Istovremeni uticaj permeabilnosti sloja, prečnika vlakna i ulazne koncentracije uljne faze na separaciju mineralnih ulja iz otpadnih voda

Cilj ove doktorske disertacije je da dâ doprinos u proučavanju nedovoljno poznatih fenomena koalescentne filtracije, kako bi se smanjio obim potrebnih poluindustrijskih istraživanja prilikom projektovnja filtera za neku konkretnu primenu. Svi materijali korišćeni u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji su otpadni materijali, čija primena kao filtarskog punjenja predstavlja poseban doprinos održivom razvoju. Jedan od ciljeva ove doktorske disertacije je proučavanje istovremenog uticaja promene permeabilnosti sloja i debljine vlakana na osobine sloja, pad pritiska i efikasnost separacije dispergovanog ulja iz kontinualne vodene faze. Uticaj geometrije sloja proučavan je na slojevima homogene i heterogene geometrije po dubini. Realizovano je detaljno ispitivanje izgleda, morfologije vlakana, kao i strukture sloja, izgleda i rasporeda njegovih pora, primenom skening elektronske mikroskopije i optičke mikroskopije. U radu je dat pregled istraživanja primene vlakana različite prirode (slobodnih i međusobno povezanih, krutih i elastičnih, različite debljine te time i različite vijugavosti) i njihovih slojeva. Takođe, dat je doprinos proučavanju istovremenog uticaja promena ulazne koncentracije dispergovane faze i permeabilnosti sloja. U veći deo ostvarenih istraživanja ukjučeno je i proučavanje uticaja prirode uljne faze, pri čemu je neophodno istaći da su sva korišćena ulja mineralnog porekla. Cilj optimizacije rada koalescera bio je da se pronađu uslovi u kojima se postiže maksimalna vrednost kritične brzine uz minimalni pad pritiska.
The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to contribute to the study of insufficiently known phenomena of coalescent filtration, in order to reduce the number of pilot plant experiments required for designing filters for some specific applications. All the used materials are waste materials the use of which as a filter media contributes to sustainable development. One of the goals of this doctoral dissertation is to study the simultaneous effect of changes in bed permeability and fiber thickness on bed properties, pressure drop and the efficiency of the dispersed oil separation from a continuous aqueous phase. The effect of bed geometry was studied by applying the beds of homogeneous and heterogeneous geometry in depth. A detailed examination of the appearance and morphology of the fibers, as well as the structure of the bed and the appearance and arrangement of its pores, was performed by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The doctoral dissertation gives an overview of the testing of fibers of different nature (free and interconnected, rigid and elastic, of different thickness and thus of different meandering) and their beds. The simultaneous effect of the changes in the input dispersed phase concentration and the bed permeability was also investigated. Much of the conducted research includes the study of the impact of the nature of the oil phase, and it is necessary to point out that all used oils are mineral oils. The goal of optimizing the operation of a coalescer was to find the conditions providing the maximum critical velocity value with a minimum pressure drop.