Strong maximum principle and boundary estimates for nonhomogeneous elliptic equations

We give a simple proof of the strong maximum principle for viscosity subsolutions of fully nonlinear nonhomogeneous degenerate elliptic equations on the formF(x, u, Du, D2u) = 0 under suitable assumptions allowing for non-Lipschitz growth in the gradient term. In case of smooth boundaries, we also prove a Hopf lemma, a boundary Harnack inequality, and that positive viscosity solutions vanishing on a portion of the boundary are comparable with the distance function near the boundary. Our results apply, e.g., to weak solutions of an eigenvalue problem for the variable exponent p-Laplacian.