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Temperature Structure in the Perseus Cluster Core Observed with Hitomi

Authors :
Hitomi Collaboration
Aharonian, Felix
Akamatsu, Hiroki
Akimoto, Fumie
Allen, Steven W.
Angelini, Lorella
Audard, Marc
Awaki, Hisamitsu
Axelsson, Magnus
Bamba, Aya
Bautz, Marshall W.
Blandford, Roger
Brenneman, Laura W.
Brown, Gregory V.
Bulbul, Esra
Cackett, Edward M.
Chernyakova, Maria
Chiao, Meng P.
Coppi, Paolo S.
Costantini, Elisa
de Plaa, Jelle
de Vries, Cor P.
Herder, Jan-Willem den
Done, Chris
Dotani, Tadayasu
Ebisawa, Ken
Eckart, Megan E.
Enoto, Teruaki
Ezoe, Yuichiro
Fabian, Andrew C.
Ferrigno, Carlo
Foster, Adam R.
Fujimoto, Ryuichi
Fukazawa, Yasushi
Furukawa, Maki
Furuzawa, Akihiro
Galeazzi, Massimiliano
Gallo, Luigi C.
Gandhi, Poshak
Giustini, Margherita
Goldwurm, Andrea
Gu, Liyi
Guainazzi, Matteo
Haba, Yoshito
Hagino, Kouichi
Hamaguchi, Kenji
Harrus, Ilana M.
Hatsukade, Isamu
Hayashi, Katsuhiro
Hayashi, Takayuki
Hayashida, Kiyoshi
Hiraga, Junko S.
Hornschemeier, Ann
Hoshino, Akio
Hughes, John P.
Ichinohe, Yuto
Iizuka, Ryo
Inoue, Hajime
Inoue, Yoshiyuki
Ishida, Manabu
Ishikawa, Kumi
Ishisaki, Yoshitaka
Iwai, Masachika
Kaastra, Jelle
Kallman, Tim
Kamae, Tsuneyoshi
Kataoka, Jun
Kato, Yuichi
Katsuda, Satoru
Kawai, Nobuyuki
Kelley, Richard L.
Kilbourne, Caroline A.
Kitaguchi, Takao
Kitamoto, Shunji
Kitayama, Tetsu
Kohmura, Takayoshi
Kokubun, Motohide
Koyama, Katsuji
Koyama, Shu
Kretschmar, Peter
Krimm, Hans A.
Kubota, Aya
Kunieda, Hideyo
Laurent, Philippe
Lee, Shiu-Hang
Leutenegger, Maurice A.
Limousin, Olivier
Loewenstein, Michael
Long, Knox S.
Lumb, David
Madejski, Greg
Maeda, Yoshitomo
Maier, Daniel
Makishima, Kazuo
Markevitch, Maxim
Matsumoto, Hironori
Matsushita, Kyoko
McCammon, Dan
McNamara, Brian R.
Mehdipour, Missagh
Miller, Eric D.
Miller, Jon M.
Mineshige, Shin
Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
Miyazawa, Takuya
Mizuno, Tsunefumi
Mori, Hideyuki
Mori, Koji
Mukai, Koji
Murakami, Hiroshi
Mushotzky, Richard F.
Nakagawa, Takao
Nakajima, Hiroshi
Nakamori, Takeshi
Nakashima, Shinya
Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
Nobukawa, Kumiko K.
Nobukawa, Masayoshi
Noda, Hirofumi
Odaka, Hirokazu
Ohashi, Takaya
Ohno, Masanori
Okajima, Takashi
Ota, Naomi
Ozaki, Masanobu
Paerels, Frits
Paltani, Stéphane
Petre, Robert
Pinto, Ciro
Porter, Frederick S.
Pottschmidt, Katja
Reynolds, Christopher S.
Safi-Harb, Samar
Saito, Shinya
Sakai, Kazuhiro
Sasaki, Toru
Sato, Goro
Sato, Kosuke
Sato, Rie
Sawada, Makoto
Schartel, Norbert
Serlemtsos, Peter J.
Seta, Hiromi
Shidatsu, Megumi
Simionescu, Aurora
Smith, Randall K.
Soong, Yang
Stawarz, Łukasz
Sugawara, Yasuharu
Sugita, Satoshi
Szymkowiak, Andrew
Tajima, Hiroyasu
Takahashi, Hiromitsu
Takahashi, Tadayuki
Takeda, Shiníchiro
Takei, Yoh
Tamagawa, Toru
Tamura, Takayuki
Tanaka, Takaaki
Tanaka, Yasuo
Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.
Tashiro, Makoto S.
Tawara, Yuzuru
Terada, Yukikatsu
Terashima, Yuichi
Tombesi, Francesco
Tomida, Hiroshi
Tsuboi, Yohko
Tsujimoto, Masahiro
Tsunemi, Hiroshi
Tsuru, Takeshi Go
Uchida, Hiroyuki
Uchiyama, Hideki
Uchiyama, Yasunobu
Ueda, Shutaro
Ueda, Yoshihiro
Uno, Shiníchiro
Urry, C. Megan
Ursino, Eugenio
Watanabe, Shin
Werner, Norbert
Wilkins, Dan R.
Williams, Brian J.
Yamada, Shinya
Yamaguchi, Hiroya
Yamaoka, Kazutaka
Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
Yamauchi, Makoto
Yamauchi, Shigeo
Yaqoob, Tahir
Yatsu, Yoichi
