Developing Homogeneous TOEFL Scales by Multidimensional Scaling.

A recent multidimensional scaling analysis of the Test of English-as-a-Foreign-Language (TOEFL) item response data identified clusters of items in the test sections that, being more homogeneous than their parent sections, might be better for diagnostic use. The analysis was repeated using different scoring techniques. Results diverged only for high- and low-scoring examinees. (Author/JL)