The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Developing a Smart Campus with Its Four Pillars' Architectural Sketch

In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, educational institutions are at the forefront of integrating smart technologies, inspired by the broader concept of smart cities. The transition to smart campuses, exemplified by the Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P) case study, is gaining momentum. However, the blueprint for an ideal smart campus is still under exploration. While various studies have proposed innovative models, there's a need for a cohesive framework that can serve as a foundation for these campuses. The integration of the latest Information and Communication Technology for Education (ICTE) is crucial for the automation of campus facilities. Key technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, radio-frequency identification (RFID), and Augmented Reality (AR) are central to this transformation. This systematic review delves deep into these technologies, highlighting their collective role in shaping the future of smart campuses. Our research emphasizes that the success of a smart campus is not just about individual technologies but their synergistic application. Recognizing this, we introduce the "Four-Pillar Architectural Framework" for smart campus development, ensuring a holistic approach that encompasses all stakeholders in the educational ecosystem. This framework not only underscores the importance of each technology but also provides a structured approach to their integration. Our study's primary contribution is this architectural framework, which serves as a roadmap for future research and the development of intelligent systems that enhance the educational experience.