Factores de riesgo de la luxación congénita de cadera en niños/as de 0 a 9 años del Centro Provincial de Neurodesarrollo integral, Cuenca, 2012

Objective: Determine the risk factors of hip dislocation congenital in children of 0 to 9 years attending the Centro Provincial de Neurodesarrollo Integral (CEPRONDI). Methods: We conducted a case – control study, the universe consisted of 1200 children of 0 – 9 years with hip dislocation congenital, attending the Centro Provincial de Neurodesarrollo Integral. The total sample size was 310 children (155 with hip dislocation congenital and 155 without hip dislocation congenital), with a confidence interval of 95% and significance level of 0.05%. We identified hip dislocation congenital in children by the following risk factors: family history, breech presentation and pelvic disproportion - fetal. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.20, Excel and Minitab v.15. For the description of qualitative variables was calculated frequencies and percentages and inferential statistical analysis we used chi-square test for difference of proportions and multiple regression to identify the main causes that influence mostly in this problem. Results: The incidence of hip dislocation congenital in children with developmental disorders in the CEPRONDI is 18.10%, it was shown that the risk factors are related to the family history of hip dislocation congenital, birth weight and multiple pregnancy because had higher statistical significance of a p_Valor of 0.000 first two and 0.003 the last, whereas it was demonstrated that the pelvic – fetal disproportion and sex have less statistical significance.