Highly efficient Perovskite solar cells using non-toxic industry compatible solvent system

Perovskite solar cells attract a lot attention as alternative energy sources for the future energy market. With the remarkable lab-scale achievements, the investigations into a high-throughput large-scale production of perovskite devices are now on the agenda. The first step towards mass manufacturing should be a replacement of toxic solvents used in the manufacturing of perovskite layer. In this study, a non-toxic and up-scaling compatible solvent system is developed. The impact of the solvent properties on the perovskite crystallization kinetics has been systematically investigated, which is found to be crucial in controlling the surface coverage and layer crystallinity. By optimizing the processing conditions, a stabilized efficiency of 16.0% is achieved with the developed non-toxic solvent system.