Advancing Aquatic Ecosystem-Based Management with Full Consideration of the Social-Ecological System

In this study we present an integrated Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM) approach that attempts to reconcile several concepts including integratedecosystem assessment (IEA), marine spatial planning, resilience thinking, and complex adaptive systems. The approach builds on the IEA process but enhances it by explicitly considering the full social-ecological system (SES) and the creation of ageneric framework for assessment of ecosystem status and management strategyevaluation.