Complicaciones de COVID-19 en pacientes receptores de trasplante renal: Una revisión de la literatura reciente

COVID-19 does not have a predilection for specific population groups, however, there are certain predisposing factors that increase the likelihood of developing severe clinical symptoms. These factors include people over 60 years old and those who have underlying medical conditions such as high blood pressure, heart or lung problems, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and immunosuppression. Patients who have received a kidney transplant are in this last group and have a higher mortality rate and more complications compared to the rest of the population due to their compromised immune system. The objective of this review is to describe the complications generated by COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients by conducting a bibliographic review of COVID-19 complications in kidney transplant recipients through PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, establishing quality criteria based on SCImago Journal. In total, 351 articles were found between systematic reviews and meta-analyses between 2020 and 2022, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected for inclusion in this research work. After an exhaustive review of the articles and the respective analysis of each one, we concluded that the complications of kidney transplant recipients infected with COVID-19 include ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), AKI (acute kidney injury), coinfections, graft rejection, and cardiovascular complications, which considerably increase the mortality rate in this population group