Synthesis and characterizations of nanocarbon

Nanocarbons have become increasingly relevant in the field of energy storage due to their diverse properties, which make them suitable for use in a variety of devices such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. The properties of carbon-based materials are heavily influenced by the choice of precursor, process conditions, and reactor type used in their synthesis. Thus, understanding the interplay between these factors is crucial for designing carbon-based energy storage materials with tailored performance characteristics. This chapter provides an overview of the latest and traditional technologies used to obtain nanocarbon materials, including innovative approaches like reactors that use concentrated solar energy and traditional methods like tubular furnaces. We also outline the common methodologies used to synthesize diverse nanocarbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nanoporous carbons. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the techniques commonly used to characterize nanocarbon materials and evaluate their properties. These techniques include surface area measurement, determination of chemical composition, evaluation of the degree of order/disorder, identification of functional groups on the surface, and electrochemical characterization for energy storage applications, among others.