Polazišta, kriterijumi i rezultati rekultivacije prostora degradiranog površinskom eksploatacijom uglja u Poljskoj

Starting with a review of brown coal exploitation capacities in Poland, firstly it was pointed out to limitations on further development of the mining-energy complex, which derive from its multiple adverse impacts on the environment, among which the CO2 emissions as well as the slowdown in financing the geological explorations have presently been given the key importance. Successful dealing with other ecological issues, which in Poland have been linked to surface overburden in coal mines, has been greatly influenced by a consistent law regulation on recultivation of degraded areas. In addition, some conceptual postulates on recultivation are addressed here since in the last half a century they have evolved from the attempts to bring a degraded soil back to previously dominant agricultural use into alternative ways for adaptation of the post-mining landscapes according to the socioeconomic needs, natural limitations, and technical and technology potentials at the location. In such context, there have been brought forward the criteria and indicators which have been lately applied in the selection process of the best recultivation use, and which involve public participation. Concluding remarks point to the instructive role of polish recultivation experience for dealing with a number of spatial development problems which may occur in the great mining basins of Serbia.