Yonetoku, Daisuke
Zhuravleva, Irina
Zoghbi, Abderahmen
Hitomi Collaboration
Aharonian, Felix
Akamatsu, Hiroki
Akimoto, Fumie
Allen, Steven W.
Angelini, Lorella
Audard, Marc
Awaki, Hisamitsu
Axelsson, Magnus
Bamba, Aya
Bautz, Marshall W.
Blandford, Roger
Brenneman, Laura W.
Brown, Gregory V.
Bulbul, Esra
Cackett, Edward M.
Chernyakova, Maria
Chiao, Meng P.
Coppi, Paolo S.
Costantini, Elisa
de Plaa, Jelle
de Vries, Cor P.
Herder, Jan-Willem den
Done, Chris
Dotani, Tadayasu
Ebisawa, Ken
Eckart, Megan E.
Enoto, Teruaki
Ezoe, Yuichiro
Fabian, Andrew C.
Ferrigno, Carlo
Foster, Adam R.
Fujimoto, Ryuichi
Fukazawa, Yasushi
Furukawa, Maki
Furuzawa, Akihiro
Galeazzi, Massimiliano
Gallo, Luigi C.
Gandhi, Poshak
Giustini, Margherita
Goldwurm, Andrea
Gu, Liyi
Guainazzi, Matteo
Haba, Yoshito
Hagino, Kouichi
Hamaguchi, Kenji
Harrus, Ilana M.
Hatsukade, Isamu
Hayashi, Katsuhiro
Hayashi, Takayuki
Hayashida, Kiyoshi
Hiraga, Junko S.
Hornschemeier, Ann
Hoshino, Akio
Hughes, John P.
Ichinohe, Yuto
Iizuka, Ryo
Inoue, Hajime
Inoue, Yoshiyuki
Ishida, Manabu
Ishikawa, Kumi
Ishisaki, Yoshitaka
Iwai, Masachika
Kaastra, Jelle
Kallman, Tim
Kamae, Tsuneyoshi
Kataoka, Jun
Kato, Yuichi
Katsuda, Satoru
Kawai, Nobuyuki
Kelley, Richard L.
Kilbourne, Caroline A.
Kitaguchi, Takao
Kitamoto, Shunji
Kitayama, Tetsu
Kohmura, Takayoshi
Kokubun, Motohide
Koyama, Katsuji
Koyama, Shu
Kretschmar, Peter
Krimm, Hans A.
Kubota, Aya
Kunieda, Hideyo
Laurent, Philippe
Lee, Shiu-Hang
Leutenegger, Maurice A.
Limousin, Olivier
Loewenstein, Michael
Long, Knox S.
Lumb, David
Madejski, Greg
Maeda, Yoshitomo
Maier, Daniel
Makishima, Kazuo
Markevitch, Maxim
Matsumoto, Hironori
Matsushita, Kyoko
McCammon, Dan
McNamara, Brian R.
Mehdipour, Missagh
Miller, Eric D.
Miller, Jon M.
Mineshige, Shin
Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
Miyazawa, Takuya
Mizuno, Tsunefumi
Mori, Hideyuki
Mori, Koji
Mukai, Koji
Murakami, Hiroshi
Mushotzky, Richard F.
Nakagawa, Takao
Nakajima, Hiroshi
Nakamori, Takeshi
Nakashima, Shinya
Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
Nobukawa, Kumiko K.
Nobukawa, Masayoshi
Noda, Hirofumi
Odaka, Hirokazu
Ohashi, Takaya
Ohno, Masanori
Okajima, Takashi
Ota, Naomi
Ozaki, Masanobu
Paerels, Frits
Paltani, Stéphane
Petre, Robert
Pinto, Ciro
Porter, Frederick S.
Pottschmidt, Katja
Reynolds, Christopher S.
Safi-Harb, Samar
Saito, Shinya
Sakai, Kazuhiro
Sasaki, Toru
Sato, Goro
Sato, Kosuke
Sato, Rie
Sawada, Makoto
Schartel, Norbert
Serlemtsos, Peter J.
Seta, Hiromi
Shidatsu, Megumi
Simionescu, Aurora
Smith, Randall K.
Soong, Yang
Stawarz, Łukasz
Sugawara, Yasuharu
Sugita, Satoshi
Szymkowiak, Andrew
Tajima, Hiroyasu
Takahashi, Hiromitsu
Takahashi, Tadayuki
Takeda, Shiníchiro
Takei, Yoh
Tamagawa, Toru
Tamura, Takayuki
Tanaka, Takaaki
Tanaka, Yasuo
Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.
Tashiro, Makoto S.
Tawara, Yuzuru
Terada, Yukikatsu
Terashima, Yuichi
Tombesi, Francesco
Tomida, Hiroshi
Tsuboi, Yohko
Tsujimoto, Masahiro
Tsunemi, Hiroshi
Tsuru, Takeshi Go
Uchida, Hiroyuki
Uchiyama, Hideki
Uchiyama, Yasunobu
Ueda, Shutaro
Ueda, Yoshihiro
Uno, Shiníchiro
Urry, C. Megan
Ursino, Eugenio
Watanabe, Shin
Werner, Norbert
Wilkins, Dan R.
Williams, Brian J.
Yamada, Shinya
Yamaguchi, Hiroya
Yamaoka, Kazutaka
Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
Yamauchi, Makoto
Yamauchi, Shigeo
Yaqoob, Tahir
Yatsu, Yoichi
Yonetoku, Daisuke
Zhuravleva, Irina
Zoghbi, Abderahmen
Publication Year :
2017

