PBIS Implementation Fidelity and Student Outcomes in an Urban School District

The purpose of our study was to examine Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) implementation fidelity and student outcomes for secondary schools in a large, urban school district placed under a corrective action plan due to disproportionate suspension practices for students of color. Drawing upon data over a four-year period on PBIS implementation fidelity, discipline referrals, suspensions, and standardized test scores, we employed repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and revealed improved outcomes in the first year, but improvements did not continue over time. Additionally, academic outcomes did not show any significant increases. The study concludes with implications for policy, practice, and future research.