MERLINS : moving target defense enhanced with deep-RL for NFV in-depth security

Moving to a multi-cloud environment and service-based architecture, 5G and future 6G networks require additional defensive mechanisms to protect virtualized network resources. This paper presents MERLINS, a novel architecture generating optimal Moving Target Defense (MTD) policies for proactive and reactive security of network slices. By formally modeling telecommunication networks compliant with Network Function Virtualization (NFV) into a multi-objective Markov Decision Process (MOMDP), MERLINS uses deep Reinforcement Learning (deep-RL) to optimize the MTD strategy that considers security, network performance, and service level requirements. Practical experiments on a 5G testbed showcase the feasibility as well as restrictions of MTD operations and the effectiveness in mitigating malware infections. It is observed that multi-objective RL (MORL) algorithms outperform state-of-the-art deep-RL algorithms that scalarize the reward vector of the MOMDP. This improvement by a factor of two leads to a better MTD policy than the baseline static counterpart used for the evaluation.