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Properties of a New Group of Cosmic Nuclei: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Sodium, Aluminum, and Nitrogen
Authors :
Aguilar, M Cavasonza, L Alpat, B Ambrosi, G Arruda, L Attig, N Barao, F Barrin, L Bartoloni, A Başeğmez-du Pree, S Battiston, R Behlmann, M Beranek, B Berdugo, J Bertucci, B Bindi, V Bollweg, K Borgia, B Boschini, M Bourquin, M Bueno, E Burger, J Burger, W Burmeister, S Cai, X Capell, M Casaus, J Castellini, G Cervelli, F Chang, Y Chen, G Chen, H Chen, Y Cheng, L Chou, H Chouridou, S Choutko, V Chung, C Clark, C Coignet, G Consolandi, C Contin, A Corti, C Cui, Z Dadzie, K Delgado, C Della Torre, S Demirköz, M Derome, L Di Falco, S Di Felice, V Díaz, C Dimiccoli, F von Doetinchem, P Dong, F Donnini, F Duranti, M Egorov, A Eline, A Feng, J Fiandrini, E Fisher, P Formato, V Freeman, C Gámez, C García-López, R Gargiulo, C Gast, H Gervasi, M Giovacchini, F Gómez-Coral, D Gong, J Goy, C Grabski, V Grandi, D Graziani, M Haino, S Han, K Hashmani, R He, Z Heber, B Hsieh, T Hu, J Incagli, M Jang, W Jia, Y Jinchi, H Khiali, B Kim, G Kirn, T Konyushikhin, M Kounina, O Kounine, A Koutsenko, V Krasnopevtsev, D Kuhlman, A Kulemzin, A La Vacca, G Laudi, E Laurenti, G Lazzizzera, I Lebedev, A Lee, H Lee, S Li, J Li, M Li, Q Li, S Li, Z Liang, J Light, C Lin, C Lippert, T Liu, J Liu, Z Lu, S Lu, Y Luebelsmeyer, K Luo, J Luo, X Machate, F Mañá, C Marín, J Marquardt, J Martin, T Martínez, G Masi, N Maurin, D Medvedeva, T Menchaca-Rocha, A Meng, Q Mikhailov, V Molero, M Mott, P Mussolin, L Negrete, J Nikonov, N Nozzoli, F Oliva, A Orcinha, M Palermo, M Palmonari, F Paniccia, M Pashnin, A Pauluzzi, M Pensotti, S Phan, H Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Poluianov, S Qin, X Qu, Z Quadrani, L Rancoita, P Rapin, D Conde, A Robyn, E Rosier-Lees, S Rozhkov, A Rozza, D Sagdeev, R Schael, S von Dratzig, A Schwering, G Seo, E Shakfa, Z Shan, B Siedenburg, T Solano, C Song, J Song, X Sonnabend, R Strigari, L Su, T Sun, Q Sun, Z Tacconi, M Tang, X Tang, Z Tian, J Ting, S Tomassetti, N Torsti, J Tüysüz, C Urban, T Usoskin, I Vagelli, V Vainio, R Valencia-Otero, M Valente, E Valtonen, E Vázquez Acosta, M Vecchi, M Velasco, M Vialle, J Wang, C Wang, L Wang, N Wang, Q Wang, S Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Z Wei, J Weng, Z Wu, H Xiong, R Xu, W Yan, Q Yang, Y Yashin, I Yi, H Yu, Y Yu, Z Zannoni, M Zhang, C Zhang, F Zhang, J Zhang, Z Zhao, F Zheng, C Zheng, Z Zhuang, H Zhukov, V Zichichi, A Zuccon, P Aguilar, M. Cavasonza, L. Ali Alpat, B. Ambrosi, G. Arruda, L. Attig, N. Barao, F. Barrin, L. Bartoloni, A. Başeğmez-du