Mentoring in Action: The Efforts of Programs in New York City.

This descriptive study examines the operation of youth mentoring programs in New York City. In particular, the study maps the experiences of developing and operating youth mentoring programs as articulated by the organizers or directors of 21 such programs; reviews and analyzes the research and descriptions of mentoring programs nationally to provide a framework for understanding the goals and operating conditions of the programs; and develops an inventory of the concerns of the program developers and directors, drawing implications from program practice, public policy, and research. The bulk of the study is based on extended, open-ended interviews with program directors and others in supervisory or managerial roles. The research shows that: (1) mentoring is usually regarded as a one-to-one relationship between an adult and a youth that continues over time; (2) a wide range of perceptions of the goals of the mentoring relationship exists; and (3) good mentors have motivation, personal commitment, realistic or high expectations, flexibility, respect for the individual's right to make choices, firmness, supportive tendencies, and good listening skills. Specific recommendations are provided for supporting and improving mentoring programs. The 21 programs in the study and 14 references are listed. (JB)