Abstract

The present paper investigates the temperature structure of the X-ray emitting plasma in the core of the Perseus cluster using the 1.8--20.0 keV data obtained with the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the Hitomi Observatory. A series of four observations were carried out, with a total effective exposure time of 338 ks and covering a central region $\sim7'$ in diameter. The SXS was operated with an energy resolution of $\sim$5 eV (full width at half maximum) at 5.9 keV. Not only fine structures of K-shell lines in He-like ions but also transitions from higher principal quantum numbers are clearly resolved from Si through Fe. This enables us to perform temperature diagnostics using the line ratios of Si, S, Ar, Ca, and Fe, and to provide the first direct measurement of the excitation temperature and ionization temperature in the Perseus cluster. The observed spectrum is roughly reproduced by a single temperature thermal plasma model in collisional ionization equilibrium, but detailed line ratio diagnostics reveal slight deviations from this approximation. In particular, the data exhibit an apparent trend of increasing ionization temperature with increasing atomic mass, as well as small differences between the ionization and excitation temperatures for Fe, the only element for which both temperatures can be measured. The best-fit two-temperature models suggest a combination of 3 and 5 keV gas, which is consistent with the idea that the observed small deviations from a single temperature approximation are due to the effects of projection of the known radial temperature gradient in the cluster core along the line of sight. Comparison with the Chandra/ACIS and the XMM-Newton/RGS results on the other hand suggests that additional lower-temperature components are present in the ICM but not detectable by Hitomi SXS given its 1.8--20 keV energy band.<br />Comment: 29 pages, 19 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in PASJ

Details

Database :
OAIster
Publication Type :
Electronic Resource
Accession number :
edsoai.on1363488890
Document Type :
Electronic Resource
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093.pasj.psy004