Pree, S. Battiston, R. Behlmann, M. Beranek, B. Berdugo, J. Bertucci, B. Bindi, V. Bollweg, K. Borgia, B. Boschini, M. J. Bourquin, M. Bueno, E. F. Burger, J. Burger, W. J. Burmeister, S. Cai, X. D. Capell, M. Casaus, J. Castellini, G. Cervelli, F. Chang, Y. H. Chen, G. M. Chen, G. R. Chen, H. S. Chen, Y. Cheng, L. Chou, H. Y. Chouridou, S. Choutko, V. Chung, C. H. Clark, C. Coignet, G. Consolandi, C. Contin, A. Corti, C. Cui, Z. Dadzie, K. Delgado, C. Della Torre, S. Demirköz, M. B. Derome, L. Di Falco, S. Di Felice, V. Díaz, C. Dimiccoli, F. von Doetinchem, P. Dong, F. Donnini, F. Duranti, M. Egorov, A. Eline, A. Feng, J. Fiandrini, E. Fisher, P. Formato, V. Freeman, C. Gámez, C. García-López, R. J. Gargiulo, C. Gast, H. Gervasi, M. Giovacchini, F. Gómez-Coral, D. M. Gong, J. Goy, C. Grabski, V. Grandi, D. Graziani, M. Haino, S. Han, K. C. Hashmani, R. K. He, Z. H. Heber, B. Hsieh, T. H. Hu, J. Y. Incagli, M. Jang, W. Y. Jia, Yi Jinchi, H. Khiali, B. Kim, G. N. Kirn, Th. Konyushikhin, M. Kounina, O. Kounine, A. Koutsenko, V. Krasnopevtsev, D. Kuhlman, A. Kulemzin, A. La Vacca, G. Laudi, E. Laurenti, G. Lazzizzera, I. Lebedev, A. Lee, H. T. Lee, S. C. Li, J. Q. Li, M. Li, Q. Li, S. Li, J. H. Li, Z. H. Liang, J. Light, C. Lin, C. H. Lippert, T. Liu, J. H. Liu, Z. Lu, S. Q. Lu, Y. S. Luebelsmeyer, K. Luo, J. Z. Luo, Xi Machate, F. Mañá, C. Marín, J. Marquardt, J. Martin, T. Martínez, G. Masi, N. Maurin, D. Medvedeva, T. Menchaca-Rocha, A. Meng, Q. Mikhailov, V. V. Molero, M. Mott, P. Mussolin, L. Negrete, J. Nikonov, N. Nozzoli, F. Oliva, A. Orcinha, M. Palermo, M. Palmonari, F. Paniccia, M. Pashnin, A. Pauluzzi, M. Pensotti, S. Phan, H. D. Plyaskin, V. Pohl, M. Poluianov, S. Qin, X. Qu, Z. Y. Quadrani, L. Rancoita, P. G. Rapin, D. Conde, A. Reina Robyn, E. Rosier-Lees, S. Rozhkov, A. Rozza, D. Sagdeev, R. Schael, S. von Dratzig, A. Schulz Schwering, G. Seo, E. S. Shakfa, Z. Shan, B. S. Siedenburg, T. Solano, C. Song, J. W. Song, X. J. Sonnabend, R. Strigari, L. Su, T. Sun, Q. Sun, Z. T. Tacconi, M. Tang, X. W. Tang, Z. C. Tian, J. Ting, Samuel C. C. Ting, S. M. Tomassetti, N. Torsti, J. Tüysüz, C. Urban, T. Usoskin, I. Vagelli, V. Vainio, R. Valencia-Otero, M. Valente, E. Valtonen, E. Vázquez Acosta, M. Vecchi, M. Velasco, M. Vialle, J. P. Wang, C. X. Wang, L. Wang, L. Q. Wang, N. H. Wang, Q. L. Wang, S. Wang, X. Wang, Yu Wang, Z. M. Wei, J. Weng, Z. L. Wu, H. Xiong, R. Q. Xu, W. Yan, Q. Yang, Y. Yashin, I. I. Yi, H. Yu, Y. M. Yu, Z. Q. Zannoni, M. Zhang, C. Zhang, F. Zhang, F. Z. Zhang, J. H. Zhang, Z. Zhao, F. Zheng, C. Zheng, Z. M. Zhuang, H. L. Zhukov, V. Zichichi, A. Zuccon, P. Aguilar, M Cavasonza, L Alpat, B Ambrosi, G Arruda, L Attig, N Barao, F Barrin, L Bartoloni, A Başeğmez-du Pree, S Battiston, R Behlmann, M Beranek, B Berdugo, J Bertucci, B Bindi, V Bollweg, K Borgia, B Boschini, M Bourquin, M Bueno, E Burger, J Burger, W Burmeister, S Cai, X Capell, M Casaus, J Castellini, G Cervelli, F Chang, Y Chen, G Chen, H Chen, Y Cheng, L Chou, H Chouridou, S Choutko, V Chung, C Clark, C Coignet, G Consolandi, C