quarter(bio19)also significantly affected the niche differentiation of the both species. All the above results indicate that isothermality, the seasonal differences of temperature and precipitation are the main variables determining geographical displacement distribution of the HEBF and SHEBF from the niche simulation of C. glauca and C. glaucoides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mountain Research (10082786) is the property of Mountain Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis is the property of Editorial Office of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forest Research is the property of Forest Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

以样方法对不同资源位群落进行调查，通过计算群落的生态位宽度、生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠值，分析浙江省7个自然保护区18个常绿阔叶林的12个优势种的生态位特征，探讨了各优势种群在次生林和原生林中生态位宽度、相似性和重叠的差异，比较了乔木树种与小乔木或灌木生态位宽度的差异.结果表明：(1)浙江省各保护区的常绿阔叶林多以木荷或甜槠为建群种或共优种，具有典型的中亚热带常绿阔叶林生态位相似性比例高的特点，且生态位重叠程度较低；(2)次生林中各种群的生态位宽度明显高于原生林，原生林的生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠均高于次生林；(3)常绿阔叶林中小乔木或灌木的生态位宽度趋中，次生林的情况基本相似，而原生林中小乔木或灌木树种的生态位宽度在整个生态位宽度列表中位置提前了.

In order to better apply the light energy utilization model in subtropical evergreen coniferous forest areas, take Qianyanzhou, Taihe County, Jiangxi Province as an example, using satellite remote sensing data（GLASS LAI leaf area index product data set） from 2003 to 2005, MODIS surface reflectance product data set（MOD09 A1） and MODIS GPP product（MOD17 A2）) and China Terrestrial Ecosystem Flux Research Network（ChinaFLUX） the flux observation data of evergreen coniferous forests in Qianyanzhou, fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation（FPAR）, 7 kinds of moisture limitation factors（fθ） and 3 kinds of temperature limitation factors（ft） in the 13 different energy efficiency models were reconstructed. A better model combination was obtained by comparing the coefficient of determination and the root mean square error（RMSE） of the flux station observations with the estimated values of 273 model combinations. At the same time, the optimization model was used to estimate gross primary productivity（GPP） and conduct sensitivity analysis. The results showed that the optimal model combination obtained by optimizing: the photosynthetically active radiation absorption ratio expressed in EVI, the moisture influence factor fθ-3 PG in the 3 PG model, and the temperature influence factor ft-TEM in the TEM model（R²=0.86, RMSE=0.47 μmol/m²·s） had the best simulation effect. The GPP simulation values of the optimized model were better than MODIS terrestrial level four standard data products（MOD17 A2）. Sensitivity analysis resultsshowed that the maximum light quantum efficiency αmax,enhanced vegetation index（ EVI） and photosynthetically active radiation（ PAR） were the direct linear variables of the model and had the greatest impact. Other parameters were determined by the order from big to small was light and minimum temperature Tmin,photosynthetic optimum temperature Topt,monthly average temperature T,and photosynthetic maximum temperature Tmax. Therefore,the optimization model in this paper had strong practical significance and was of great significance to further improve the accuracy of GPP estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Northwest A & F University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

群落组成是影响森林演替方向的主要因素之一.浙江省地处我国东部，属典型亚热带气候，全省植被类型多样，物种组成丰富.为了更好地了解浙江省自然保护区内落叶阔叶林群落结构，于2012年在浙江清凉峰自然保护区(QLF)、浙江天目山自然保护区(TMS)、浙江龙王山自然保护区(LWS)、浙江九龙山自然保护区(JLS)、浙江大盘山自然保护区(DPS)5个自然保护区内选取并建立了 12个30 m×30 m不同落叶阔叶群落样地，对样地中胸径(DBH)≥1 cm的木本个体进行了坐标定位和每木调查.结果表明，12个样地内木本植物共计218种，隶属于46 科，103属，总计8 935株.各样地物种数由大到小依次为，LWS12、TMS31、QLF21、QLF22、JLS31、LWS22、TMS21、LWS31、JLS32、QLF12、DPS11、LWS11；从物种多度和重要值等指标来看，除DPS11群落具有比较明显的优势种以外，其余各群落内物种重要值分配较均匀；所有群落的区系成分以温带成分较多，原生林群落温带成分比例较次生林群落高，属的分布也更为相似；12个群落中除QLF22和DPS11中所有物种的径级分布分别呈“L”型和偏正态外，其余各群落的径级分布均呈倒“J”型，具有良好的更新性；相同树种在不同群落内的径级分布各不相同，表明群落类型与种群动态有密切关系.

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

基于浙江省天目山常绿阔叶林1 hm2样地调查数据，应用点格局方法分析了 3种优势种细叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis gracilis) 、杉木(Cryptomeria fortunei)、短尾柯(Lithocarpus brevicaudatus)的空间分布格局，对比了优势种不同生长阶段（幼苗、幼树、中树、大树）的空间分布格局以及不同生长阶段之间的空间关联性.结果表明：(1)3个主要优势种并未受到明显的生境异质性的影响，总体呈现随机分布格局，其中短尾柯由于具有较高的根蘖率，导致在中树种群阶段于2~10 m处呈现聚集分布；(2)3个主要优势种在不同生长阶段之间1~25 m尺度范围内总体表现为无关联性，其中幼树与幼苗在小尺度(1~3 m)上均表现为正相关，细叶青冈中树与大树阶段之间存在潜在的负相关趋势，杉木幼树与大树阶段存在潜在的正相关趋势；(3)3个优势种群在发育过程中均未明显受到密度制约造成的自疏效应的影响.