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Global, regional, and national age-sex specifc mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980-2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

Authors :
Kinfu Y.
Barregard L.
Barrero L.H.
Baune B.T.
Bedi N.
Beghi E.
Bekele B.B.
Bell M.L.
Bennett J.R.
Bensenor I.M.
Berhane A.
Bernabe E.
Betsu B.D.
Beuran M.
Feigin V.L.
Fereshtehnejad S.-M.
Fernandes J.C.
Ferrari A.J.
Feyissa T.R.
Filip I.
Finegold S.
Fischer F.
Fitzmaurice C.
Flaxman A.D.
Foigt N.
Frank T.
Fraser M.
Fullman N.
Furst T.
Furtado J.M.
Gakidou E.
Garcia-Basteiro A.L.
Gebre T.
Gebregergs G.B.
Gebrehiwot T.T.
Gebremichael D.Y.
Geleijnse J.M.
Genova-Maleras R.
Gesesew H.A.
Gething P.W.
Gillum R.F.
Ginawi I.A.M.
Giref A.Z.
Giroud M.
Giussani G.
Godwin W.W.
Gold A.L.
Goldberg E.M.
Gona P.N.
Gopalani S.V.
Gouda H.N.
Goulart A.C.
Griswold M.
Gupta P.C.
Gupta R.
Gupta T.
Gupta V.
Haagsma J.A.
Hafezi-Nejad N.
Hailu A.D.
Hailu G.B.
Hamadeh R.R.
Hambisa M.T.
Hamidi S.
Hammami M.
Hancock J.
Handal A.J.
Hankey G.J.
Hao Y.
Harb H.L.
Hareri H.A.
Hassanvand M.S.
Havmoeller R.
Hay S.I.
He F.
Hedayati M.T.
Henry N.J.
Heredia-Pi I.B.
Herteliu C.
Hoek H.W.
Horino M.
Horita N.
Hosgood H.D.
Hostiuc S.
Hotez P.J.
Hoy D.G.
Huynh C.
Iburg K.M.
Ikeda C.
Ileanu B.V.
Irenso A.A.
Irvine C.M.S.
Jurisson M.
Jacobsen K.H.
Jahanmehr N.
Jakovljevic M.B.
Javanbakht M.
Jayaraman S.P.
Jeemon P.
Jha V.
John D.
Johnson C.O.
Johnson S.C.
Jonas J.B.
Kabir Z.
Kadel R.
Kahsay A.
Kamal R.
Karch A.
Karimi S.M.
Karimkhani C.
Kasaeian A.
Kassaw N.A.
Kassebaum N.J.
Katikireddi S.V.
Kawakami N.
Keiyoro P.N.
Kemmer L.
Kesavachandran C.N.
Khader Y.S.
Khan E.A.
Khang Y.-H.
Khoja A.T.A.
Khosravi A.
Khosravi M.H.
Khubchandani J.
Kieling C.
Kievlan D.
Kim D.
Kim Y.J.
Kimokoti R.W.
Kissoon N.
Kivimaki M.
Knudsen A.K.
Kopec J.A.
Kosen S.
Koul P.A.
Koyanagi A.
Defo B.K.
Kulikof X.R.
Kumar G.A.
Kumar P.
Kutz M.
Kyu H.H.
Lal D.K.
Lalloo R.
Lambert T.L.N.
Lan Q.
Lansingh V.C.
Larsson A.
Lee P.H.
Leigh J.
Leung J.
Levi M.
Li Y.
Kappe D.L.
Liang X.
Liben M.L.
Lim S.S.
Liu A.
Liu P.Y.
Liu Y.
Lodha R.
Logroscino G.
Lorkowski S.
Lotufo P.A.
Lozano R.
Lucas T.C.D.
Ma S.
Macarayan E.R.K.
Maddison E.R.
Abd El Razek M.M.
Majdan M.
Majdzadeh R.
Majeed A.
Malekzadeh R.
Malhotra R.
Malta D.C.
Manguerra H.
Manyazewal T.
Mapoma C.C.
Marczak L.B.
Markos D.
