Integrated products biorefinery options within the Swedish pulp and paper industry: Current status

Pulp and paper manufacturing ranks as one of the most water and energy-intensive sectors globally, invariablyleading to significant environmental pollution e.g. issues related to air pollution and waste disposal. Also, asglobal competition intensifies, prices of forest products are expected to keep decreasing. To ensure their viability,traditional producers must augment their revenue streams by diversifying into the production of bioenergy andbiomaterials, alongside traditional wood, pulp, and paper products. A feasible solution is the integrated productsbiorefineries which provide a distinctive chance to pulp and paper industry to enhance revenues as well asreduce their environmental impact. Since pulp and paper stands as the predominant industry in Sweden, thisreview article explores the emerging biorefinery process options and main technological pathways beingdeveloped within Swedish pulp and paper mills. It also delves into the significant challenges that are beingencountered in this evolving landscape and what possibilities lie ahead for responsible and sustainable pulp andpaper operations.