Contin, A Corti, C Cui, Z Dadzie, K Delgado, C Della Torre, S Demirköz, M Derome, L Di Falco, S Di Felice, V Díaz, C Dimiccoli, F von Doetinchem, P Dong, F Donnini, F Duranti, M Egorov, A Eline, A Feng, J Fiandrini, E Fisher, P Formato, V Freeman, C Gámez, C García-López, R Gargiulo, C Gast, H Gervasi, M Giovacchini, F Gómez-Coral, D Gong, J Goy, C Grabski, V Grandi, D Graziani, M Haino, S Han, K Hashmani, R He, Z Heber, B Hsieh, T Hu, J Incagli, M Jang, W Jia, Y Jinchi, H Khiali, B Kim, G Kirn, T Konyushikhin, M Kounina, O Kounine, A Koutsenko, V Krasnopevtsev, D Kuhlman, A Kulemzin, A La Vacca, G Laudi, E Laurenti, G Lazzizzera, I Lebedev, A Lee, H Lee, S Li, J Li, M Li, Q Li, S Li, Z Liang, J Light, C Lin, C Lippert, T Liu, J Liu, Z Lu, S Lu, Y Luebelsmeyer, K Luo, J Luo, X Machate, F Mañá, C Marín, J Marquardt, J Martin, T Martínez, G Masi, N Maurin, D Medvedeva, T Menchaca-Rocha, A Meng, Q Mikhailov, V Molero, M Mott, P Mussolin, L Negrete, J Nikonov, N Nozzoli, F Oliva, A Orcinha, M Palermo, M Palmonari, F Paniccia, M Pashnin, A Pauluzzi, M Pensotti, S Phan, H Plyaskin, V Pohl, M Poluianov, S Qin, X Qu, Z Quadrani, L Rancoita, P Rapin, D Conde, A Robyn, E Rosier-Lees, S Rozhkov, A Rozza, D Sagdeev, R Schael, S von Dratzig, A Schwering, G Seo, E Shakfa, Z Shan, B Siedenburg, T Solano, C Song, J Song, X Sonnabend, R Strigari, L Su, T Sun, Q Sun, Z Tacconi, M Tang, X Tang, Z Tian, J Ting, S Tomassetti, N Torsti, J Tüysüz, C Urban, T Usoskin, I Vagelli, V Vainio, R Valencia-Otero, M Valente, E Valtonen, E Vázquez Acosta, M Vecchi, M Velasco, M Vialle, J Wang, C Wang, L Wang, N Wang, Q Wang, S Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Z Wei, J Weng, Z Wu, H Xiong, R Xu, W Yan, Q Yang, Y Yashin, I Yi, H Yu, Y Yu, Z Zannoni, M Zhang, C Zhang, F Zhang, J Zhang, Z Zhao, F Zheng, C Zheng, Z Zhuang, H Zhukov, V Zichichi, A Zuccon, P Aguilar, M. Cavasonza, L. Ali Alpat, B. Ambrosi, G. Arruda, L. Attig, N. Barao, F. Barrin, L. Bartoloni, A. Başeğmez-du Pree, S. Battiston, R. Behlmann, M. Beranek, B. Berdugo, J. Bertucci, B. Bindi, V. Bollweg, K. Borgia, B. Boschini, M. J. Bourquin, M. Bueno, E. F. Burger, J. Burger, W. J. Burmeister, S. Cai, X. D. Capell, M. Casaus, J. Castellini, G. Cervelli, F. Chang, Y. H. Chen, G. M. Chen, G. R. Chen, H. S. Chen, Y. Cheng, L. Chou, H. Y. Chouridou, S. Choutko, V. Chung, C. H. Clark, C. Coignet, G. Consolandi, C. Contin, A. Corti, C. Cui, Z. Dadzie, K. Delgado, C. Della Torre, S. Demirköz, M. B. Derome, L. Di Falco, S. Di Felice, V. Díaz, C. Dimiccoli, F. von Doetinchem, P. Dong, F. Donnini, F. Duranti, M. Egorov, A. Eline, A. Feng, J. Fiandrini, E. Fisher, P. Formato, V. Freeman, C. Gámez, C. García-López, R. J. Gargiulo, C. Gast, H. Gervasi, M. Giovacchini, F. Gómez-Coral, D. M. Gong, J. Goy, C. Grabski, V. Grandi, D. Graziani, M. Haino, S. Han, K. C. Hashmani, R. K. He, Z. H. Heber, B. Hsieh, T. H. Hu, J. Y. Incagli, M. Jang, W. Y. Jia, Yi