Resonant nonlinear optical microscopy

Resonant nonlinear optical microscopy is a field that uses resonant nonlinear optics for spatial imaging on a microscopic scale. Enabled by the development of suitable laser sources and detectors, this field has brought a host of new contrast techniques to light. In this article we describe vibrationally resonant techniques such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) or stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), and electronically resonant techniques such as four-wave mixing imaging, with specific emphasis on generalization of the underlying concepts.