Martinez-Raga J.
Martins-Melo F.R.
Martopullo I.
McAlinden C.
McGaughey M.
McGrath J.J.
Mehata S.
Meier T.
Meles K.G.
Memiah P.
Memish Z.A.
Mengesha M.M.
Mengistu D.T.
Menota B.G.
Mensah G.A.
Meretoja A.
Meretoja T.J.
Millear A.
Miller T.R.
Minnig S.
Mirarefn M.
Mirrakhimov E.M.
Misganaw A.
Mishra S.R.
Mohammad K.A.
Mohammadi A.
Mohammed S.
Mokdad A.H.
Mola G.L.D.
Mollenkopf S.K.
Molokhia M.
Monasta L.
Hernandez J.C.M.
Montico M.
Mooney M.D.
Moradi-Lakeh M.
Moraga P.
Morawska L.
Morrison S.D.
Morozof C.
Mountjoy-Venning C.
Mruts K.B.
Muller K.
Murthy G.V.S.
Musa K.I.
Nachega J.B.
Naheed A.
Naldi L.
Nangia V.
Nascimento B.R.
Nasher J.T.
Natarajan G.
Negoi I.
Ngunjiri J.W.
Nguyen C.T.
Nguyen G.
Nguyen M.
Nguyen Q.L.
Nguyen T.H.
Nichols E.
Ningrum D.N.A.
Nong V.M.
Noubiap J.J.N.
Ogbo F.A.
Oh I.-H.
Okoro A.
Olagunju A.T.
Olsen H.E.
Olusanya B.O.
Olusanya J.O.
Ong K.
Opio J.N.
Oren E.
Ortiz A.
Osman M.
Ota E.
Mahesh P.A.
Pacella R.E.
Pakhale S.
Pana A.
Panda B.K.
Jonas S.
Papachristou C.
Park E.-K.
Patten S.B.
Patton G.C.
Paudel D.
Paulson K.
Pereira D.M.
Perez-Ruiz F.
Perico N.
Pervaiz A.
Petzold M.
Phillips M.R.
Pigott D.M.
Pinho C.
Plass D.
Pletcher M.A.
Polinder S.
Postma M.J.
Pourmalek F.
Purcell C.
Qorbani M.
Radfar A.
Rafay A.
Rahimi-Movaghar V.
Rahman M.
Ur Rahman M.H.
Rai R.K.
Ranabhat C.L.
Rankin Z.
Rao P.C.
Rath G.K.
Rawaf S.
Ray S.E.
Rehm J.
Reiner R.C.
Reitsma M.B.
Remuzzi G.
Rezaei S.
Rezai M.S.
Rokni M.B.
Ronfani L.
Roshandel G.
Roth G.A.
Rothenbacher D.
Ruhago G.M.
Rizwan S.A.
Saadat S.
Sachdev P.S.
Sadat N.
Safdarian M.
Saf S.
Safiri S.
Sagar R.
Sahathevan R.
Salama J.
Salamati P.
Salomon J.A.
Samy A.M.
Sanabria J.R.
Sanchez-Nino M.D.
Santomauro D.
Santos I.S.
Milicevic M.M.S.
Sartorius B.
Satpathy M.
Shahraz S.
Schmidt M.I.
Schneider I.J.C.
Schulhofer-Wohl S.
Schutte A.E.
Schwebel D.C.
Schwendicke F.
Sepanlou S.G.
Servan-Mori E.E.
Shackelford K.A.
Shaikh M.A.
Shamsipour M.
Shamsizadeh M.
Islam S.M.S.
Sharma J.
Sharma R.
She J.
Sheikhbahaei S.
Shey M.
Shi P.
Shields C.
Shigematsu M.
Shiri R.
Shirude S.
Shiue I.
Shoman H.
Shrime M.G.
Sigfusdottir I.D.
Silpakit N.
Silva J.P.
Singh J.A.
Skiadaresi E.
Sligar A.
Smith A.
Smith D.L.
Smith M.
Sobaih B.H.A.
Soneji S.
Sorensen R.J.D.
Soriano J.B.