Jinchi, H. Khiali, B. Kim, G. N. Kirn, Th. Konyushikhin, M. Kounina, O. Kounine, A. Koutsenko, V. Krasnopevtsev, D. Kuhlman, A. Kulemzin, A. La Vacca, G. Laudi, E. Laurenti, G. Lazzizzera, I. Lebedev, A. Lee, H. T. Lee, S. C. Li, J. Q. Li, M. Li, Q. Li, S. Li, J. H. Li, Z. H. Liang, J. Light, C. Lin, C. H. Lippert, T. Liu, J. H. Liu, Z. Lu, S. Q. Lu, Y. S. Luebelsmeyer, K. Luo, J. Z. Luo, Xi Machate, F. Mañá, C. Marín, J. Marquardt, J. Martin, T. Martínez, G. Masi, N. Maurin, D. Medvedeva, T. Menchaca-Rocha, A. Meng, Q. Mikhailov, V. V. Molero, M. Mott, P. Mussolin, L. Negrete, J. Nikonov, N. Nozzoli, F. Oliva, A. Orcinha, M. Palermo, M. Palmonari, F. Paniccia, M. Pashnin, A. Pauluzzi, M. Pensotti, S. Phan, H. D. Plyaskin, V. Pohl, M. Poluianov, S. Qin, X. Qu, Z. Y. Quadrani, L. Rancoita, P. G. Rapin, D. Conde, A. Reina Robyn, E. Rosier-Lees, S. Rozhkov, A. Rozza, D. Sagdeev, R. Schael, S. von Dratzig, A. Schulz Schwering, G. Seo, E. S. Shakfa, Z. Shan, B. S. Siedenburg, T. Solano, C. Song, J. W. Song, X. J. Sonnabend, R. Strigari, L. Su, T. Sun, Q. Sun, Z. T. Tacconi, M. Tang, X. W. Tang, Z. C. Tian, J. Ting, Samuel C. C. Ting, S. M. Tomassetti, N. Torsti, J. Tüysüz, C. Urban, T. Usoskin, I. Vagelli, V. Vainio, R. Valencia-Otero, M. Valente, E. Valtonen, E. Vázquez Acosta, M. Vecchi, M. Velasco, M. Vialle, J. P. Wang, C. X. Wang, L. Wang, L. Q. Wang, N. H. Wang, Q. L. Wang, S. Wang, X. Wang, Yu Wang, Z. M. Wei, J. Weng, Z. L. Wu, H. Xiong, R. Q. Xu, W. Yan, Q. Yang, Y. Yashin, I. I. Yi, H. Yu, Y. M. Yu, Z. Q. Zannoni, M. Zhang, C. Zhang, F. Zhang, F. Z. Zhang, J. H. Zhang, Z. Zhao, F. Zheng, C. Zheng, Z. M. Zhuang, H. L. Zhukov, V. Zichichi, A. Zuccon, P.
Publication Year :
2021
Abstract
We report the properties of sodium (Na) and aluminum (Al) cosmic rays in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.46 million sodium and 0.51 million aluminum nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment on the International Space Station. We found that Na and Al, together with nitrogen (N), belong to a distinct cosmic ray group. In this group, we observe that, similar to the N flux, both the Na flux and Al flux are well described by the sums of a primary cosmic ray component (proportional to the silicon flux) and a secondary cosmic ray component (proportional to the fluorine flux). The fraction of the primary component increases with rigidity for the N, Na, and Al fluxes and becomes dominant at the highest rigidities. The Na/Si and Al/Si abundance ratios at the source, 0.036±0.003 for Na/Si and 0.103±0.004 for Al/Si, are determined independent of cosmic ray propagation.
Details
Database :
OAIster
Notes :
English
Publication Type :
Electronic Resource
Accession number :
edsoai.on1308939812
Document Type :
Electronic Resource