Potential Impact of Electric Vehicles Connected to the Grid-A Pre-Study for the Swedish Power System

In the year 2022 Sweden registered close to 5 million vehicles. According to the Power Circle report of 2021, the growth rate that year for the usage of Electric vehicles (EVs) was a steady 82 percent. Sweden is on the brink of an energy crisis, the electricity demand is increasing by the day, and expanding the generation portfolio is a challenging task both logistically and from the perspective of the swiftness with which this energy crisis should be handled. This paper tries to analyze the potential of this Vehicle to Grid(V2G) technology by creating an analytical scenario to quantify the amount of energy that can be injected into the grid if all the power generation is shut down and the country has to survive on the power pushed back by the EVs into the grid assuming that reactive power compensation is present to maintain the stability of the grid. The paper presents analytical calculations on the number of hours the current EV fleet can help sustain the grid in case of a blackout. The results obtained can be utilized for the modeling of emergency plans in grid operation in case of a partial failure.
QC 20240229 Part of ISBN 979-8-3503-9678-2