Sreeramareddy C.T.
Srinivasan V.
Stanaway J.D.
Stathopoulou V.
Steel N.
Stein D.J.
Steiner C.
Steinke S.
Stokes M.A.
Strong M.
Strub B.
Subart M.
Sufyan M.B.
Sunguya B.F.
Sur P.J.
Swaminathan S.
Sykes B.L.
Tabares-Seisdedos R.
Tadakamadla S.K.
Takahashi K.
Takala J.S.
Talongwa R.T.
Tarawneh M.R.
Tavakkoli M.
Taveira N.
Tegegne T.K.
Tehrani-Banihashemi A.
Temsah M.-H.
Terkawi A.S.
Thakur J.S.
Thamsuwan O.
Thankappan K.R.
Thomas K.E.
Thompson A.H.
Thomson A.J.
Tobe-Gai R.
Topor-Madry R.
Torre A.
Tortajada M.
Towbin J.A.
Tran B.X.
Troeger C.
Truelsen T.
Tsoi D.
Tuzcu E.M.
Tyrovolas S.
Ukwaja K.N.
Undurraga E.A.
Updike R.
Uthman O.A.
Uzochukwu B.S.C.
Van Boven J.F.M.
Vasankari T.
Venketasubramanian N.
Violante F.S.
Vlassov V.V.
Vollset S.E.
Vos T.
Wakayo T.
Wallin M.T.
Wang Y.-P.
Weiderpass E.
Weintraub R.G.
Weiss D.J.
Werdecker A.
Westerman R.
Whetter B.
Whiteford H.A.
Wijeratne T.
Wiysonge C.S.
Woldeyes B.G.
Wolfe C.D.A.
Woodbrook R.
Workicho A.
Xavier D.
Xiao Q.
Xu G.
Yaghoubi M.
Yakob B.
Yano Y.
Yaseri M.
Yimam H.H.
Yonemoto N.
Yoon S.-J.
Yotebieng M.
Younis M.Z.
Zaidi Z.
El Sayed Zaki M.
Zegeye E.A.
Zenebe Z.M.
Zerfu T.A.
Zhang A.L.
Zhang X.
Zipkin B.
Zodpey S.
Lopez A.D.
Murray C.J.L.
De Courten B.
Singh A.
Thrift A.G.
Naghavi M.
Abajobir A.A.
Abbafati C.
Abbas K.M.
Abd-Allah F.
Abera S.F.
Aboyans V.
Adetokunboh O.
Arnlov J.
Afshin A.
Agrawal A.
Kiadaliri A.A.
Ahmadi A.
Ahmed M.B.
Aichour A.N.
Aichour I.
Aichour M.T.E.
Aiyar S.
Al-Eyadhy A.
Alahdab F.
Al-Aly Z.
Alam K.
Alam N.
Alam T.
Alene K.A.
Ali S.D.
Alizadeh-Navaei R.
Alkaabi J.M.
Alkerwi A.
Alla F.
Allebeck P.
Allen C.
Al-Raddadi R.
Alsharif U.
Altirkawi K.A.
Alvis-Guzman N.
Amare A.T.
Amini E.
Ammar W.
Amoako Y.A.
Anber N.
Andersen H.H.
Andrei C.L.
Androudi S.
Ansari H.
Antonio C.A.T.
Anwari P.
Arora M.
Artaman A.
Aryal K.K.
Asayesh H.
Asgedom S.W.
Atey T.M.
Avila-Burgos L.
Avokpaho E.F.G.A.
Awasthi A.
Quintanilla B.P.A.
Bejot Y.
Babalola T.K.
Bacha U.
Balakrishnan K.
Barac A.
Barboza M.A.
Barker-Collo S.L.
Barquera S.
Bhatt S.
Biadgilign S.
Bienhof K.
Bikbov B.
Bisanzio D.
Bourne R.R.A.
Breitborde N.J.K.
Bulto L.N.B.
Bumgarner B.R.
Butt Z.A.
Cardenas R.
Cahuana-Hurtado L.
Cameron E.
Campuzano J.C.
Car J.
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Carter A.
