Function and Therapeutic Potential of Non-Coding RNA in Ameloblastoma

Xu Huang,* Feihan Gu,* Mingyu Zhao, Wenkai Huang, Wenjia Han, Ran Chen, Yuanyin Wang College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ran Chen; Yuanyin Wang, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, 230032, People’s Republic of China, Email ahmuchenran@163.com; wyy1970548@sohu.comAbstract: Ameloblastoma (AB) is a common odontogenic tumor that develops in the mouth. Despite its benign nature, AB exhibits significant invasiveness leading to tumor metastasis and high postoperative recurrence rates. Studies have shown a relationship between the occurrence and development of various tumors and non-coding RNA (ncRNA). NcRNA, transcribed from the genomes of mammals and other complex organisms, are often products of alternative splicing and processing into smaller products. MicroRNA (miRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are the main types of ncRNA. NcRNA play increasingly significant roles in the pathogenesis of human cancers, regulating their occurrence and progression as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. They are involved in tumor development and progression through alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, transcriptional regulation, mRNA stability, protein translation, and chromatin remodeling and modification. The importance of ncRNA in AB has received significant attention in recent years. However, the biological functions and mechanisms of ncRNA in AB remain largely unknown. In this review, we not only explore the functions and roles of ncRNA in AB, but also describe and envision their potential functional roles as biomarkers in AB diagnosis. In particular, we highlight the potential of miR-29a as a molecular m