A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Symptom Management Education Package (SMEP) for People with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

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Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Griffith Health
More people die of cardiovascular disease in Australia than from any other condition. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is the acute event of the chronic condition coronary heart disease (CHD) represents a continuing spectrum of three conditions and can be divided into unstable angina, non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients’ symptoms in all three conditions are self managed by the first line medication sublingual glycerine trinitrate (SLGTN). The aim of management of ACS is to minimise symptoms and improve quality of life (QOL). Education of this complex medication such as recommended route, timing, side effects, prophylactic use and response to emergency when symptoms are not relieved are essential for the person to be able to effectively self administer the medication. Nitrates such as SLGTN have different biovariabilities and pharmokinetic properties which can have potent adverse effects such as vasodilatation if not taken correctly. Patients self-manage and prevent angina symptoms using SLGTN and rest when they are home; therefore it is essential that they have adequate knowledge of SLGTN and its use. However previous studies have reported patients have poor knowledge of SLGTN and appropriate symptom management.