Casey D.C.
Castaneda-Orjuela C.A.
Catala-Lopez F.
Charlson F.J.
Chibueze C.E.
Chimed-Ochir O.
Chisumpa V.H.
Chitheer A.A.
Christopher D.J.
Ciobanu L.G.
Cirillo M.
Cohen A.J.
Colombara D.
Cooper C.
Cowie B.C.
Criqui M.H.
Dandona L.
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Dargan P.I.
Das Neves J.
Davitoiu D.V.
Davletov K.
Degenhardt L.
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Deribew A.
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Ding E.L.
Djalalinia S.
Do H.P.
Doku D.T.
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Driscoll T.R.
Dubey M.
Duncan B.B.
Echko M.
El-Khatib Z.Z.
Ellingsen C.L.
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Sa Farinha C.S.
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Barregard L.
Barrero L.H.
Baune B.T.
Bedi N.
Beghi E.
Bekele B.B.
Bell M.L.
Bennett J.R.
Bensenor I.M.
Berhane A.
Bernabe E.
Betsu B.D.
Beuran M.
Feigin V.L.
Fereshtehnejad S.-M.
Fernandes J.C.
Ferrari A.J.
Feyissa T.R.
Filip I.
Finegold S.
Fischer F.
Fitzmaurice C.
Flaxman A.D.
Foigt N.
Frank T.
Fraser M.
Fullman N.
Furst T.
Furtado J.M.
Gakidou E.
Garcia-Basteiro A.L.
Gebre T.
Gebregergs G.B.
Gebrehiwot T.T.
Gebremichael D.Y.
Geleijnse J.M.
Genova-Maleras R.
Gesesew H.A.
Gething P.W.
Gillum R.F.
Ginawi I.A.M.
Giref A.Z.
Giroud M.
Giussani G.
Godwin W.W.
Gold A.L.
Goldberg E.M.
Gona P.N.
Gopalani S.V.
Gouda H.N.
Goulart A.C.
Griswold M.
Gupta P.C.
Gupta R.
Gupta T.
Gupta V.
Haagsma J.A.
Hafezi-Nejad N.
Hailu A.D.
Hailu G.B.
Hamadeh R.R.
Hambisa M.T.
Hamidi S.
Hammami M.
Hancock J.
Handal A.J.
Hankey G.J.
Hao Y.
Harb H.L.
Hareri H.A.
Hassanvand M.S.
Havmoeller R.
Hay S.I.
He F.
Hedayati M.T.
Henry N.J.
Heredia-Pi I.B.
Herteliu C.
Hoek H.W.
Horino M.
Horita N.
Hosgood H.D.
Hostiuc S.
Hotez P.J.
Hoy D.G.
Huynh C.
Iburg K.M.
Ikeda C.
Ileanu B.V.
Irenso A.A.
Irvine C.M.S.
Jurisson M.
Jacobsen K.H.
Jahanmehr N.
Jakovljevic M.B.
Javanbakht M.
Jayaraman S.P.
Jeemon P.
Jha V.
John D.
Johnson C.O.
Johnson S.C.
Jonas J.B.
Kabir Z.
Kadel R.
Kahsay A.
Kamal R.
Karch A.
Karimi S.M.
Karimkhani C.
Kasaeian A.
Kassaw N.A.
Kassebaum N.J.
Katikireddi S.V.
Kawakami N.
Keiyoro P.N.
Kemmer L.
Kesavachandran C.N.
Khader Y.S.
Khan E.A.
Khang Y.-H.
Khoja A.T.A.
Khosravi A.
Khosravi M.H.
Khubchandani J.
Kieling C.
Kievlan D.
Kim D.
Kim Y.J.
Kimokoti R.W.
Kissoon N.
Kivimaki M.
Knudsen A.K.
Kopec J.A.
Kosen S.
Koul P.A.
Koyanagi A.
Defo B.K.
Kulikof X.R.
Kumar G.A.
Kumar P.
Kutz M.
Kyu H.H.
Lal D.K.
Lalloo R.
Lambert T.L.N.
Lan Q.
Lansingh V.C.
