Inclusive Lighting in Public SpacesChallenging European Standards

This master's thesis addresses the inclusion of individuals with visual impairments in European Outdoor Lighting Standards and practicalconsiderations for lighting designers, focusing particularly on nyctalopia (night blindness). Utilising the University Campus Hönggerberg of the SwissFederal Institute of Technology (ETH) as a case study, this thesis examines the current lighting situation and proposes improvements. The studyreveals a lack of empirical data guiding recommendations for individuals with visual impairments, leading to inadequacies in lighting design, notablyan uneven distribution of light and insufficient consideration for pedestrians with night blindness. Recommendations include implementing bollardlights, incorporating tactile markings, and prioritising glare reduction and uniform illumination. Drawing on the International Classification ofFunctioning (ICF), the thesis emphasises the need for inclusive design practices and public engagement to ensure equitable access to public spaces.Additionally, it highlights the importance of considering diverse disability needs and calls for further research to bridge gaps between photometry andlived experiences, ultimately promoting genuine inclusion in lighting design.