Metodología para la restauración de redes de distribución de energía eléctrica radiales

The economic and social impact caused by outages in electricity supply, both for electric utilities and consumers, can reach significant figures in extreme situations. Therefore, improving service continuity is a constant priority for electric distribution network operators, even if they meet the reliability standards established by regulations. An effective service restoration strategy can reduce the impact of interruptions and substantially improve the reliability of the distribution system. Therefore, having a methodology for optimal restoration is essential for distribution companies as it helps them operate their networks efficiently and achieve both functional and economic objectives. In this work, a methodology based on a mathematical model is proposed to restore electric supply in distribution systems after a permanent fault. The objectives of this model are to minimize the out of service load and reduce the number of switching operations required to restore the network. During this process, the physical constraints of the system are considered, such as permissible voltage levels, the load-carrying capacity of primary lines and substations, and the network topology. This ensures that the solutions found by the model are operationally feasible. To validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the methodology, simulations were conducted using a real distribution system, exploring various fault scenarios in the system. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed methodology is a valuable tool for planning and designing effective restoration strategies in real distribution systems. This provides a solid foundation for decision-making in emergency situations.