Information about Tummy Time in Infants Available on the Internet

Objective: This study evaluated Tummy Time recommendations in patient education materials and informal sources found on the Internet. Methods: Patient education materials, available from health professionals online, and informal sources, found outside of healthcare, were evaluated for consistency with evidence-informed recommendations. Patient education materials were also evaluated for readability and visual presentation. Results: Twelve sets of patient education materials were included in the top 20 search results. Only one of them addressed all the evidence-informed recommendations accurately. Fifty informal sources were included in analysis, ranging from search rank #1 to #57. Nearly half of the informal sources were judged fully consistent with evidence-informed recommendations. Counter to best practice recommendations, two-thirds of the patient education materials were written above the reading level expected of a student with no more than an elementary school education. All used strategies to enhance clarity, although none met all standards for visual presentation. Conclusion: Although some good resources are available, healthcare providers should exercise caution when selecting or recommending patient education materials online, even when they are available from healthcare professionals. Parents turning to the Internet will find accurate information. However, to develop a comprehensive understanding, they may need to visit multiple sites. Practice Implications: Healthcare professionals are responsible for providing or directing their clients to reliable, comprehensive sources of information, and for being aware of the quality of information they may discover through their own searches. Healthcare websites are responsible for communicating clearly and comprehensively with their clients and the public. Some parent education materials require revision for readability, formatting and consistency with Tummy Time recommendations.