Larsson A.
Lee P.H.
Leigh J.
Leung J.
Levi M.
Li Y.
Kappe D.L.
Liang X.
Liben M.L.
Lim S.S.
Liu A.
Liu P.Y.
Liu Y.
Lodha R.
Logroscino G.
Lorkowski S.
Lotufo P.A.
Lozano R.
Lucas T.C.D.
Ma S.
Macarayan E.R.K.
Maddison E.R.
Abd El Razek M.M.
Majdan M.
Majdzadeh R.
Majeed A.
Malekzadeh R.
Malhotra R.
Malta D.C.
Manguerra H.
Manyazewal T.
Mapoma C.C.
Marczak L.B.
Markos D.
Martinez-Raga J.
Martins-Melo F.R.
Martopullo I.
McAlinden C.
McGaughey M.
McGrath J.J.
Mehata S.
Meier T.
Meles K.G.
Memiah P.
Memish Z.A.
Mengesha M.M.
Mengistu D.T.
Menota B.G.
Mensah G.A.
Meretoja A.
Meretoja T.J.
Millear A.
Miller T.R.
Minnig S.
Mirarefn M.
Mirrakhimov E.M.
Misganaw A.
Mishra S.R.
Mohammad K.A.
Mohammadi A.
Mohammed S.
Mokdad A.H.
Mola G.L.D.
Mollenkopf S.K.
Molokhia M.
Monasta L.
Hernandez J.C.M.
Montico M.
Mooney M.D.
Moradi-Lakeh M.
Moraga P.
Morawska L.
Morrison S.D.
Morozof C.
Mountjoy-Venning C.
Mruts K.B.
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Murthy G.V.S.
Musa K.I.
Nachega J.B.
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Nangia V.
Nascimento B.R.
Nasher J.T.
Natarajan G.
Negoi I.
Ngunjiri J.W.
Nguyen C.T.
Nguyen G.
Nguyen M.
Nguyen Q.L.
Nguyen T.H.
Nichols E.
Ningrum D.N.A.
Nong V.M.
Noubiap J.J.N.
Ogbo F.A.
Oh I.-H.
Okoro A.
Olagunju A.T.
Olsen H.E.
Olusanya B.O.
Olusanya J.O.
Ong K.
Opio J.N.
Oren E.
Ortiz A.
Osman M.
Ota E.
Mahesh P.A.
Pacella R.E.
Pakhale S.
Pana A.
Panda B.K.
Jonas S.
Papachristou C.
Park E.-K.
Patten S.B.
Patton G.C.
Paudel D.
Paulson K.
Pereira D.M.
Perez-Ruiz F.
Perico N.
Pervaiz A.
Petzold M.
Phillips M.R.
Pigott D.M.
Pinho C.
Plass D.
Pletcher M.A.
Polinder S.
Postma M.J.
Pourmalek F.
Purcell C.
Qorbani M.
Radfar A.
Rafay A.
Rahimi-Movaghar V.
Rahman M.
Ur Rahman M.H.
Rai R.K.
Ranabhat C.L.
Rankin Z.
Rao P.C.
Rath G.K.
Rawaf S.
Ray S.E.
Rehm J.
Reiner R.C.
Reitsma M.B.
Remuzzi G.
Rezaei S.
Rezai M.S.
Rokni M.B.
Ronfani L.
Roshandel G.
Roth G.A.
Rothenbacher D.
Ruhago G.M.
Rizwan S.A.
Saadat S.
Sachdev P.S.
Sadat N.
Safdarian M.
Saf S.
Safiri S.
Sagar R.
Sahathevan R.
Salama J.
Salamati P.
Salomon J.A.
Samy A.M.
Sanabria J.R.
Sanchez-Nino M.D.
Santomauro D.
Santos I.S.
Milicevic M.M.S.
Sartorius B.
Satpathy M.
Shahraz S.
Schmidt M.I.
Schneider I.J.C.
Schulhofer-Wohl S.
Schutte A.E.
Schwebel D.C.
Schwendicke F.
Sepanlou S.G.
Servan-Mori E.E.
