Problem-Based Learning in Graduate and Undergraduate Chemistry Courses: Face-to-Face and Online Experiences

The problem-based learning (PBL) methodology has been applied in a set of chemistry courses at the University of Barcelona to determine the main factors that are relevant to a satisfactory application of this educational approach in different contexts (from undergraduate to master subjects). The exceptional situation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has also forced us to adapt this methodology from the traditional face-to-face modality to an online version. Thus, the resulting comparative study has allowed us to identify the main aspects of each subject, student background, and modality used, which are relevant to a satisfactory application of PBL. In general, the application of the PBL methodology using Moodle and BBCollaborate as live teaching platforms has a positive impact on student learning and satisfaction. Interestingly, although the face-to-face implementation is preferred to the online modality, students evaluate positively the application of online PBL with respect to the traditional online teaching. Thus, the intrinsic characteristics of PBL, which enhance the learning motivation with suitable problems to be solved in groups, makes this required collaborative work a key point to facilitate student learning.