Kriptosporiodioza divljih svinja - potencijalni izvor infekcije za domaće svinje

Kriptosporidioza je protozoarna antropozoonoza uzrokovana kokcidijom Cryptosporidium spp. S obzirom da se klinički manifestuje kod prasadi ona prestavlja značaj zdravstveni problem u nastanku kompleksa neonatalne enteropatije prasadi. U Srbiji je kriptosporidioza prasadi prvi put ustanovljena od strane Pavlovića i sar. tokom 1995.godine. Istraživanja divljih svinja su kasnije otpočela i najviše su rađena u Evropi. Ispitivanja vezana za staropst i prevalencu kriptosporidijalnih infekcija kod divljih svinja su pokazala da se prijemčivost prasadi prema ovoj infekciji javlja već u 15-om danu starosti što je mnogo ranije nego kod domaćih svinja. Takođe, patogeni učinak i mortalitet u prirodnim uslovima je neuporedivo manji u odnosu na farme a klinički manifestna obolenja su izuzetno retka. U sadašnjoj intenciji da se organska proizvodnja (slobodno držanje) i poluslobodno držanje uvede u svinjarsku proizvodnju stvaraju se uslovi kontakta između divljih svija i domaćih svinjana tim prostorima. Zato je za očekivati unakrsnu infekciju kriptosporidijama koja je postala veliki problem intenzivnog svinjarstva a sada se uspešno implementirala u populaciju divljih svinja.
Cryptosporidiosis is a protozoan anthropozoonosis caused by the coccidia Cryptosporidium spp. Since it is clinically manifested in piglets, it represents a significant health problem in the development of neonatal enteropathy complex in piglets. In Serbia, cryptosporidiosis of piglets was first established by Pavlović et al. during 1995. Research on wild boars started later and was mostly done in Europe. Studies related to the age and prevalence of cryptosporidial infections in feral pigs have shown that susceptibility of piglets to this infection occurs as early as 15 days of age, which is much earlier than in domestic pigs. Also, the pathogenic effect and mortality in natural conditions is incomparably lower in relation to farms, and clinically manifest diseases are extremely rare. In the current intention to introduce organic production (free keeping) and semi-free keeping in pig production, conditions of contact are being created between wild boars and domestic pigs in those areas. Therefore, cross-infection with cryptosporidia, which has become a major problem in intensive pig farming and is now successfully implemented in the feral pig population, is to be expected.