Shackelford K.A.
Shaikh M.A.
Shamsipour M.
Shamsizadeh M.
Islam S.M.S.
Sharma J.
Sharma R.
She J.
Sheikhbahaei S.
Shey M.
Shi P.
Shields C.
Shigematsu M.
Shiri R.
Shirude S.
Shiue I.
Shoman H.
Shrime M.G.
Sigfusdottir I.D.
Silpakit N.
Silva J.P.
Singh J.A.
Skiadaresi E.
Sligar A.
Smith A.
Smith D.L.
Smith M.
Sobaih B.H.A.
Soneji S.
Sorensen R.J.D.
Soriano J.B.
Sreeramareddy C.T.
Srinivasan V.
Stanaway J.D.
Stathopoulou V.
Steel N.
Stein D.J.
Steiner C.
Steinke S.
Stokes M.A.
Strong M.
Strub B.
Subart M.
Sufyan M.B.
Sunguya B.F.
Sur P.J.
Swaminathan S.
Sykes B.L.
Tabares-Seisdedos R.
Tadakamadla S.K.
Takahashi K.
Takala J.S.
Talongwa R.T.
Tarawneh M.R.
Tavakkoli M.
Taveira N.
Tegegne T.K.
Tehrani-Banihashemi A.
Temsah M.-H.
Terkawi A.S.
Thakur J.S.
Thamsuwan O.
Thankappan K.R.
Thomas K.E.
Thompson A.H.
Thomson A.J.
Tobe-Gai R.
Topor-Madry R.
Torre A.
Tortajada M.
Towbin J.A.
Tran B.X.
Troeger C.
Truelsen T.
Tsoi D.
Tuzcu E.M.
Tyrovolas S.
Ukwaja K.N.
Undurraga E.A.
Updike R.
Uthman O.A.
Uzochukwu B.S.C.
Van Boven J.F.M.
Vasankari T.
Venketasubramanian N.
Violante F.S.
Vlassov V.V.
Vollset S.E.
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Weiderpass E.
Weintraub R.G.
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Cameron E.
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Chitheer A.A.
Christopher D.J.
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Cirillo M.
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Criqui M.H.
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Do H.P.
Doku D.T.
Douwes-Schultz D.
Driscoll T.R.
Dubey M.
Duncan B.B.
Echko M.
El-Khatib Z.Z.
Ellingsen C.L.
Enayati A.
Erskine H.E.
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Sa Farinha C.S.
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Farzadfar F.
Publication Year :
2017

Abstract

Background: Monitoring levels and trends in premature mortality is crucial to understanding how societies can address prominent sources of early death. The Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specifc mortality for 264 causes in 195 locations from 1980 to 2016. This assessment includes evaluation of the expected epidemiological transition with changes in development and where local patterns deviate from these trends. Method(s): We estimated cause-specifc deaths and years of life lost (YLLs) by age, sex, geography, and year. YLLs were calculated from the sum of each death multiplied by the standard life expectancy at each age. We used the GBD cause of death database composed of: vital registration (VR) data corrected for under-registration and garbage coding; national and subnational verbal autopsy (VA) studies corrected for garbage coding; and other sources including surveys and surveillance systems for specifc causes such as maternal mortality. To facilitate assessment of quality, we reported on the fraction of deaths assigned to GBD Level 1 or Level 2 causes that cannot be underlying causes of death (major garbage codes) by location and year. Based on completeness, garbage coding, cause list detail, and time periods covered, we provided an overall data quality rating for each location with scores ranging from 0 stars (worst) to 5 stars (best). We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to generate estimates for each location, year, age, and sex. We assessed observed and expected levels and trends of cause-specifc deaths in relation to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator derived from measures of average income per capita, educational attainment, and total fertility, with locations grouped into quintiles by SDI. Relative to GBD 2015, we expanded the GBD cause hierarchy by 18 causes of death for GBD 2016. Finding(s): The quality of available data vari

Details

Database :
OAIster
Publication Type :
Electronic Resource
Accession number :
edsoai.on1305123408
Document Type :
Electronic Resource

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