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Studies on the behavioural and genetic aspects of ewe rearing ability and lamb survival in South African sheep flocks

Authors :
Cloete, S. W. P.
Erasmus, G. J.
Van Wyk, J. B.
Schoeman, S. J.
Cloete, S. W. P.
Erasmus, G. J.
Van Wyk, J. B.
Schoeman, S. J.
Publication Year :
2002

Abstract

English: The dissertation is based on a number of separate trials conducted since 1989. The central theme is ewe rearing ability and lamb survival, and the study includes 15 papers prepared over an 11-year period from 1992 to 2002. These papers are all linked by their emphasis on sheep production as influenced by lambing and neonatal behaviour and its interface with breeding and management. The papers demonstrate the various phases the study went through, and how it eventually transpired into an account of genetic change in lamb output achievable through rigorous selection. The individual papers already contain abstracts. This summary is intended to provide readers with a broad overview of the most important outcomes of the study. The study was organised in three parts, as follows: Part 1:Background Initially, two papers provided the background for the investigations into lamb survival and ewe rearing ability. The first paper dealt with the average reproductive performance of sheep in the Southern Cape, and with levels of reproductive wastage in a number of flocks. It demonstrated that approximately one in four breeding ewes did not care for at least one lamb at lamb marking. Losses were more or less evenly distributed between barrenness and rearing failure. It was impossible to identify managerial practices conclusively associated with a good reproductive performance. Evidence was provided that an improvement in the reproduction of the current flock can be achieved by a simple method of selection that can be practiced by commercial farmers with minimal record keeping. The second paper considered rearing ability in four experimental flocks of the Merino, SA Mutton Merino and Dormer breeds. A minority of ewes was shown to contribute markedly to the observed levels of rearing failure. Animals classified as being "good" or "poor" mothers on their lamb rearing history were shown to differ in one or more pelvic dimensions in two Merino flocks and the SA Mutton Merino flo<br />Afrikaans: Die proefskrif is gebaseer op 'n aantal afsonderlike studies wat sedert 1989 uitgevoer is. Die onderwerp wat ondersoek is, is die grootmaakvermoë van ooie en oorlewing van lammers. Die studie sluit 15 artikels wat oor 'n l l-jaartydperk van 1992 tot 2002 geskryf is, in. Die artikels handel almaloor skaapproduksie, die invloed van gedrag tydens lam en die neonatale fase daarop, sowel as die wisselwerking daarvan met aangepaste teelten bestuurspraktyke. Die artikels dui op die fases waardeur die studie gegaan het, en hoe daar gevorder is om genetiese vordering in lamopbrengs aan te toon. Die ingeslote artikels sluit reeds Engelse opsommings in. Hierdie opsomming verskaf dus slegs 'n breë oorsig aangaande die belangrikste bevindings van die studie. Die navorsing word in drie dele opgedeel, as volg: Deel 1: Agtergrond Twee artikels het aanvanklik agtergrond verskaf vir die ondersoek van lamoorlewing en ooigrootmaakvermoë. Die eerste artikel het oor die gemiddelde reproduksie en vlakke van produksieverliese van skaapkuddes in die Suid-Kaap gehandel. Tydens merktyd is gevind dat ongeveer een uit elke vier teeltooie nie een of meer lammers versorg het nie. Verliese is ongeveer gelyk verdeel tussen onvrugbaarheid en grootmaakmislukkings. Dit was onmoontlik om bestuursfaktore wat onomstootlik aan 'n goeie reproduksietempo verwant was te identifiseer. Die artikel het aangedui dat 'n verbetering in die reproduksie van die huidige kudde bewerkstellig kan word deur 'n eenvoudige stelsel van seleksie wat met minimale rekordhouding deur kommersiële produsente toegepas kan word. The tweede artikel het die grootmaakvermoë van ooie in vier eksperimentele kuddes (Merino, SA Vleismerino en Dormer) ondersoek. 'n Minderheid ooie het grootliks bygedra tot die totale grootmaakmislukking wat waargeneem is. Ooie wat op grond van hulle produksiegeskiedenis as "goed" of "swak" geklassifiseer is, het by die Merino of SA Vleismerinokuddes ten opsigte van een of meer pelvisafmetings ve

Details

Database :
OAIster
Notes :
application/pdf, English
Publication Type :
Electronic Resource
Accession number :
edsoai.on1144174373
Document Type :
Electronic Resource