Hydrogeological, hydrochemical and isotopic survey of the Bayindir geothermal area (Izmir, western Anatolia, Turkey).

The Bayindir geothermal system is located to the northern margin of the Kucuk Menderes Graben. The reservoir rocks of the geothermal system are calc schists and marbles of Triassic metamorphic formation. The system is controlled by active graben faults. The geothermal field is of low enthalpy and the surface temperature of the hot waters is 42-46 degrees C. The temperature of the reservoir is 55-118 degrees C. Chemical and isotopic data indicate that the thermal waters are mixed with meteoric, shallow cycling and cold underground water. The Sariyurt Pb-Zn mineralisation, with probable reserves estimated in the 1970s as 860 000 tonnes grading 2.76% Pb and 3.7% Zn, is located in the collecting area but does not cause natural or artificial heavy metal pollution of the waters.
The Bayindir geothermal system is located to the northern margin of the Kucuk Menderes Graben. The reservoir rocks of the geothermal system are calc schists and marbles of Triassic metamorphic formation. The system is controlled by active graben faults. The geothermal field is of low enthalpy and the surface temperature of the hot waters is 42-46 degrees C. The temperature of the reservoir is 55-118 degrees C. Chemical and isotopic data indicate that the thermal waters are mixed with meteoric, shallow cycling and cold underground water. The Sariyurt Pb-Zn mineralisation, with probable reserves estimated in the 1970s as 860 000 tonnes grading 2.76% Pb and 3.7% Zn, is located in the collecting area but does not cause natural or artificial heavy metal pollution of the waters.