The Relationship of Types of Exploration Activities with Originality of Visual Arts Designs

This study examines "specific" exploration activities in students' visual arts portfolios from secondary education. Creating original visual arts products requires exploration according to Getzels and Csiksentmihalyi ("The creative vision. A longitudinal study of problem finding in Art." New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1976). Obtaining insight about the contribution of "specific" exploration activities to the originality of arts products is important for designing and supporting learning in arts education. The aim of this study is to examine the contribution of activities within three types of exploration: "association," "combination," and "abstraction" to originality of visual arts designs. Data consist of 196 portfolio events showing exploration activities and art designs, from 11 Grade 11 visual arts students. Portfolio events were coded for three different types of exploration: "association," "combination," and "abstraction," on a dimension of ascending "abstractness." We coded activities within each of these types, on a scale of "remoteness," to determine the metaphorical distance. Visual originality of each portfolio event was assessed using the comparative judgment method. Multilevel regression analyses showed all three types of exploration significantly contributed to originality of visual designs. In total, 31% of the variance in originality at portfolio events level was explained by these types of exploration. In general, the more "remote" exploration activities were, the more "original" the visual design. These findings are discussed related to the literature on creative processes.