Mejora aerodinámica de un alerón trasero de Fórmula 1 mediante protuberancias en la geometría del extradós

In the automotive world, one of the key concepts at the time of the study is the aerodynamics of the vehicle. Within this sector, Formula 1 racing cars in particular, are the most demanding when it comes to complying with good aerodynamics to achieve the highest possible efficiency and thus achieve high speeds with good grip to the ground. The objective of the TFG is based on the aerodynamic study of the NACA0012 profile as a simplified model of a wing of a formula 1 car, which is subject to geometric variations in the suction surface of the profile. Specifically, two types of modifications will be applied: one will be based on the use of humps, while the other will be based on the use of dimples. Both types will deal with different aspects of the design to be studied, as well as the position and depth, as well as the angle of attack of the wing. Once the designs with the desired changes in the surface of the extraction are obtained, they will be analyzed by 3D simulations with the software "OpenFOAM" to study its aerodynamics through the results and determine whether the modifications applied in the profile help to improve its efficiency. After analyzing the values obtained in the simulations, it is concluded that none of the new modifications help to improve the aerodynamic profile. The added protuberances are extended along the spanwise direction, that is, they are not 3D protuberances, with the use of 3D protuberances, the three-dimensional effects they would cause could be very different from those obtained.
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