Hypnotherapy for Procedural Pain and Distress in Children: A Scoping Review Protocol

OBJECTIVE: Inadequately treated pain and distress elicited by medical procedures can put children at higher risk of acute and chronic biopsychosocial sequelae. Children can benefit from hypnotherapy, a psychologically tailored intervention, as an adjunct to pharmacological agents to address the multiple components of pain and distress. Despite providing evidence on the effectiveness and potential superiority of hypnotherapy to other psychological interventions, research on hypnotherapy for pediatric procedural pain and distress has been predominantly limited to oncology and needle procedures. Plus, there is a lack of reporting of intervention manuals, factors influencing hypnotic responding, pain unpleasantness outcomes, theoretical frameworks, adverse events, as well as barriers and facilitators to the feasibility of delivering the intervention and study procedures. The proposed review aims to map the range and nature of the evidence on hypnotherapy for procedural pain and distress in children to identify gaps in literature and areas requiring further investigation. METHODS: This review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) methodology and incorporate additional scoping review recommendations by the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. Relevant studies will be identified through searching published literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science) and grey literature in addition to hand-searching of reference lists and key journals. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts of search results followed by full-texts review against eligibility criteria. CONCLUSION: Findings are anticipated to guide future research and inform the development of tailored hypnotic interventions in children.